当我尝试执行以下操作时,两个输出都不同:
$ cat /var/log/log
BACKUP-2017_12_30_03-35-02.ta 100% 5330MB 14.2MB/s 06:16
BACKUP-2018_01_09_03-35-02.ta 100% 5342MB 14.7MB/s 06:03
BACKUP-2018_01_02_03-35-02.ta 100% 5312MB 14.6MB/s 06:03
BACKUP-2018_01_06_03-35-02.ta 100% 5328MB 14.4MB/s 06:11
more /var/log/log
具有与上面相同的输出,但是从1%到100%都有。
我必须在下面的脚本中使用cat的输出,但是当我这样做时,输出将是更多的输出。
echo "Below are the files copied during RUN" && echo -e "\n----- Contents -----\n" && cat /var/log/log) | tr -dc '[[:print:]]' | mailx -v \
答案 0 :(得分:0)
控制台上使用了一些特殊字符和序列,这些特殊字符用于各种目的,例如移动光标位置,还可以产生声音和设置各种终端选项。这些被称为转义序列,例如,您可以在此处阅读https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
在(普通)控制台终端上执行cat <file>
将/应解析大多数/某些转义序列。您可能会看到保存到这个命令的文件的命令输出将在终端上运行(粉扑,我不知道如何解释它,请参阅下面的示例)。 more
解析转义序列有点智能,因此输出更加用户友好
让我们在一个例子中展示它。想象一下,您正在使用wget:
$ wget http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run
--2018-01-12 14:10:37-- http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run
Resolving www.ac6-tools.com... 37.59.46.135
Connecting to www.ac6-tools.com|37.59.46.135|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 433081872 (413M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run.5’
install_sw4stm32_linux_ 0%[ ] 2.91M 1.42MB/s
最后一行'更改/刷新自己',我的意思是,wget生成转义序列以将光标位置移动到行的开头(可能是'\ r')并再次打印该行,从而刷新它。现在我们将欺骗wget认为它的输出是控制台并将它的stderr和stdout输出保存到文件/ tmp / 1.
unbuffer wget http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run >&/tmp/1
现在让我们:
$ cat /tmp/1
--2018-01-12 14:10:27-- http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run
Resolving www.ac6-tools.com... 37.59.46.135
Connecting to www.ac6-tools.com|37.59.46.135|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 433081872 (413M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run.4’
install_sw4stm32_linux_64b 1%[ ] 5.87M 2.63MB/s
然而,这并不完全是文件的内容。例如,在vim中你可能会看到:
$ vim /tmp/1
--2018-01-12 14:10:27-- http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run
Resolving www.ac6-tools.com... 37.59.46.135
Connecting to www.ac6-tools.com|37.59.46.135|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 433081872 (413M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run.4’
^M install_sw4stm3 0%[ ] 0 --.-KB/s ^M install_sw4stm32 0%[ ] 596.40K 2.91MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_ 0%[ ] 1.66M 4.14MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_l 0%[ ] 2.41M 4.01MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_li 0%[ ] 3.11M 3.87MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_lin 0%[ ] 3.60M 3.57MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linu 0%[ ] 3.94M 3.23MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linux 1%[ ] 4.30M 3.02MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linux_ 1%[ ] 4.69M 2.88MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linux_6 1%[ ] 5.08M 2.78MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linux_64 1%[ ] 5.48M 2.70MB/s ^M install_sw4stm32_linux_64b 1%[ ] 5.87M 2.63MB/s
输出中的那些^M
符号就像vim告诉你的那样,那里有一个特殊字符(不是字符^
和M
,而是一个特殊的转义序列/字符) 。在这种情况下,它是用于将光标移动到文件开头的转义序列。
更多在解析转义序列时有点聪明:
$ more /tmp/1
--2018-01-12 14:10:27-- http://www.ac6-tools.com/downloads/SW4STM32/install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run
Resolving www.ac6-tools.com... 37.59.46.135
Connecting to www.ac6-tools.com|37.59.46.135|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 433081872 (413M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘install_sw4stm32_linux_64bits-v2.3.run.4’
install_sw4stm32_l 0%[ ] 2.41M 4.01MB/s
install_sw4stm32_linux 1%[ ] 4.30M 3.02MB/s
install_sw4stm32_linux_64b 1%[ ] 5.87M 2.63MB/s
希望能澄清你与猫的不一致和更多的输出。