XML Schema minOccurs / maxOccurs默认值

时间:2011-01-27 20:28:41

标签: xml xsd

我想知道XML Schema规范如何处理这些情况:

<xsd:element minOccurs="1" name="asdf"/>

没有给出maxOccurs - &gt;这是基数[1..1]吗?

<xsd:element minOccurs="5" maxOccurs="2" name="asdf"/>

我想这简直无效了?

<xsd:element maxOccurs="2" name="asdf"/>

这是基数[0..2]还是[1..2]?

对于XML Schema规范如何处理这些情况,是否存在“官方”定义?

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:311)

minOccursmaxOccurs的默认值为1.因此:

<xsd:element minOccurs="1" name="asdf"/>

基数为[1-1]注意:如果指定 minOccurs属性,则不能大于1,因为maxOccurs的默认值为1。

<xsd:element minOccurs="5" maxOccurs="2" name="asdf"/>

无效

<xsd:element maxOccurs="2" name="asdf"/>

基数为[1-2]注意:如果指定 maxOccurs属性,则不能小于1,因为minOccurs的默认值为1。

<xsd:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="0"/>

是一种有效的组合,可以禁止该元素。

有关详细信息,请参阅http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/#OccurrenceConstraints

答案 1 :(得分:56)

一个旧的,常见问题的新答案......

默认值

  • 发生限制minOccursmaxOccurs 默认为1

常见案例解释

<xsd:element name="A"/>

表示A 必需 ,且必须 正好

<xsd:element name="A" minOccurs="0"/>

表示A 可选 ,最多可能出现 一次

 <xsd:element name="A" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

表示A 必需 ,可以重复 无限次

 <xsd:element name="A" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

表示A 可选 ,可以重复 无限次

另见

  • W3C XML Schema Part 0: Primer

      

    通常,元素需要在值的时候出现   minOccurs是1或更多。元素的最大次数   出现由其中的maxOccurs属性的值确定   宣言。该值可以是正整数,例如41,或者   术语无界限表示没有最大出现次数。   minOccurs和maxOccurs属性的默认值   因此,当没有a声明注释等元素时   maxOccurs属性,该元素可能不会出现多次。确定   如果你只为minOccurs属性指定一个值,那就是   小于或等于maxOccurs的默认值,即它是0或1。   同样,如果仅为maxOccurs属性指定值,则它必须大于或等于默认值minOccurs,   即1或更多。如果省略这两个属性,则元素必须   只出现一次。

  • W3C XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition

    <element
      maxOccurs = (nonNegativeInteger | unbounded)  : 1
      minOccurs = nonNegativeInteger : 1
      >
    
    </element>
    

答案 2 :(得分:0)

简短答案:

用xsd编写:

<xs:attribute name="minOccurs" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional" default="1"/>
<xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" type="xs:allNNI" use="optional" default="1"/>

如果为属性提供数字,则数字为边界。 否则,属性应只出现一次

答案 3 :(得分:-1)

示例:

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="country.xsl"?>
<country xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="country.xsd">
    <countryName>Australia</countryName>
    <capital>Canberra</capital>
    <nationalLanguage>English</nationalLanguage>
    <population>21000000</population>
    <currency>Australian Dollar</currency>
    <nationalIdentities>
        <nationalAnthem>Advance Australia Fair</nationalAnthem>
        <nationalDay>Australia Day (26 January)</nationalDay>
        <nationalColour>Green and Gold</nationalColour>
        <nationalGemstone>Opal</nationalGemstone>
        <nationalFlower>Wattle (Acacia pycnantha)</nationalFlower>
    </nationalIdentities>
    <publicHolidays>
        <newYearDay>1 January</newYearDay>
        <australiaDay>26 January</australiaDay>
        <anzacDay>25 April</anzacDay>
        <christmasDay>25 December</christmasDay>
        <boxingDay>26 December</boxingDay>
        <laborDay>Variable Date</laborDay>
        <easter>Variable Date</easter>
        <queenBirthDay>21 April (Variable Date)</queenBirthDay>
    </publicHolidays>
    <states>
        <stateName><Name>NSW -  New South Wales</Name></stateName>
        <stateName><Name>VIC -  Victoria</Name></stateName>
        <stateName><Name>QLD -  Queensland</Name></stateName>
        <stateName><Name>SA -  South Australia</Name></stateName>
        <stateName><Name>WA -  Western Australia</Name></stateName>
        <stateName><Name>TAS -  Tasmania</Name></stateName>
    </states>
    <territories>
        <territoryName>ACT -  Australian Capital Territory</territoryName>
        <territoryName>NT -  Northern Territory</territoryName>
    </territories>
</country>

XSD:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xs:element name="country">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="countryName" type="xs:string"/>
                <xs:element name="capital" type="xs:string"/>
                <xs:element name="nationalLanguage" type="xs:string"/>
                <xs:element name="population" type="xs:double"/>
                <xs:element name="currency" type="xs:string"/>
                <xs:element name="nationalIdentities">
                <xs:complexType>
                    <xs:sequence>
                        <xs:element name="nationalAnthem" type="xs:string"/>
                        <xs:element name="nationalDay" type="xs:string"/>
                        <xs:element name="nationalColour" type="xs:string"/>
                        <xs:element name="nationalGemstone" type="xs:string"/>
                        <xs:element name="nationalFlower" type="xs:string"/>
                    </xs:sequence>
                </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element name="publicHolidays">
                    <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                            <xs:element name="newYearDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="australiaDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="anzacDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="christmasDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="boxingDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="laborDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="easter" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                            <xs:element name="queenBirthDay" maxOccurs="1" type="xs:string"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                    </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element name="states">
                    <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                            <xs:element name="stateName" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                                <xs:complexType>
                                    <xs:sequence>
                                        <xs:element name="Name" type="xs:string"/>
                                    </xs:sequence>
                                </xs:complexType>
                            </xs:element>
                        </xs:sequence>
                    </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
                <xs:element name="territories">
                    <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                            <xs:element name="territoryName" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                    </xs:complexType>
                </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

XSL:

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
    <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes" version="4.0"/>
    <xsl:template match="/">
        <html>
            <body>          
                <xsl:for-each select="country">         
                    <xsl:value-of select="countryName"/><br/>
                    <xsl:value-of select="capital"/><br/>
                    <xsl:value-of select="nationalLanguage"/><br/>
                    <xsl:value-of select="population"/><br/>
                    <xsl:value-of select="currency"/><br/>              
                    <xsl:for-each select="nationalIdentities">
                        <xsl:value-of select="nationalAnthem"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="nationalDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="nationalColour"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="nationalGemstone"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="nationalFlower"/><br/>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                    <xsl:for-each select="publicHolidays">
                        <xsl:value-of select="newYearDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="australiaDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="anzacDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="christmasDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="boxingDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="laborDay"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="easter"/><br/>
                        <xsl:value-of select="queenBirthDay"/><br/>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                    <xsl:for-each select="states/stateName">
                        <xsl:value-of select="Name"/><br/>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                </xsl:for-each>
            </body>
        </html>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

结果:

Australia
Canberra
English
21000000
Australian Dollar
Advance Australia Fair
Australia Day (26 January)
Green and Gold
Opal
Wattle (Acacia pycnantha)
1 January
26 January
25 April
25 December
26 December
Variable Date
Variable Date
21 April (Variable Date)
NSW - New South Wales
VIC - Victoria
QLD - Queensland
SA - South Australia
WA - Western Australia
TAS - Tasmania