改变顶部主要x-ticks的位置作为底轴的函数

时间:2018-01-10 15:44:31

标签: python matplotlib

我想要类似于How to add a second x-axis in matplotlib的东西,即具有显示波长的顶部x轴和显示相应频率的底部轴。

重现链接示例给出了一个如下图: enter image description here

这张图是用:

制作的
#setting up the plot
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig = plt.figure()
fig.tight_layout()
ax = plt.subplot()


#Here it gets interesting!
def tick_function(X):
   c = 299792458
   V = c/X
   V = V*1e6
   V = np.round(V,0)
   V[2] = 3000
   V = V.astype(int)
   return(V)

ax = plt.subplot()
ax_top = ax.twiny()
ax.set_xscale("log", nonposx='clip')
ax.set_yscale("log", nonposy='clip')
ax_top.set_xscale("log", nonposx='clip')
ax.set_xlim([8e10,5e14])
ax.set_ylim([5e33,2e36])

axTicks = ax.get_xticks()   
ax_top_Ticks = axTicks
ax_top.set_xticks(ax_top_Ticks)
ax_top.set_xlim(ax.get_xlim())
ax_top.set_xbound(ax.get_xbound())
ax_top.set_xticklabels(tick_function(ax_top_Ticks))

现在,我不想在底部主要x轴的位置绘制顶部主要x-ticks,而是希望让它们移位。 即,我希望在1000,100,10,1的位置具有顶部主要的x-ticks,并且相应的小标记相应地移动。

这就是我喜欢它的样子:

enter image description here

我找到了这个情节,这就是我想要的! http://inspirehep.net/record/877424/files/fig2.png 注意,因为lambda = c / f和ax& ax_top是对数的,小刻度线的间距必须反转为!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

诀窍是选择你想要的波长并将它们转换成频率。然后使用这些频率作为上标记的位置。

#setting up the plot
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.subplot()


def conversion_freq_lam(inp):
   c = 299792458
   outp = c/inp
   outp = outp.astype(int)
   return outp

#ax = plt.subplot(gs1[0])
ax = plt.subplot(111)
ax_top = ax.twiny()
ax.set_xscale("log", nonposx='clip')
ax.set_yscale("log", nonposy='clip')
ax_top.set_xscale("log", nonposx='clip')
ax.set_xlim([8e10,5e14])
ax.set_ylim([5e33,2e36])

goal_lambdas = np.array([100000, 10000, 1000, 100, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01])
goal_freqs = conversion_freq_lam(goal_lambdas)
ax_top_Ticks = goal_freqs * 1e6  # magic factor 1e6 from your attempt. Units?
ax_top.set_xticks(ax_top_Ticks)
ax_top.set_xlim(ax.get_xlim())
ax_top.set_xbound(ax.get_xbound())
ax_top.set_xticklabels(goal_lambdas)

plt.savefig('test_2axes.png')

这会产生以下情节: enter image description here

我从你的问题中用作缩放因子的幻数1e6。我认为它是由轴的单位引起的。

编辑:

要在顶部轴上正确间隔小刻度线(例如,在2,3,4,...,20,30,40,50,...),请添加以下代码块:

def find_minor_vals(goals):
    minors = []
    factors = np.arange(2, 10, 1)
    for val in goals:
        minors.extend(list(val * factors))
    print minors
    return np.array(minors)

goal_lambdas_minor = find_minor_vals(goal_lambdas)
goal_freqs_minor = conversion_freq_lam(goal_lambdas_minor) * 1e6
minor_locator = FixedLocator(goal_freqs_minor)
ax_top.xaxis.set_minor_locator(minor_locator)

结果如下图所示:

enter image description here