我正在使用某种类型的迭代器,它必须实现特征$str = "Apple (juice)";
for( $i = 0; $i <= strlen( $str ); $i++ ) {
if( $str[$i] == '(')
$str[$i+1] = strtoupper($str[$i+1]);
}
echo $str;
,并尝试将其转换为A
的{{1}}个特征:
Vec
然而,这无法编译,说:
Box
这种错误有道理,但后来我不明白为什么以下内容没有问题:
trait A {}
fn test2<'a, I>(iterator: I) -> Vec<Box<A + 'a>>
where
I: IntoIterator,
I::Item: A + 'a,
{
iterator
.into_iter()
.map(|a| Box::new(a))
.collect::<Vec<Box<A + 'a>>>()
}
这有什么不同?我如何表达我想error[E0277]: the trait bound `std::vec::Vec<std::boxed::Box<A + 'a>>: std::iter::FromIterator<std::boxed::Box<<I as std::iter::IntoIterator>::Item>>` is not satisfied
--> src/main.rs:11:10
|
11 | .collect::<Vec<Box<A + 'a>>>()
| ^^^^^^^ a collection of type `std::vec::Vec<std::boxed::Box<A + 'a>>` cannot be built from an iterator over elements of type `std::boxed::Box<<I as std::iter::IntoIterator>::Item>`
|
= help: the trait `std::iter::FromIterator<std::boxed::Box<<I as std::iter::IntoIterator>::Item>>` is not implemented for `std::vec::Vec<std::boxed::Box<A + 'a>>`
= help: consider adding a `where std::vec::Vec<std::boxed::Box<A + 'a>>: std::iter::FromIterator<std::boxed::Box<<I as std::iter::IntoIterator>::Item>>` bound
fn test<'a, T: A + 'a>(t: T) -> Box<A + 'a> {
Box::new(t)
}
为Box
,而不是它们可能是什么类型?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您需要将Box<I::Item>
投射到Box<A>
:
fn test2<'a, I>(iterator: I) -> Vec<Box<dyn A + 'a>>
where
I: IntoIterator,
I::Item: A + 'a,
{
iterator
.into_iter()
.map(|a| Box::new(a) as Box<dyn A>)
.collect()
}
[直接返回
Box::new
]有何不同?
您不需要在函数中进行显式强制转换的原因是块的最后一个语句是强制站点,并且强制在这些站点上隐式发生。有关详细信息,请参阅the chapter on coercions in the nomicon。