Question

使用Apache httpd 2.2，可以设置反向代理并使用mod_deflate压缩代理内容，尊重Accept-Encoding: gzip标头。

此配置足以使其正常工作：

    LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
    LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so
    SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

    LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
    LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPass        /tomcat http://localhost:8880/
    ProxyPassReverse /tomcat http://localhost:8880/
    ProxyPass        /other  http://localhost:8001/
    ProxyPassReverse /other  http://localhost:8001/

现在升级到2.4（Windows上为2.4.29）后，接受相同的配置，它确实压缩了DocumentRoot提供的静态内容。但是，当通过ProxyPass检索时，相同的内容将以未压缩的形式返回。

我知道我可以配置Tomcat来进行压缩，但是还有其他服务器只是忽略了Accept-Encoding标头。

如何设置反向代理，并压缩代理内容？

修改

以下是返回的标头，证明代理内容未被2.4服务器压缩：

----- Retrieving uncompressed from DocumentRoot ---------------------------------

C:\Temp>curl -I http://localhost/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Win64) OpenSSL/1.1.0g
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
ETag: "75441-5620701eb471c"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 480321
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Type: text/plain

----- The same from Tomcat ------------------------------------------------------

C:\Temp>curl -I http://localhost:8880/rr/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Accept-Ranges: bytes
ETag: W/"480321-1515157120042"
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Length: 480321
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT

----- 2.4.29: Retrieving compressed from DocumentRoot ---------------------------

C:\Temp>curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip" http://localhost/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Win64) OpenSSL/1.1.0g
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
ETag: "75441-5620701eb471c-gzip"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 48265
Content-Type: text/plain

----- 2.4.29: Not getting any compression for proxied Tomcat content ------------

C:\Temp>curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip" http://localhost/tomcat/rr/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Accept-Ranges: bytes
ETag: W/"480321-1515157120042"
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Length: 480321

----- 2.2.14: Retrieving compressed from DocumentRoot ---------------------------

C:\Temp>curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip" http://localhost:81/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32)
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
ETag: "90000000e7463-75441-5620701eb471c"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 48265
Content-Type: text/plain

----- 2.2.14: Proxied Tomcat content comes compressed ---------------------------

C:\Temp>curl -I -H "Accept-Encoding: gzip" http://localhost:81/tomcat/rr/test.txt 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:11:59 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Accept-Ranges: bytes
ETag: W/"480321-1515157120042"
Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Jan 2018 12:58:40 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 20

所有这些都是在从ApacheHaus下载的普通2.4.29安装上测试的。以上配置已添加到httpd.conf中，没有其他任何更改。这同样适用于2.2.14安装（2009年从Apache下载），但另一个更改为端口81.

Answer 1

我设法重现您描述的curl + apache/tomcat行为

这就是我复制它的方式（OS X El Capitan）：

<强> Tomcat的：

docker run -it --rm -p 8880:8080 tomcat:6.0

<强>的Apache

httpd -v

Server version: Apache/2.4.18 (Unix)
Server built:   Feb 20 2016 20:03:19

httpd -l
Compiled in modules:
  core.c
  mod_so.c
  http_core.c
  prefork.c

Apache配置（完整）：

Listen 80                                                                       

LoadModule authz_user_module libexec/apache2/mod_authz_user.so                  
LoadModule authz_core_module libexec/apache2/mod_authz_core.so                  
LoadModule access_compat_module libexec/apache2/mod_access_compat.so            
LoadModule filter_module libexec/apache2/mod_filter.so                          
LoadModule deflate_module libexec/apache2/mod_deflate.so                        
LoadModule mime_module libexec/apache2/mod_mime.so                              
LoadModule log_config_module libexec/apache2/mod_log_config.so                  
LoadModule headers_module libexec/apache2/mod_headers.so                        
LoadModule version_module libexec/apache2/mod_version.so                        
LoadModule proxy_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy.so                            
LoadModule proxy_http_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy_http.so                  
LoadModule unixd_module libexec/apache2/mod_unixd.so                            

<IfModule unixd_module>                                                         
User _www                                                                       
Group _www                                                                      

</IfModule>                                                                     

<IfModule mime_module>                                                          
    TypesConfig /private/etc/apache2/mime.types                                 
</IfModule>                                                                     

LogLevel debug                                                                  

<IfModule log_config_module>                                                    
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common                                

    <IfModule logio_module>                                                     
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O                         
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>                                                                 
    CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/access_log" common                      
</IfModule>                                                                     

ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/error_log"                                   
TraceEnable off                                                                 

SetOutputFilter  DEFLATE                                                        

ProxyRequests    Off                                                            
ProxyPass        /tomcat http://localhost:8880/                                 
ProxyPassReverse /tomcat http://localhost:8880/                                 
ProxyPass        /other  http://localhost:8001/                                 
ProxyPassReverse /other  http://localhost:8001/                                 
DocumentRoot    /Library/WebServer/Documents

检查

curl -I -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'  'http://localhost/tomcat' 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 13 Jan 2018 13:35:14 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Accept-Ranges: bytes
ETag: W/"7454-1491118183000"
Last-Modified: Sun, 02 Apr 2017 07:29:43 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 7454

curl -I -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'  'http://localhost/index.html.en' 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 13 Jan 2018 13:35:25 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.18 (Unix)
Last-Modified: Tue, 09 Jan 2018 04:51:20 GMT
ETag: "45-56250aa712200-gzip"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 65
Content-Type: text/html

如您所见，输出与您的示例非常匹配

这是有趣的部分

如果我使用常规 GET 请求而不是 HEAD （通过浏览器或curl没有 -I ）tomcat的响应DOES GETS GZIPPED

curl -D - -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'  'http://localhost/tomcat' 2>/dev/null | strings
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 13 Jan 2018 13:37:19 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Accept-Ranges: bytes
ETag: W/"7454-1491118183000-gzip"
Last-Modified: Sun, 02 Apr 2017 07:29:43 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 2526
(some junk)

不知道为什么会发生这种情况，看起来像Apache的+ mod_proxy / defate HEAD 请求上的错误行为。如果你说它在Apache 2.2中没问题，我想它可能与某种方式有关adjustment

mod_deflate will now skip compression if it knows that the size overhead added by the compression is larger than the data to be compressed.

因此，我会检查您的案例中 GET 请求是否仍然存在问题。如果是 - 请提供有关您的设置的更多详细信息，以便您的环境可以100％复制 - 用于apache和tomcat的有效Dockerfile以隔离可能的环境差异将是正常的

Answer 2

您正在curl中发送带有-I标志的HTTP HEAD请求。正如ffeast的回答所暗示的那样，这可能是问题的原因。

如果情况确实如此，那么它就是一个错误或有意无视HTTP RFC：https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-9.4

9.4 HEAD

HEAD方法与GET相同，只是服务器不能   在响应中返回一个消息体。元信息包含
  在HTTP头中响应HEAD请求应该是相同的   响应GET请求而发送的信息。

如果是这样，您应该通过此过程将此报告为可能的错误：https://httpd.apache.org/bug_report.html

Apache httpd 2.4反向代理不压缩

2 个答案:

检查

这是有趣的部分