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Question

有这样的事情：

keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"

如何获得如下字典：

dict1 = {"Name" : "Bob", "Date" : "1/3", "Time:sec" : "3:00:00", "Room" : "A1"}

删除冒号是可选的。我可以使用re.split()，.join()和map()完全删除字符串中的键，但我想创建一个字典。

Answer 1

只是一种正则表达方式......

dict(zip(keys, re.match('(.*)'.join(keys + [""]), string).groups()))

演示：

>>> if 1:
    import re
    keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
    string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"
    dict(zip(keys, re.match('(.*)'.join(keys + [""]), string).groups()))

{'Name:': 'Bob', 'Date:': '1/3', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00', 'Room': 'A1'}

Answer 2

鉴于您的意见：

keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"

您可以使用保留拆分键本身的正则表达式拆分它，例如：

split = re.split('({})'.format('|'.join(re.escape(k) for k in keys)), string)
# ['', 'Name:', 'Bob', 'Date:', '1/3', 'Time:sec:', '3:00:00', 'Room', 'A1']

然后，使用dict来压缩相应的切片（我们从1开始，因为前导空匹配），例如：

dct = dict(zip(split[1::2], split[2::2]))
# {'Date:': '1/3', 'Name:': 'Bob', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00', 'Room': 'A1'}

Answer 3

在循环中使用.split()：

keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
s = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"

values = []
temp = s.split(keys[0])[-1]
for key in keys[1:]:
    val, temp = temp.split(key)
    values.append(val)
values.append(temp)

dict1 = dict(zip(keys, values))
print(dict1)

输出：

{'Name:': 'Bob', 'Date:': '1/3', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00', 'Room': 'A1'}

Answer 4

一线方法，

In [40]: dict(zip(keys,[string.split(j)[-1].split(keys[-1])[0] if i == (len(keys) - 1) else string.split(j)[-1].split(keys[i+1])[0] for i,j in enumerate(keys)]))
Out[40]: {'Date:': '1/3', 'Name:': 'Bob', 'Room': 'A1', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00'}

我知道这是非常复杂的方法:)，只是为了显示不同的答案选项。

Answer 5

我们可以用rowbreak替换字符串中的键（要拆分的东西）。然后执行一个字典（zip（...

keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"

for key in keys:
    string = string.replace(key,"\n")

d = dict(zip(keys,string.split('\n')[1:])) # 1: to handle first row break

d等于：

{'Date:': '1/3', 'Name:': 'Bob', 'Room': 'A1', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00'}

Answer 6

你可以试试这个：

import re
keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]
string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"
new_data = dict(zip(map(lambda x:x[:-1], keys), filter(None, re.split('\*', re.sub('|'.join(keys), '*', string)))))

输出：

{'Date': '1/3', 'Time:sec': '3:00:00', 'Name': 'Bob', 'Roo': 'A1'}

Answer 7

这是我寻找答案的旅程

In [17]: import re

In [18]: keys = ["Name:", "Date:", "Time:sec:", "Room"]

In [19]: string = "Name:BobDate:1/3Time:sec:3:00:00RoomA1"

In [20]: separators = '|'.join(keys)

In [21]: separators
Out[21]: 'Name:|Date:|Time:sec:|Room'

In [22]: re.split(separators, string)
Out[22]: ['', 'Bob', '1/3', '3:00:00', 'A1']

In [23]: re.split(separators, string)[1:]
Out[23]: ['Bob', '1/3', '3:00:00', 'A1']

In [24]: values = re.split(separators, string)[1:]

In [25]: dict(zip(keys, values))
Out[25]: {'Date:': '1/3', 'Name:': 'Bob', 'Room': 'A1', 'Time:sec:': '3:00:00'}

In [26]: dict1 = dict(zip(keys, values))

注释

第20,21行：稍后在re.split中创建要使用的分隔符列表。管道符号（|）表示＆＃34; 或＆＃34;在正则表达式
第22行：使用此分隔符列表拆分字符串。我们几乎得到了我们想要的东西，除了第一个空白元素
第23行修复了第一个空白元素
第24行，我们将结果分配给值，以便稍后用于构建字典
第25,26行：构造该字典并分配给dict1

Python - 使用包含键的列表从字符串

7 个答案:

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