我正在寻找获取两条信息的方法:
我知道您可以使用$0
来获取文件名,但是Perl原生的任何其他保留变量是否会为我提供我想要的内容?
我宁愿不使用任何特殊模块,但如果这是唯一的方法,那就这样吧。
答案 0 :(得分:7)
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Cwd ();
use FindBin ();
use File::Spec ();
my $full_path = File::Spec->catfile( $FindBin::Bin, $FindBin::Script );
my $executed_from_path = Cwd::getcwd();
print <<OUTPUT;
Full path to script: $full_path
Executed from path: $executed_from_path
OUTPUT
示例输出(脚本保存为/tmp/test.pl
):
alanhaggai@love:/usr/share$ /tmp/test.pl
Full path to script: /tmp/test.pl
Executed from path: /usr/share
答案 1 :(得分:3)
use File::Spec;
print File::Spec->rel2abs($0);
打印脚本的完整路径,包括您想要的文件名。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
PWD
环境变量包含当前工作目录,该目录应该是脚本执行的路径。
您可以使用$ENV{PWD}
和$0
修改:提供示例代码,因为有些人很难相信这是可能的:
我可能没有抓住所有可能的情况,但这应该非常接近:
use strict;
use warnings;
print "PWD: $ENV{PWD}\n";
print "\$0: $0\n";
my $bin = $0;
my $bin_path;
$bin =~ s#^\./##; # removing leading ./ (if any)
# executed from working directory
if ($bin !~ m#^/|\.\./#) {
$bin_path = "$ENV{PWD}/$bin";
}
# executed with full path name
elsif ($bin =~ m#^/#) {
$bin_path = $0;
}
# executed from relative path
else {
my @bin_path = split m#/#, $bin;
my @full_path = split m#/#, $ENV{PWD};
for (@bin_path) {
next if $_ eq ".";
($_ eq "..") ? pop @full_path : push @full_path, $_;
}
$bin_path = join("/", @full_path);
}
print "Script Path: $bin_path\n";
测试运行的输出:
PWD: /tmp
$0: ../home/cmatheson/test.pl
Script Path: /home/cmatheson/test.pl
PWD: /home/cam
$0: ./test.pl
Script Path: /home/cam/test.pl
PWD: /usr/local
$0: /home/cam/test.pl
Script Path: /home/cam/test.pl
PWD: /home/cam/Desktop/foo
$0: ../../src/./git-1.7.3.2/../../test.pl
Script Path: /home/cam/test.pl
答案 3 :(得分:2)
这可以使用内置的$ FindBin :: Bin变量(参见perldoc FindBin):
use FindBin;
use File::Spec;
print "the location of my script is: ", $FindBin::Bin, "\n";
print "the basename of my script is: ", $FindBin::Script, "\n";
print "the full path (symlinks resolved) of my script is: ", File::Spec->catfile($FindBin::RealBin, $FindBin::RealScript), "\n";
答案 4 :(得分:2)
对于也处理符号链接的解决方案,
use Cwd qw( realpath );
use File::Basename qw( dirname );
# Look for modules in the same dir as the script.
use lib dirname(realpath($0));
答案 5 :(得分:1)
你问过特殊的Perl内容,没有人提到__FILE__
。检查perldata以及更多内容。当我有一个相关的文件/脚本/模块子树时,我经常使用这个习语 -
use Path::Class qw( file );
use File::Spec;
my $self_file = file( File::Spec->rel2abs(__FILE__) );
print
" Full path: $self_file", $/,
"Parent dir: ", $self_file->parent, $/,
" Just name: ", $self_file->basename, $/;
答案 6 :(得分:0)
您可以使用核心Cwd
模块获取执行脚本的目录,使用核心File::Spec
模块查找脚本的完整路径:
#!perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Cwd;
use File::Spec;
my $dir = getcwd();
print "Dir: $dir\n";
print "Script: " . File::Spec->rel2abs($0) . "\n";