Question

我刚买了一本关于用Python编写圣诞节的孩子的书。我很高兴使用它并立即下载应用程序。该书说使用此代码导入Turtle：

//function to get the user's choice
const getUserChoice = userInput => {
    userInput =
        userInput.toLowerCase();
    //if stmt to make sure input is valid
    if (userInput === 'rock' || 'scissors' || 'paper') {
        return userInput;
    } else {
        console.log('Invalid selection');
    }//end else
}//end getUserChoice function


//function to get computer choice
const getComputerChoice = () => {
    Math.floor(Math.random() * 3);
    //switch case to verify & return result
    switch (getComputerChoice) {
        case 0:
            return 'rock';
            break;
        case 1:
            return 'paper';
            break;
        case 2:
            return 'scissors';
            break;
        default:
            console.log('Invalid');
            break;
    }//end switch 
}//end getComputerChoice

//function to determine the winner
const determineWinner = (userChoice, computerChoice) => {
    if (userChoice === computerChoice) {
        return 'The game is a tie';
    }


    if (userChoice === 'rock') {
        if (computerChoice === 'paper') { return 'You Won!'; }
    } // end userchoice is rock



    if (userChoice === 'paper') {
        if (computerChoice === 'scissors') {
            return 'The computer won!';
        } else {
            return 'You won!';
        }
    } // end userchoice is paper


    if (userChoice === 'scissors') {
        if (computerChoice === 'rock') {
            return 'The computer won!';
        } else {
            return 'You won!';
        }
    } //end userchoice is scissors

}//end winner function


//function to play the game
const playGame = () => {
    const userChoice = getUserChoice('rock');
    const computerChoice = getComputerChoice();
    console.log('You threw: ' + userChoice);
    console.log('The computer threw: ' + computerChoice);

    //call funtion to determine winner
    console.log(determineWinner(userChoice, computerChoice));
}//end playGame


//function calls
playGame();

然后它说要创建一个画布：

>>> import turtle

出现此错误消息。

>>> t = turtle.Pen ()

这是什么意思？我如何获得Turtle的画布？

Answer 1

使用

# load the turtle module
import turtle

# the imported module turtle has a Turtle() that moves around 
# give your turtle a name so you can refer to turtle.Turtle() by the shorter name
# tim (i.e.)
tim = turtle.Turtle()

# Move tim
tim.forward(50)

# end turtling
turtle.done()

tim（turtle.Turtle()）可以执行更多操作，此页面包含有关海龟，其方法和一些示例的信息：https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html

Answer 2

导入乌龟之后，你想输入一个变量名，即通过该变量调用乌龟。

语法：

import turtle
your_variable_name = turtle.Turtle()

之后，你想进入乌龟。

your_variable_name.pencolor('blue')

Answer 3

你所做的事实上正确，尽管有评论和其他答案：

>>> import turtle
>>> t = turtle.Pen ()

例如：

> python3
Python 3.6.0 (v3.6.0:41df79263a11, Dec 22 2016, 17:23:13) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import turtle
>>> t = turtle.Pen()
>>> t
<turtle.Turtle object at 0x101ca4ac8>
>>> ^D

问题是，为什么你不起作用？我最初的猜测是你在你的工作目录上创建了一个名为turtle.py的文件 - 如果这样重命名或删除它并再试一次。否则，当您import turtle时，Python会找到您的turtle.py文件而不是Python库turtle.py文件。如果情况并非如此：

我的第二个猜测是你正在使用一个有限的Python环境来实现它自己的乌龟子集。例如，https://trinket.io/turtle上使用乌龟的在线编码使用Pen()无法工作的子集，但Turtle()（它在标准海龟库中的别名）工作得很好。因此，请尝试Turtle()而不是Pen()

Python有问题获得Turtle的画布

3 个答案: