执行命令“rpush start”时，我收到错误“未初始化的常量Process :: RLIMIT_NOFILE（NameError）”。
我正在尝试在rails windows上的ruby中使用rpush实现推送通知，但无法做到这一点。 我在轨道上的红宝石上很初学。 请帮忙。 提到我的persistant.rb文件
require 'net/http'
require 'uri'
require 'cgi' # for escaping
require 'connection_pool'
begin
require 'net/http/pipeline'
rescue LoadError
end
autoload :OpenSSL, 'openssl'
class Net::HTTP::Persistent
##
# The beginning of Time
EPOCH = Time.at 0 # :nodoc:
##
# Is OpenSSL available? This test works with autoload
HAVE_OPENSSL = defined? OpenSSL::SSL # :nodoc:
##
# The default connection pool size is 1/4 the allowed open files.
DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE = Process.getrlimit(Process::RLIMIT_NOFILE).first / 4
##
# The version of Net::HTTP::Persistent you are using
VERSION = '3.0.0'
##
# Exceptions rescued for automatic retry on ruby 2.0.0. This overlaps with
# the exception list for ruby 1.x.
RETRIED_EXCEPTIONS = [ # :nodoc:
(Net::ReadTimeout if Net.const_defined? :ReadTimeout),
IOError,
EOFError,
Errno::ECONNRESET,
Errno::ECONNABORTED,
Errno::EPIPE,
(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError if HAVE_OPENSSL),
Timeout::Error,
].compact
##
# Error class for errors raised by Net::HTTP::Persistent. Various
# SystemCallErrors are re-raised with a human-readable message under this
# class.
class Error < StandardError; end
##
# Use this method to detect the idle timeout of the host at +uri+. The
# value returned can be used to configure #idle_timeout. +max+ controls the
# maximum idle timeout to detect.
#
# After
#
# Idle timeout detection is performed by creating a connection then
# performing a HEAD request in a loop until the connection terminates
# waiting one additional second per loop.
#
# NOTE: This may not work on ruby > 1.9.
def self.detect_idle_timeout uri, max = 10
uri = URI uri unless URI::Generic === uri
uri += '/'
req = Net::HTTP::Head.new uri.request_uri
http = new 'net-http-persistent detect_idle_timeout'
http.connection_for uri do |connection|
sleep_time = 0
http = connection.http
loop do
response = http.request req
$stderr.puts "HEAD #{uri} => #{response.code}" if $DEBUG
unless Net::HTTPOK === response then
raise Error, "bad response code #{response.code} detecting idle timeout"
end
break if sleep_time >= max
sleep_time += 1
$stderr.puts "sleeping #{sleep_time}" if $DEBUG
sleep sleep_time
end
end
rescue
# ignore StandardErrors, we've probably found the idle timeout.
ensure
return sleep_time unless $!
end
##
# This client's OpenSSL::X509::Certificate
attr_reader :certificate
##
# For Net::HTTP parity
alias cert certificate
##
# An SSL certificate authority. Setting this will set verify_mode to
# VERIFY_PEER.
attr_reader :ca_file
##
# A directory of SSL certificates to be used as certificate authorities.
# Setting this will set verify_mode to VERIFY_PEER.
attr_reader :ca_path
##
# An SSL certificate store. Setting this will override the default
# certificate store. See verify_mode for more information.
attr_reader :cert_store
##
# The ciphers allowed for SSL connections
attr_reader :ciphers
##
# Sends debug_output to this IO via Net::HTTP#set_debug_output.
#
# Never use this method in production code, it causes a serious security
# hole.
attr_accessor :debug_output
##
# Current connection generation
attr_reader :generation # :nodoc:
##
# Headers that are added to every request using Net::HTTP#add_field
attr_reader :headers
##
# Maps host:port to an HTTP version. This allows us to enable version
# specific features.
attr_reader :http_versions
##
# Maximum time an unused connection can remain idle before being
# automatically closed.
attr_accessor :idle_timeout
##
# Maximum number of requests on a connection before it is considered expired
# and automatically closed.
attr_accessor :max_requests
##
# The value sent in the Keep-Alive header. Defaults to 30. Not needed for
# HTTP/1.1 servers.
#
# This may not work correctly for HTTP/1.0 servers
#
# This method may be removed in a future version as RFC 2616 does not
# require this header.
attr_accessor :keep_alive
##
# A name for this connection. Allows you to keep your connections apart
# from everybody else's.
attr_reader :name
##
# Seconds to wait until a connection is opened. See Net::HTTP#open_timeout
attr_accessor :open_timeout
##
# Headers that are added to every request using Net::HTTP#[]=
attr_reader :override_headers
##
# This client's SSL private key
attr_reader :private_key
##
# For Net::HTTP parity
alias key private_key
##
# The URL through which requests will be proxied
attr_reader :proxy_uri
##
# List of host suffixes which will not be proxied
attr_reader :no_proxy
##
# Test-only accessor for the connection pool
attr_reader :pool # :nodoc:
##
# Seconds to wait until reading one block. See Net::HTTP#read_timeout
attr_accessor :read_timeout
##
# By default SSL sessions are reused to avoid extra SSL handshakes. Set
# this to false if you have problems communicating with an HTTPS server
# like:
#
# SSL_connect [...] read finished A: unexpected message (OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError)
attr_accessor :reuse_ssl_sessions
##
# An array of options for Socket#setsockopt.
#
# By default the TCP_NODELAY option is set on sockets.
#
# To set additional options append them to this array:
#
# http.socket_options << [Socket::SOL_SOCKET, Socket::SO_KEEPALIVE, 1]
attr_reader :socket_options
##
# Current SSL connection generation
attr_reader :ssl_generation # :nodoc:
##
# SSL session lifetime
attr_reader :ssl_timeout
##
# SSL version to use.
#
# By default, the version will be negotiated automatically between client
# and server. Ruby 1.9 and newer only.
attr_reader :ssl_version
##
# Where this instance's last-use times live in the thread local variables
attr_reader :timeout_key # :nodoc:
##
# SSL verification callback. Used when ca_file or ca_path is set.
attr_reader :verify_callback
##
# Sets the depth of SSL certificate verification
attr_reader :verify_depth
##
# HTTPS verify mode. Defaults to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER which verifies
# the server certificate.
#
# If no ca_file, ca_path or cert_store is set the default system certificate
# store is used.
#
# You can use +verify_mode+ to override any default values.
attr_reader :verify_mode
##
# Enable retries of non-idempotent requests that change data (e.g. POST
# requests) when the server has disconnected.
#
# This will in the worst case lead to multiple requests with the same data,
# but it may be useful for some applications. Take care when enabling
# this option to ensure it is safe to POST or perform other non-idempotent
# requests to the server.
attr_accessor :retry_change_requests
##
# Creates a new Net::HTTP::Persistent.
#
# Set +name+ to keep your connections apart from everybody else's. Not
# required currently, but highly recommended. Your library name should be
# good enough. This parameter will be required in a future version.
#
# +proxy+ may be set to a URI::HTTP or :ENV to pick up proxy options from
# the environment. See proxy_from_env for details.
#
# In order to use a URI for the proxy you may need to do some extra work
# beyond URI parsing if the proxy requires a password:
#
# proxy = URI 'http://proxy.example'
# proxy.user = 'AzureDiamond'
# proxy.password = 'hunter2'
#
# Set +pool_size+ to limit the maximum number of connections allowed.
# Defaults to 1/4 the number of allowed file handles. You can have no more
# than this many threads with active HTTP transactions.
def initialize name: nil, proxy: nil, pool_size: DEFAULT_POOL_SIZE
@name = name
@debug_output = nil
@proxy_uri = nil
@no_proxy = []
@headers = {}
@override_headers = {}
@http_versions = {}
@keep_alive = 30
@open_timeout = nil
@read_timeout = nil
@idle_timeout = 5
@max_requests = nil
@socket_options = []
@ssl_generation = 0 # incremented when SSL session variables change
@socket_options << [Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, Socket::TCP_NODELAY, 1] if
Socket.const_defined? :TCP_NODELAY
@pool = Net::HTTP::Persistent::Pool.new size: pool_size do |http_args|
Net::HTTP::Persistent::Connection.new Net::HTTP, http_args, @ssl_generation
end
@certificate = nil
@ca_file = nil
@ca_path = nil
@ciphers = nil
@private_key = nil
@ssl_timeout = nil
@ssl_version = nil
@verify_callback = nil
@verify_depth = nil
@verify_mode = nil
@cert_store = nil
@generation = 0 # incremented when proxy URI changes
if HAVE_OPENSSL then
@verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
@reuse_ssl_sessions = OpenSSL::SSL.const_defined? :Session
end
@retry_change_requests = false
self.proxy = proxy if proxy
end
##
# Sets this client's OpenSSL::X509::Certificate
def certificate= certificate
@certificate = certificate
reconnect_ssl
end
# For Net::HTTP parity
alias cert= certificate=
##
# Sets the SSL certificate authority file.
def ca_file= file
@ca_file = file
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Sets the SSL certificate authority path.
def ca_path= path
@ca_path = path
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Overrides the default SSL certificate store used for verifying
# connections.
def cert_store= store
@cert_store = store
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# The ciphers allowed for SSL connections
def ciphers= ciphers
@ciphers = ciphers
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Creates a new connection for +uri+
def connection_for uri
use_ssl = uri.scheme.downcase == 'https'
net_http_args = [uri.host, uri.port]
net_http_args.concat @proxy_args if
@proxy_uri and not proxy_bypass? uri.host, uri.port
connection = @pool.checkout net_http_args
http = connection.http
connection.ressl @ssl_generation if
connection.ssl_generation != @ssl_generation
if not http.started? then
ssl http if use_ssl
start http
elsif expired? connection then
reset connection
end
http.read_timeout = @read_timeout if @read_timeout
http.keep_alive_timeout = @idle_timeout if @idle_timeout
return yield connection
rescue Errno::ECONNREFUSED
address = http.proxy_address || http.address
port = http.proxy_port || http.port
raise Error, "connection refused: #{address}:#{port}"
rescue Errno::EHOSTDOWN
address = http.proxy_address || http.address
port = http.proxy_port || http.port
raise Error, "host down: #{address}:#{port}"
ensure
@pool.checkin net_http_args
end
##
# Returns an error message containing the number of requests performed on
# this connection
def error_message connection
connection.requests -= 1 # fixup
age = Time.now - connection.last_use
"after #{connection.requests} requests on #{connection.http.object_id}, " \
"last used #{age} seconds ago"
end
##
# URI::escape wrapper
def escape str
CGI.escape str if str
end
##
# URI::unescape wrapper
def unescape str
CGI.unescape str if str
end
##
# Returns true if the connection should be reset due to an idle timeout, or
# maximum request count, false otherwise.
def expired? connection
return true if @max_requests && connection.requests >= @max_requests
return false unless @idle_timeout
return true if @idle_timeout.zero?
Time.now - connection.last_use > @idle_timeout
end
##
# Starts the Net::HTTP +connection+
def start http
http.set_debug_output @debug_output if @debug_output
http.open_timeout = @open_timeout if @open_timeout
http.start
socket = http.instance_variable_get :@socket
if socket then # for fakeweb
@socket_options.each do |option|
socket.io.setsockopt(*option)
end
end
end
##
# Finishes the Net::HTTP +connection+
def finish connection
connection.finish
connection.http.instance_variable_set :@ssl_session, nil unless
@reuse_ssl_sessions
end
##
# Returns the HTTP protocol version for +uri+
def http_version uri
@http_versions["#{uri.host}:#{uri.port}"]
end
##
# Is +req+ idempotent according to RFC 2616?
def idempotent? req
case req
when Net::HTTP::Delete, Net::HTTP::Get, Net::HTTP::Head,
Net::HTTP::Options, Net::HTTP::Put, Net::HTTP::Trace then
true
end
end
##
# Is the request +req+ idempotent or is retry_change_requests allowed.
def can_retry? req
@retry_change_requests && !idempotent?(req)
end
##
# Adds "http://" to the String +uri+ if it is missing.
def normalize_uri uri
(uri =~ /^https?:/) ? uri : "http://#{uri}"
end
##
# Pipelines +requests+ to the HTTP server at +uri+ yielding responses if a
# block is given. Returns all responses recieved.
#
# See
# Net::HTTP::Pipeline[http://docs.seattlerb.org/net-http-pipeline/Net/HTTP/Pipeline.html]
# for further details.
#
# Only if <tt>net-http-pipeline</tt> was required before
# <tt>net-http-persistent</tt> #pipeline will be present.
def pipeline uri, requests, &block # :yields: responses
connection_for uri do |connection|
connection.http.pipeline requests, &block
end
end
##
# Sets this client's SSL private key
def private_key= key
@private_key = key
reconnect_ssl
end
# For Net::HTTP parity
alias key= private_key=
##
# Sets the proxy server. The +proxy+ may be the URI of the proxy server,
# the symbol +:ENV+ which will read the proxy from the environment or nil to
# disable use of a proxy. See #proxy_from_env for details on setting the
# proxy from the environment.
#
# If the proxy URI is set after requests have been made, the next request
# will shut-down and re-open all connections.
#
# The +no_proxy+ query parameter can be used to specify hosts which shouldn't
# be reached via proxy; if set it should be a comma separated list of
# hostname suffixes, optionally with +:port+ appended, for example
# <tt>example.com,some.host:8080</tt>.
def proxy= proxy
@proxy_uri = case proxy
when :ENV then proxy_from_env
when URI::HTTP then proxy
when nil then # ignore
else raise ArgumentError, 'proxy must be :ENV or a URI::HTTP'
end
@no_proxy.clear
if @proxy_uri then
@proxy_args = [
@proxy_uri.host,
@proxy_uri.port,
unescape(@proxy_uri.user),
unescape(@proxy_uri.password),
]
@proxy_connection_id = [nil, *@proxy_args].join ':'
if @proxy_uri.query then
@no_proxy = CGI.parse(@proxy_uri.query)['no_proxy'].join(',').downcase.split(',').map { |x| x.strip }.reject { |x| x.empty? }
end
end
reconnect
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Creates a URI for an HTTP proxy server from ENV variables.
#
# If +HTTP_PROXY+ is set a proxy will be returned.
#
# If +HTTP_PROXY_USER+ or +HTTP_PROXY_PASS+ are set the URI is given the
# indicated user and password unless HTTP_PROXY contains either of these in
# the URI.
#
# The +NO_PROXY+ ENV variable can be used to specify hosts which shouldn't
# be reached via proxy; if set it should be a comma separated list of
# hostname suffixes, optionally with +:port+ appended, for example
# <tt>example.com,some.host:8080</tt>. When set to <tt>*</tt> no proxy will
# be returned.
#
# For Windows users, lowercase ENV variables are preferred over uppercase ENV
# variables.
def proxy_from_env
env_proxy = ENV['http_proxy'] || ENV['HTTP_PROXY']
return nil if env_proxy.nil? or env_proxy.empty?
uri = URI normalize_uri env_proxy
env_no_proxy = ENV['no_proxy'] || ENV['NO_PROXY']
# '*' is special case for always bypass
return nil if env_no_proxy == '*'
if env_no_proxy then
uri.query = "no_proxy=#{escape(env_no_proxy)}"
end
unless uri.user or uri.password then
uri.user = escape ENV['http_proxy_user'] || ENV['HTTP_PROXY_USER']
uri.password = escape ENV['http_proxy_pass'] || ENV['HTTP_PROXY_PASS']
end
uri
end
##
# Returns true when proxy should by bypassed for host.
def proxy_bypass? host, port
host = host.downcase
host_port = [host, port].join ':'
@no_proxy.each do |name|
return true if host[-name.length, name.length] == name or
host_port[-name.length, name.length] == name
end
false
end
##
# Forces reconnection of HTTP connections.
def reconnect
@generation += 1
end
##
# Forces reconnection of SSL connections.
def reconnect_ssl
@ssl_generation += 1
end
##
# Finishes then restarts the Net::HTTP +connection+
def reset connection
http = connection.http
finish connection
start http
rescue Errno::ECONNREFUSED
e = Error.new "connection refused: #{http.address}:#{http.port}"
e.set_backtrace $@
raise e
rescue Errno::EHOSTDOWN
e = Error.new "host down: #{http.address}:#{http.port}"
e.set_backtrace $@
raise e
end
##
# Makes a request on +uri+. If +req+ is nil a Net::HTTP::Get is performed
# against +uri+.
#
# If a block is passed #request behaves like Net::HTTP#request (the body of
# the response will not have been read).
#
# +req+ must be a Net::HTTPRequest subclass (see Net::HTTP for a list).
#
# If there is an error and the request is idempotent according to RFC 2616
# it will be retried automatically.
def request uri, req = nil, &block
retried = false
bad_response = false
uri = URI uri
req = request_setup req || uri
response = nil
connection_for uri do |connection|
http = connection.http
begin
connection.requests += 1
response = http.request req, &block
if req.connection_close? or
(response.http_version <= '1.0' and
not response.connection_keep_alive?) or
response.connection_close? then
finish connection
end
rescue Net::HTTPBadResponse => e
message = error_message connection
finish connection
raise Error, "too many bad responses #{message}" if
bad_response or not can_retry? req
bad_response = true
retry
rescue *RETRIED_EXCEPTIONS => e
request_failed e, req, connection if
retried or not can_retry? req
reset connection
retried = true
retry
rescue Errno::EINVAL, Errno::ETIMEDOUT => e # not retried on ruby 2
request_failed e, req, connection if retried or not can_retry? req
reset connection
retried = true
retry
rescue Exception => e
finish connection
raise
ensure
connection.last_use = Time.now
end
end
@http_versions["#{uri.host}:#{uri.port}"] ||= response.http_version
response
end
##
# Raises an Error for +exception+ which resulted from attempting the request
# +req+ on the +connection+.
#
# Finishes the +connection+.
def request_failed exception, req, connection # :nodoc:
due_to = "(due to #{exception.message} - #{exception.class})"
message = "too many connection resets #{due_to} #{error_message connection}"
finish connection
raise Error, message, exception.backtrace
end
##
# Creates a GET request if +req_or_uri+ is a URI and adds headers to the
# request.
#
# Returns the request.
def request_setup req_or_uri # :nodoc:
req = if URI === req_or_uri then
Net::HTTP::Get.new req_or_uri.request_uri
else
req_or_uri
end
@headers.each do |pair|
req.add_field(*pair)
end
@override_headers.each do |name, value|
req[name] = value
end
unless req['Connection'] then
req.add_field 'Connection', 'keep-alive'
req.add_field 'Keep-Alive', @keep_alive
end
req
end
##
# Shuts down all connections
#
# *NOTE*: Calling shutdown for can be dangerous!
#
# If any thread is still using a connection it may cause an error! Call
# #shutdown when you are completely done making requests!
def shutdown
@pool.available.shutdown do |http|
http.finish
end
end
##
# Enables SSL on +connection+
def ssl connection
connection.use_ssl = true
connection.ciphers = @ciphers if @ciphers
connection.ssl_timeout = @ssl_timeout if @ssl_timeout
connection.ssl_version = @ssl_version if @ssl_version
connection.verify_depth = @verify_depth
connection.verify_mode = @verify_mode
if OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER == OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE and
not Object.const_defined?(:I_KNOW_THAT_OPENSSL_VERIFY_PEER_EQUALS_VERIFY_NONE_IS_WRONG) then
warn <<-WARNING
!!!SECURITY WARNING!!!
The SSL HTTP connection to:
#{connection.address}:#{connection.port}
!!!MAY NOT BE VERIFIED!!!
On your platform your OpenSSL implementation is broken.
There is no difference between the values of VERIFY_NONE and VERIFY_PEER.
This means that attempting to verify the security of SSL connections may not
work. This exposes you to man-in-the-middle exploits, snooping on the
contents of your connection and other dangers to the security of your data.
To disable this warning define the following constant at top-level in your
application:
I_KNOW_THAT_OPENSSL_VERIFY_PEER_EQUALS_VERIFY_NONE_IS_WRONG = nil
WARNING
end
connection.ca_file = @ca_file if @ca_file
connection.ca_path = @ca_path if @ca_path
if @ca_file or @ca_path then
connection.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
connection.verify_callback = @verify_callback if @verify_callback
end
if @certificate and @private_key then
connection.cert = @certificate
connection.key = @private_key
end
connection.cert_store = if @cert_store then
@cert_store
else
store = OpenSSL::X509::Store.new
store.set_default_paths
store
end
end
##
# SSL session lifetime
def ssl_timeout= ssl_timeout
@ssl_timeout = ssl_timeout
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# SSL version to use
def ssl_version= ssl_version
@ssl_version = ssl_version
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Sets the depth of SSL certificate verification
def verify_depth= verify_depth
@verify_depth = verify_depth
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# Sets the HTTPS verify mode. Defaults to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER.
#
# Setting this to VERIFY_NONE is a VERY BAD IDEA and should NEVER be used.
# Securely transfer the correct certificate and update the default
# certificate store or set the ca file instead.
def verify_mode= verify_mode
@verify_mode = verify_mode
reconnect_ssl
end
##
# SSL verification callback.
def verify_callback= callback
@verify_callback = callback
reconnect_ssl
end
end
require 'net/http/persistent/connection'
require 'net/http/persistent/pool'
答案 0 :(得分：1)
之所以发生这种情况，是由于net-http-persistent在内部使用Windows环境中不存在的常量所致。
可能的解决方案：
1）添加此行（可能在处理后出现其他错误）
Process::RLIMIT_NOFILE = 7 if Gem.win_platform?
2）将平台更改为* nix系统：
irb(main):001:0> Gem.win_platform?
=> false
irb(main):002:0> Process::RLIMIT_NOFILE
=> 7
3）等待修订PR的合并：
https://github.com/drbrain/net-http-persistent/pull/90/files