我试图创建一个C ++程序,在Windows 7的Visual Studio社区2017中使用Windows API与串行端口设备进行通信。在MSDN上运行this示例,只需更改一次 - 使用:< / p>
const wchar_t *pcCommPort = TEXT("\\.\COM16"); // Most systems have a COM1 port
而不是这个(否则它不会编译):
TCHAR *pcCommPort = TEXT("COM1"); // Most systems have a COM1 port
我收到CreateFile错误2(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)。我很不知道这里出了什么问题。
以下是代码:
#include "stdafx.h"
void PrintCommState(DCB dcb)
{
// Print some of the DCB structure values
_tprintf(TEXT("\nBaudRate = %d, ByteSize = %d, Parity = %d, StopBits = %d\n"),
dcb.BaudRate,
dcb.ByteSize,
dcb.Parity,
dcb.StopBits);
}
int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR *argv[])
{
DCB dcb;
HANDLE hCom;
BOOL fSuccess;
const wchar_t *pcCommPort = TEXT("\\.\COM16"); // Most systems have a COM1 port
// Open a handle to the specified com port.
hCom = CreateFile(pcCommPort,
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0, // must be opened with exclusive-access
NULL, // default security attributes
OPEN_EXISTING, // must use OPEN_EXISTING
0, // not overlapped I/O
NULL); // hTemplate must be NULL for comm devices
if (hCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
// Handle the error.
printf("CreateFile failed with error %d.\n", GetLastError());
system("PAUSE");
return (1);
}
// Initialize the DCB structure.
SecureZeroMemory(&dcb, sizeof(DCB));
dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(DCB);
// Build on the current configuration by first retrieving all current
// settings.
fSuccess = GetCommState(hCom, &dcb);
if (!fSuccess)
{
// Handle the error.
printf("GetCommState failed with error %d.\n", GetLastError());
return (2);
}
PrintCommState(dcb); // Output to console
// Fill in some DCB values and set the com state:
// 57,600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit.
dcb.BaudRate = CBR_9600; // baud rate
dcb.ByteSize = 8; // data size, xmit and rcv
dcb.Parity = NOPARITY; // parity bit
dcb.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT; // stop bit
fSuccess = SetCommState(hCom, &dcb);
if (!fSuccess)
{
// Handle the error.
printf("SetCommState failed with error %d.\n", GetLastError());
return (3);
}
// Get the comm config again.
fSuccess = GetCommState(hCom, &dcb);
if (!fSuccess)
{
// Handle the error.
printf("GetCommState failed with error %d.\n", GetLastError());
return (2);
}
PrintCommState(dcb); // Output to console
_tprintf(TEXT("Serial port %s successfully reconfigured.\n"), pcCommPort);
return (0);
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
有two different defines控制ANSI / Unicode字符:
#define UNICODE
控制Windows SDK API(LPTSTR
和TEXT
)
#define _UNICODE
控制C运行时间(TCHAR
,_TEXT
和_T
)
您通常不会定义任何一项或两项,如果您不必使用正确的组合:
const TCHAR* cstr = _T("Hello");
LPCTSTR winstr = TEXT("World");
您的代码的另一个问题是您使用的是TCHAR*
而不是const TCHAR*
。根据您的编译器版本和开关,文字字符串可能位于二进制文件的只读数据部分中,因此请确保该类型是指向常量字符串的指针。
如果您仍然不确定尺寸,可以这样做:
LPCTSTR x;
printf("TEXT=%d LPCTSTR=%d _T=%d TCHAR=%d\n", sizeof(TEXT("")), sizeof(*x), sizeof(_T("")), sizeof(TCHAR));
我刚刚在带有COM端口的虚拟机上进行了测试,并且普通名称工作正常:
LPCTSTR pcCommPort = TEXT("COM1");
HANDLE hCom = CreateFile(pcCommPort,
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0, // must be opened with exclusive-access
NULL, // default security attributes
OPEN_EXISTING, // must use OPEN_EXISTING
0, // not overlapped I/O
NULL); // hTemplate must be NULL for comm devices
如果您想使用COM port above 9,则必须使用Win32 device path语法:
LPCTSTR pcCommPortWin32DevicePath = TEXT("\\\\.\\COM16");
HANDLE hCom = CreateFile(pcCommPortWin32DevicePath, ...);
(MSDN描述了它应该在内存中查找的字符串,而不是代码中的字符串。您对此的线索是示例字符串中的单斜杠。这意味着您必须将所有反斜杠加倍才能获得正确的C字符串。)< / p>
答案 1 :(得分:0)
您需要在字符串文字中转义反斜杠,例如
const TCHAR *pcCommPort = TEXT("\\\\.\\COM16");