尝试构建（调试和定期）具有freeytpe扩展的Android libGdx项目（使用wiki说明[https://github.com/libgdx/libgdx/wiki/Gdx-freetype]设置）时，我收到以下错误：
任务执行失败'：android：transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'。 java.lang.RuntimeException：java.lang.RuntimeException：com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException：无法合并dex
常规版本的错误相同。 --stacktrace选项会出现以下错误：
> org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskExecutionException: Execution failed for task ':android:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'.
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:100)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:70)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:63)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:58)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:88)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:52)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker$1.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:248)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:197)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:107)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:241)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:230)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.processTask(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:124)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.access$200(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:80)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:105)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:99)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:625)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:580)
at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:99)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
at com.android.builder.dexing.DxDexArchiveMerger.mergeMonoDex(DxDexArchiveMerger.java:177)
at com.android.builder.dexing.DxDexArchiveMerger.mergeDexArchives(DxDexArchiveMerger.java:118)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DexMergerTransformCallable.call(DexMergerTransformCallable.java:97)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.ExternalLibsMergerTransform.transform(ExternalLibsMergerTransform.kt:121)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:222)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:218)
at com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:102)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.transform(TransformTask.java:213)
at org.gradle.internal.reflect.JavaMethod.invoke(JavaMethod.java:73)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.DefaultTaskClassInfoStore$IncrementalTaskAction.doExecute(DefaultTaskClassInfoStore.java:173)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.DefaultTaskClassInfoStore$StandardTaskAction.execute(DefaultTaskClassInfoStore.java:134)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.DefaultTaskClassInfoStore$StandardTaskAction.execute(DefaultTaskClassInfoStore.java:121)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter$1.run(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:122)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:197)
at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:107)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeAction(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:111)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:92)
... 27 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
at com.android.builder.dexing.DxDexArchiveMerger.lambda$mergeMonoDex$0(DxDexArchiveMerger.java:171)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
Caused by: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:72)
at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:36)
Caused by: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/badlogic/gdx/graphics/g2d/freetype/FreeType$Bitmap;
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:661)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:616)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:598)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:171)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:198)
at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:61)
... 1 more
实际错误似乎是：
多个dex文件定义Lcom / badlogic / gdx / graphics / g2d / freetype / FreeType $ Bitmap
我的Gradle文件是： 项目：
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
mavenLocal()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" }
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1'
classpath 'com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-gradle-plugin:2.3.1'
}
}
allprojects {
apply plugin: "eclipse"
apply plugin: "idea"
version = '1.0'
ext {
appName = "QuickMaze"
gdxVersion = '1.9.7'
roboVMVersion = '2.3.1'
box2DLightsVersion = '1.4'
ashleyVersion = '1.7.0'
aiVersion = '1.8.0'
}
repositories {
mavenLocal()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" }
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/releases/" }
}
}
project(":android") {
apply plugin: "android"
configurations { natives }
dependencies {
compile project(":core")
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-android:$gdxVersion"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d:$gdxVersion"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-android:$gdxVersion"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
}
}
project(":core") {
apply plugin: "java"
dependencies {
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype:$gdxVersion"
compile fileTree(dir: '../libs', include: '*.jar')
}
}
project(":desktop") {
apply plugin: "java"
dependencies {
compile project(":core")
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-lwjgl:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-desktop:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-tools:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
}
}
project(":ios") {
apply plugin: "java"
apply plugin: "robovm"
dependencies {
compile project(":core")
compile "com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-rt:$roboVMVersion"
compile "com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-cocoatouch:$roboVMVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-robovm:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
}
}
tasks.eclipse.doLast {
delete ".project"
}
的Android
android {
buildToolsVersion '26.0.2'
compileSdkVersion 26
sourceSets {
main {
manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'
java.srcDirs = ['src']
aidl.srcDirs = ['src']
renderscript.srcDirs = ['src']
res.srcDirs = ['res']
assets.srcDirs = ['assets']
jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
}
instrumentTest.setRoot('tests')
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/robovm/ios/robovm.xml'
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.psb.quickmaze"
minSdkVersion 9
targetSdkVersion 26
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
// called every time gradle gets executed, takes the native dependencies of
// the natives configuration, and extracts them to the proper libs/ folders
// so they get packed with the APK.
task copyAndroidNatives() {
file("libs/armeabi/").mkdirs();
file("libs/armeabi-v7a/").mkdirs();
file("libs/arm64-v8a/").mkdirs();
file("libs/x86_64/").mkdirs();
file("libs/x86/").mkdirs();
configurations.natives.files.each { jar ->
def outputDir = null
if(jar.name.endsWith("natives-arm64-v8a.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/arm64-v8a")
if(jar.name.endsWith("natives-armeabi-v7a.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/armeabi-v7a")
if(jar.name.endsWith("natives-armeabi.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/armeabi")
if(jar.name.endsWith("natives-x86_64.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/x86_64")
if(jar.name.endsWith("natives-x86.jar")) outputDir = file("libs/x86")
if(outputDir != null) {
copy {
from zipTree(jar)
into outputDir
include "*.so"
}
}
}
}
task run(type: Exec) {
def path
def localProperties = project.file("../local.properties")
if (localProperties.exists()) {
Properties properties = new Properties()
localProperties.withInputStream { instr ->
properties.load(instr)
}
def sdkDir = properties.getProperty('sdk.dir')
if (sdkDir) {
path = sdkDir
} else {
path = "$System.env.ANDROID_HOME"
}
} else {
path = "$System.env.ANDROID_HOME"
}
def adb = path + "/platform-tools/adb"
commandLine "$adb", 'shell', 'am', 'start', '-n', 'com.psb.quickmaze/com.psb.quickmaze.AndroidLauncher'
}
// sets up the Android Eclipse project, using the old Ant based build.
eclipse {
// need to specify Java source sets explicitly, SpringSource Gradle Eclipse plugin
// ignores any nodes added in classpath.file.withXml
sourceSets {
main {
java.srcDirs "src", 'gen'
}
}
jdt {
sourceCompatibility = 1.6
targetCompatibility = 1.6
}
classpath {
plusConfigurations += [ project.configurations.compile ]
containers 'com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ANDROID_FRAMEWORK', 'com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.LIBRARIES'
}
project {
name = appName + "-android"
natures 'com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.AndroidNature'
buildCommands.clear();
buildCommand "com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ResourceManagerBuilder"
buildCommand "com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.PreCompilerBuilder"
buildCommand "org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder"
buildCommand "com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ApkBuilder"
}
}
// sets up the Android Idea project, using the old Ant-based build.
idea {
module {
sourceDirs += file("src");
scopes = [ COMPILE: [plus:[project.configurations.compile]]]
iml {
withXml {
def node = it.asNode()
def builder = NodeBuilder.newInstance();
builder.current = node;
builder.component(name: "FacetManager") {
facet(type: "android", name: "Android") {
configuration {
option(name: "UPDATE_PROPERTY_FILES", value:"true")
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
我用： Android Studio 3.0.1 最新版本的Gradle / build-tools
我试过了： - Android Studio Gradle error “Multiple dex files define…”
-And Project-＆gt; clean
- 正如雅利安所说： 启用multidex
- 排除依赖项（这似乎是正确的路径，但它不起作用）： 新的gradle文件：
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
mavenLocal()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" }
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1'
classpath 'com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-gradle-plugin:2.3.1'
}
}
allprojects {
apply plugin: "eclipse"
apply plugin: "idea"
version = '1.0'
ext {
appName = "QuickMaze"
gdxVersion = '1.9.7'
roboVMVersion = '2.3.1'
box2DLightsVersion = '1.4'
ashleyVersion = '1.7.0'
aiVersion = '1.8.0'
}
repositories {
mavenLocal()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" }
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/releases/" }
google()
}
}
project(":android") {
apply plugin: "android"
configurations { natives }
dependencies {
compile (project(":core")){
exclude group: "com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.freetype"
exclude group: "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform"
}
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-android:$gdxVersion"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d:$gdxVersion"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-android:$gdxVersion"
/*compile ("com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype:$gdxVersion"){
exclude group "com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.freetype"
}*/
//natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi"
//natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-armeabi-v7a"
//natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-arm64-v8a"
//natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86"
//natives "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-x86_64"
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.0'
}
}
project(":core") {
apply plugin: "java"
dependencies {
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers:$gdxVersion"
//compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype:$gdxVersion"
compile fileTree(dir: '../libs', include: '*.jar')
}
}
project(":desktop") {
apply plugin: "java"
dependencies {
compile project(":core")
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-lwjgl:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-desktop:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-controllers-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
//compile ("com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-tools:$gdxVersion")
//compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-desktop"
}
}
project(":ios") {
apply plugin: "java"
apply plugin: "robovm"
dependencies {
compile project(":core")
compile "com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-rt:$roboVMVersion"
compile "com.mobidevelop.robovm:robovm-cocoatouch:$roboVMVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-backend-robovm:$gdxVersion"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-box2d-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
//compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype-platform:$gdxVersion:natives-ios"
}
}
tasks.eclipse.doLast {
delete ".project"
}
仍然依赖于android（gradlew android：dependencies）：
https://pastebin.com/FQJcr7MV （由于角色限制而移动）
- 即时运行被禁用。
注意：每次修改后都使用Gradle同步
可能出现的问题： 在进行任何构建之前，我添加了FreeType模块并更新了Android Studio;后者也可能是一个问题（不太可能）。
提前致谢
答案 0 :(得分：0)
你错过了
compile "com.badlogicgames.gdx:gdx-freetype:$gdxVersion"
在你的android依赖标签内。
libs文件夹内的内容是什么？确保您没有在项目中两次注入任何库。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这对于那些仍然困惑的人可能会有所启发：
Libgdx: More than one file was found with OS independent path 'libgdx-freetype.dylib'
shallow(<ComponentList {...props} />)