我正在尝试通过Python创建一个带有pickles的注册器系统。我已经让系统记录用户输入，但它不会保存它以用于程序的未来实现。
以下是启动该程序的代码：
import datetime
import pandas as pd
import pickle as pck
import pathlib
from pathlib import *
from registrar import *
prompt = "Please select an option: \n 1 Create a new course \n 2 Schedule a new course offering \n 3 List this school's course catalogue \n 4 List this school's course schedule \n 5 Hire an instructor \n 6 Assign an instructor to a course \n 7 Enroll a student \n 8 Register a student for a course \n 9 List this school's enrolled students \n 10 List the students that are registered for a course \n 11 Submit a student's grade \n 12 Get student records \n 13 Exit"
farewell = "Thank you for using the Universal University Registrar System. Goodbye!"
print ("Welcome to the Universal University Registration System.")
print ("\n")
try: #As long as CTRL-C has not been pressed, or 13 not been input by user.
input_invalid = True
while input_invalid:
inst = input("Please enter the name of your institution. ").strip()
domain = input("Please enter the domain. ").strip().lower()
if inst == "" or domain == "":
print("Your entry is invalid. Try again.")
else:
input_invalid = False
schoolie = Institution(inst, domain)
if Path(inst + '.pkl').exists() == False:
with open(inst + '.pkl', 'r+b') as iptschool:
schoolie = pck.load(iptschool)
while True:
print (prompt)
user_input = input("Please enter your choice: ")
try:
user_input = int(user_input)
if user_input < 1 or user_input > 14: #UserInput 14: on prompt.
raise ValueError("Please enter a number between 1 and 13, as indicated in the menu.")
except ValueError:
print("Not a valid number. Please try again.")
if user_input == 1: #Create a new course
input_invalid2 = True #Ensure that the user actually provides the input.
while input_invalid2:
input_name = input("Please enter a course name: ").strip()
input_department = input("Please enter the course's department: ").strip()
input_number = input("Please enter the course's number (just the number, not the departmental prefix): ").strip()
try:
input_number = int(input_number)
except ValueError:
print ("Please print an integer. Try again.")
input_credits = input("Please enter the number of credits awarded for passing this course. Please use an integer: ").strip()
try:
input_credits = int(input_credits)
except ValueError:
print ("Please print an integer. Try again.")
if input_name != "" and input_department != "" and input_number and input_credits:
input_invalid2 = False #Valid input
else:
print("One or more of your entries is invalid. Try again.")
added_course = Course(input_name, input_department, input_number, input_credits)
for course in schoolie.course_catalog:
if course.department == input_department and course.number == input_number and course.name == input_name:
print("That course is already in the system. Try again.")
input_invalid2 == True
if input_invalid2 == False:
schoolie.add_course(added_course)
print ("You have added course %s %s: %s, worth %d credits."%(input_department,input_number,input_name, input_credits))
这是第二个选项，它应该显示存储它，但它不存储。
elif user_input == 2: #Schedule a course offering
input_invalid2 = True #Ensure that the user actually provides the input.
while input_invalid2:
input_department = input("Please input the course's department: ").strip()
input_number = input("Please input the course's number: ").strip()
course = None
courseFound = False
for c in schoolie.course_catalog:
if c.department == input_department and c.number == input_number: #Course found in records
courseFound = True
course = c
input_section_number = input("Please enter a section number for this course offering: ").strip()
input_instructor = input("If you would like, please enter an instructor for this course offering: ").strip()
input_year = input("Please enter a year for this course offering: ").strip()
input_quarter = input("Please enter the quarter in which this course offering will be held - either SPRING, SUMMER, FALL, or WINTER: ").strip().upper()
if input_course != "" and input_course in schoolie.course_catalog and input_section_number.isdigit() and input_year.isdigit() and input_quarter in ['SPRING', 'SUMMER', 'FALL', 'WINTER'] and input_credits.isdigit():
if input_instructor != "": #Instructor to be added later, if user chooses option 6.
added_course_offering = CourseOffering(c, input_section_number, None, input_year, input_quarter)
else:
added_course_offering = CourseOffering(c, input_section_number, input_instructor, input_year, input_quarter)
schoolie.add_course_offering(added_course_offering)
input_invalid2 = False #Valid input
print ("You have added course %s, Section %d: %s, worth %d credits."%(input_course,input_section_number,input_name, input_credits))
else:
print("One or more of your entries is invalid. Try again.")
if courseFound == False: #If course has not been found at the end of the loop:
print("The course is not in our system. Please create it before you add an offering.")
break
顺便说一句，我认为我的系统正常关闭了。如果我错了，请纠正我：
elif user_input == 13: #Exit
with open(inst + '.pkl', 'wb') as output:
pck.dump(schoolie, output, pck.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
del schoolie
print (farewell)
sys.exit()
except KeyboardInterrupt: #user pushes Ctrl-C to end the program
print(farewell)
我认为我设置pickles文件的方式有问题。我正在创建它们，但我似乎没有将数据放入其中。
我为这个问题的冗长性质道歉，但我希望细节能帮助你理解我一直存在的问题。在此先感谢您的帮助！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
似乎你可能有转储和负载逆转:(来自文档）
wxWidgets答案 1 :(得分：0)
使用所有这些代码行，它确实会让人感到有些困惑，但我没有看到任何代码将pickle和对象写入文件。
在其他任何事情之前，您应该将文件分配给变量，以便您可以引用它。为此，您将拥有与此类似的代码：MyFile = open("FileName.extension","wb")。 MyFile可以是您想要的任何名称，它将是您稍后用于引用该文件的名称。 FileName是文件本身的名称。这是它在文件资源管理器中的名称。 .extension是文件的扩展名，指定文件类型。 您应该使用.dat。 wb是文件访问模式。 “w”表示写入，“b”表示二进制。 （腌制对象只能存储在二进制文件中。）
要编写pickle对象，您需要以下代码：pck.dump(object,MyFile)。 （通常，您会使用pickle.dump(object,MyFile)，但导入了pickle as pck。）
将数据写入文件后，您将需要检索它。为此，MyFile的“wb”实例需要像这样关闭：MyFile.close()。然后，您需要使用以下代码以读取模式重新打开文件：MyFile = open("FileName.extension","rb")然后您将使用此object = pickle.load(MyFile)来读取数据。在上面的示例中，（load函数），您的object 必须与使用dump函数腌制时的名称相同。 （pck.dump(object,MyFile)）
最后，你最终会得到类似的东西：
if writing conditions are true:
MyFile = open("FileName.dat","wb")
pickle.dump(object,MyFile) # This will be repeated for each object.
MyFile.close()
if reading conditions are true:
MyFile = open("FileName.dat","rb")
object = pickle.load(MyFile) # This will be repeated for each object.
MyFile.close()
如果这不是您想要的答案，我很抱歉。由于所有这些代码行，有点难以理解。我需要澄清以提供更好的答案。