根据字段将数据添加到其他表

Question

我正在尝试在tblCrater中获取我的CountryID字段，以根据我在两个表中的Country Name字段匹配tblCountry中的其他CountryID字段。这可能是一个简单的答案，但我无法在任何地方找到解决方案。我不想要临时加入，感谢您花时间协助，因为我现在是SQL的业余爱好者。

非常赞赏，如果我需要澄清更多，请告诉我。

USE master
GO
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.databases WHERE name='DeepImpact2')
DROP DATABASE DeepImpact

CREATE DATABASE DeepImpact
GO
USE DeepImpact

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'yourTABLEname' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo')
    DROP TABLE dbo.tblCountry, dbo.tblCrater;

GO

CREATE TABLE tblCountry
(
CountryID INT IDENTITY(1,1)NOT NULL,
CountryName VARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
CountryCode VARCHAR(5) NULL,
)

CREATE TABLE tblCrater
(
CraterID INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
CraterName VARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
CountryID INT NULL,
Diameter DECIMAL(8,3)NULL,
Age INT NULL,
CountryName VARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
Lattitude DECIMAL(9,6) NULL,
Longitude DECIMAL(9,6) NULL,
CraterRegion VARCHAR(MAX) NULL
)
GO
ALTER TABLE tblCountry ADD PRIMARY KEY (CountryID)
ALTER TABLE tblCrater ADD PRIMARY KEY (CraterID)
GO

ALTER TABLE tblCrater
ADD FOREIGN KEY (CountryID)
REFERENCES tblCountry (CountryID)
GO

INSERT INTO tblCrater (CraterName, CraterRegion, CountryName, Diameter, Lattitude, Longitude, Age)
VALUES
('Boxhole','Northern Territory','Australia',0.2,-22.6166666666667,135.2,-3400),
('Campo del Cielo','Chaco','Argentina',0.1,-27.6333333333333,-61.7,-2000),
('Henbury','Northern Territory','Australia',0.2,-24.5666666666667,133.133333333333,-2200),
('Kaali','Saaremaa','Estonia',0.1,58.4,22.6666666666667,-1500),
('Macha','Sakha Republic','Russia', 0.3,60.1,117.583333333333,-5300),
('Morasko','Stare Miasto','Poland',0.1, 52.4833333333333,16.9,-3000),
('Rio Cuarto','Cordoba Province','Argentina',4.5,-32.8783333333333,-64.2233333333333,-8000),
('Wabar','Rub al Khali desert','Saudi Arabia',0.1,21.5,50.4666666666667,-1800),
('Tenoumer','Sahara Desert','Mauritania',1.9,22.9166666666667,-10.4083333333333,-19000),
('Meteor Crater','Arizona','United States',1.2,35.0333333333333,-111.016666666667,-47000),
('Xiuyan','Xiuyan','China',1.8, 40.35, 123.45,-48000),
('Lonar','Maharashtra','India',1.8,19.9666666666667,76.5166666666667,-50000),
('Agoudal','Atlas Mountains','Morocco',3.0,31.9833333333333,-5.5,-103000),
('Tswaing','Pretoria Saltpan','South Africa',1.1,-25.4,28.0816666666667,-218000),
('Zhamanshin','Kazakhstan','Kazakhstan',14.0,48.4,60.9666666666667,-948000),
('Bosumtwi','Ashanti','Ghana',10.0,6.505,-1.40833333333333,-1100000),
('Elgygytgyn','Chukotka Autonomous','Russia',18.0,67.5,172,-3500000),
('Bigach','Kazakhstan','Kazakhstan',8.0,48.5666666666667,82.0166666666667,-5000000),
('Karla','Tatarstan','Russia',10.0,54.9166666666667,48.0333333333333,-5000000),
('Karakul','Pamir Mountains','Tajikistan',52.0,39.0166666666667,73.45,-5000000),
('Vredefort','Free State','South Africa',300.0,-27,27.5,-2032000000),
('Sudbury','Ontario','Canada',250.0,46.6,-81.1833333333333,-1849000000),
('Chicxulub','Yucatan','Mexico',180.0,21.3333333333333,-89.5,-66000000),
('Popigai','Siberia','Russia',100.0,71.65,111.183333333333,-35000000),
('Manicouagan','Quebec','Canada',90,51.3833333333333,-68.7,-215000000),
('Acraman South','Australia','Australia',90.0,-32.0166666666667,135.45,-580000000),
('Morokweng','Kalahari Desert','South Africa',70.0,-26.4666666666667,23.5333333333333,-145000000),
('Kara','Nenetsia','Russia',65,69.1,64.15,-70000000),
('Beaverhead','Idaho and Montana','United States',60.0,44.25,114.00,-600000000),
('Tookoonooka','Queensland','Australia',55.0,-27.1166666666667,142.833333333333,-120000000),
('Charlevoix','Quebec','Canada',54.0,47.5333333333333,-70.3,-314000000),
('Siljan Ring','Dalarna','Sweden',52.0,61.0333333333333,14.8666666666667,-377000000),
('Karakul','Pamir Mountains','Tajikistan',52.0,39.0166666666667,73.45,-15000000),
('Montagnais','Nova Scotia','Canada',45.0,42.8833333333333,-64.2166666666667,-50500000),
('Araguainha','Central Brazil','Brazil',40.0,-16.7833333333333,-52.9833333333333,-244400000),
('Chesapeake Bay','Virginia','United States',40.0,37.2833333333333,-76.0166666666667,-35000000),
('Mjølnir','Barents Sea','Norway',40.0, 3.8,29.6666666666667,-142000000),
('Puchezh-Katunki','Nizhny Novgorod Oblast','Russia',40.0,56.9666666666667,43.7166666666667,-167000000),
('Saint Martin','Manitoba','Canada',40.0,51.7833333333333,-98.5333333333333,-227000000),
('Woodleigh','Western Australia','Australia',40.0,-26.05,114.666666666667,-364000000),
('Carswell','Saskatchewan','Canada',39.0,58.45,-109.5,-115000000),
('Clearwater','West Quebec','Canada',36.0,56.2166666666667,-74.5,-290000000),
('Manson','Iowa','United States',35.0,42.5833333333333,-94.55,-74000000),
('Slate Islands','Ontario','Canada',30.0,48.6666666666667,-87.00,-450000000),
('Yarrabubba','Western','Australia',30.0,-27.1666666666667,118.833333333333,-1800000000),
('Keurusselk','Western Finland','Finland',30.0,62.1333333333333,24.6,-1450000000),
('Shoemaker','Western Australia','Australia',30.0,-25.8666666666667,120.883333333333,-1630000000),
('Mistastin','Newfoundland','Canada',28.0,55.8833333333333,-63.3,-36400000),
('Clearwater','East Quebec','Canada',26.0,56.0666666666667,-74.1,-290000000),
('Kamensk','Southern Federal Dist','Russia',25.0,48.35,40.50,-49000000),
('Steen River','Alberta','Canada',25.0,59.5,-117.633333333333,-91000000),
('Strangways','Northern Territory','Australia',25.0,-15.2,133.583333333333,-646000000),
('Tunnunik','Northwest Territories','Canada',25.0,72.4666666666667,-113.966666666667,-280000000),
('Boltysh','Kirovohrad Oblast','Ukraine',24.0,48.9,32.25,-65170000),
('Nordlinger','Ries Bavaria','Germany',24.0,48.8833333333333,10.5666666666667,-144000000),
('Presquole','Quebec','Canada',24.0,49.7166666666667,-74.8,-500000000),
('Haughton','Nunavut','Canada',23.0,75.3833333333333,-89.6666666666667,-39000000),
('Lappajorvi','Western Finland','Finland',23.0,63.2,23.7,-73300000),
('Rochechouart','France','France',23.0,45.825,0.783333333333333,-206920000),
('Gosses Bluff','Northern Territory','Australia',22.0,-23.8166666666667,132.308333333333,-142500000),
('Amelia Creek','Northern Territory','Australia',20.0,-20.9166666666667,134.833333333333,-1030000000),
('Logancha','Siberia','Russia',20.0,65.5166666666667,95.9333333333333,-40000000),
('Obolon','Poltava Oblast','Ukraine',20.0,49.5833333333333,32.9166666666667,-169000000)

INSERT INTO tblCountry (CountryName, CountryCode)
VALUES
('Afghanistan','AF'),
('Aland Islands','AX'),
('Albania','AL'),
('Algeria','DZ'),
('American Samoa','AS'),
('Andorra','AD'),
('Angola','AO'),
('Anguilla','AI'),
('Antarctica','AQ'),
('Antigua and Barbuda','AG'),
('Argentina','AR'),
('Armenia','AM'),
('Aruba','AW'),
('Australia','AU'),
('Austria','AT'),
('Azerbaijan','AZ'),
('Bahamas','BS'),
('Bahrain','BH'),
('Bangladesh','BD'),
('Barbados','BB'),
('Belarus','BY'),
('Belgium','BE'),
('Belize','BZ'),
('Benin','BJ'),
('Bermuda','BM'),
('Bhutan','BT'),
('Bolivia'', Plurinational State of','BO'),
('Bonaire'', Sint Eustatius and Saba','BQ'),
('Bosnia and Herzegovina','BA'),
('Botswana','BW'),
('Bouvet Island','BV'),
('Brazil','BR'),
('British Indian Ocean Territory','IO'),
('Brunei Darussalam','BN'),
('Bulgaria','BG'),
('Burkina Faso','BF'),
('Burundi','BI'),
('Cambodia','KH'),
('Cameroon','CM'),
('Canada','CA'),
('Cape Verde','CV'),
('Cayman Islands','KY'),
('Central African Republic','CF'),
('Chad','TD'),
('Chile','CL'),
('China','CN'),
('Christmas Island','CX'),
('Cocos (Keeling) Islands','CC'),
('Colombia','CO'),
('Comoros','KM'),
('Congo','CG'),
('Congo'', the Democratic Republic of the','CD'),
('Cook Islands','CK'),
('Costa Rica','CR'),
('Côte d''Ivoire','CI'),
('Croatia','HR'),
('Cuba','CU'),
('Curaçao','CW'),
('Cyprus','CY'),
('Czech Republic','CZ'),
('Denmark','DK'),
('Djibouti','DJ'),
('Dominica','DM'),
('Dominican Republic','DO'),
('Ecuador','EC'),
('Egypt','EG'),
('El Salvador','SV'),
('Equatorial Guinea','GQ'),
('Eritrea','ER'),
('Estonia','EE'),
('Ethiopia','ET'),
('Falkland Islands (Malvinas)','FK'),
('Faroe Islands','FO'),
('Fiji','FJ'),
('Finland','FI'),
('France','FR'),
('French Guiana','GF'),
('French Polynesia','PF'),
('French Southern Territories','TF'),
('Gabon','GA'),
('Gambia','GM'),
('Georgia','GE'),
('Germany','DE'),
('Ghana','GH'),
('Gibraltar','GI'),
('Greece','GR'),
('Greenland','GL'),
('Grenada','GD'),
('Guadeloupe','GP'),
('Guam','GU'),
('Guatemala','GT'),
('Guernsey','GG'),
('Guinea','GN'),
('Guinea-Bissau','GW'),
('Guyana','GY'),
('Haiti','HT'),
('Heard Island and McDonald Islands','HM'),
('Holy See (Vatican City State)','VA'),
('Honduras','HN'),
('Hong Kong','HK'),
('Hungary','HU'),
('Iceland','IS'),
('India','IN'),
('Indonesia','ID'),
('Iran'', Islamic Republic of','IR'),
('Iraq','IQ'),
('Ireland','IE'),
('Isle of Man','IM'),
('Israel','IL'),
('Italy','IT'),
('Jamaica','JM'),
('Japan','JP'),
('Jersey','JE'),
('Jordan','JO'),
('Kazakhstan','KZ'),
('Kenya','KE'),
('Kiribati','KI'),
('Korea'', Democratic People''s Republic of','KP'),
('Korea'', Republic of','KR'),
('Kuwait','KW'),
('Kyrgyzstan','KG'),
('Lao People''s Democratic Republic','LA'),
('Latvia','LV'),
('Lebanon','LB'),
('Lesotho','LS'),
('Liberia','LR'),
('Libya','LY'),
('Liechtenstein','LI'),
('Lithuania','LT'),
('Luxembourg','LU'),
('Macao','MO'),
('Macedonia'', the Former Yugoslav Republic of','MK'),
('Madagascar','MG'),
('Malawi','MW'),
('Malaysia','MY'),
('Maldives','MV'),
('Mali','ML'),
('Malta','MT'),
('Marshall Islands','MH'),
('Martinique','MQ'),
('Mauritania','MR'),
('Mauritius','MU'),
('Mayotte','YT'),
('Mexico','MX'),
('Micronesia'', Federated States of','FM'),
('Moldova'', Republic of','MD'),
('Monaco','MC'),
('Mongolia','MN'),
('Montenegro','ME'),
('Montserrat','MS'),
('Morocco','MA'),
('Mozambique','MZ'),
('Myanmar','MM'),
('Namibia','NA'),
('Nauru','NR'),
('Nepal','NP'),
('Netherlands','NL'),
('New Caledonia','NC'),
('New Zealand','NZ'),
('Nicaragua','NI'),
('Niger','NE'),
('Nigeria','NG'),
('Niue','NU'),
('Norfolk Island','NF'),
('Northern Mariana Islands','MP'),
('Norway','NO'),
('Oman','OM'),
('Pakistan','PK'),
('Palau','PW'),
('Palestine'', State of','PS'),
('Panama','PA'),
('Papua New Guinea','PG'),
('Paraguay','PY'),
('Peru','PE'),
('Philippines','PH'),
('Pitcairn','PN'),
('Poland','PL'),
('Portugal','PT'),
('Puerto Rico','PR'),
('Qatar','QA'),
('Réunion','RE'),
('Romania','RO'),
('Russian Federation','RU'),
('Rwanda','RW'),
('Saint Barthélemy','BL'),
('Saint Helena'', Ascension and Tristan da Cunha','SH'),
('Saint Kitts and Nevis','KN'),
('Saint Lucia','LC'),
('Saint Martin (French part)','MF'),
('Saint Pierre and Miquelon','PM'),
('Saint Vincent and the Grenadines','VC'),
('Samoa','WS'),
('San Marino','SM'),
('Sao Tome and Principe','ST'),
('Saudi Arabia','SA'),
('Senegal','SN'),
('Serbia','RS'),
('Seychelles','SC'),
('Sierra Leone','SL'),
('Singapore','SG'),
('Sint Maarten (Dutch part)','SX'),
('Slovakia','SK'),
('Slovenia','SI'),
('Solomon Islands','SB'),
('Somalia','SO'),
('South Africa','ZA'),
('South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands','GS'),
('South Sudan','SS'),
('Spain','ES'),
('Sri Lanka','LK'),
('Sudan','SD'),
('Suriname','SR'),
('Svalbard and Jan Mayen','SJ'),
('Swaziland','SZ'),
('Sweden','SE'),
('Switzerland','CH'),
('Syrian Arab Republic','SY'),
('Taiwan'', Province of China','TW'),
('Tajikistan','TJ'),
('Tanzania'', United Republic of','TZ'),
('Thailand','TH'),
('Timor-Leste','TL'),
('Togo','TG'),
('Tokelau','TK'),
('Tonga','TO'),
('Trinidad and Tobago','TT'),
('Tunisia','TN'),
('Turkey','TR'),
('Turkmenistan','TM'),
('Turks and Caicos Islands','TC'),
('Tuvalu','TV'),
('Uganda','UG'),
('Ukraine','UA'),
('United Arab Emirates','AE'),
('United Kingdom','GB'),
('United States','US'),
('United States Minor Outlying Islands','UM'),
('Uruguay','UY'),
('Uzbekistan','UZ'),
('Vanuatu','VU'),
('Venezuela'', Bolivarian Republic of','VE'),
('Viet Nam','VN'),
('Virgin Islands'', British','VG'),
('Virgin Islands'', U.S.','VI'),
('Wallis and Futuna','WF'),
('Western Sahara','EH'),
('Yemen','YE'),
('Zambia','ZM'),
('Zimbabwe','ZW')



SELECT * FROM tblCrater
SELECT * FROM tblCountry

Answer 1

由于tblCrater接受NULL值，您可以保留查询并添加此查询。它会更改tblCrater的{​​{1}}值，以匹配同一CountryID

的tblCountry值

CountryName

编辑：仅在您只添加一次数据时才有用。如果随着时间的推移将更多数据添加到表中，则触发器可以是替代解决方案

UPDATE tblCrater
SET tblCrater.CountryID = tblCrater.CountryID
FROM tblCrater
INNER JOIN tblCountry
        ON tblCrater.CountryName = tblCountry.CountryName