Question

我正在尝试将消息列表发布到其余的api。如何为postJSONData方法编写mockito junit：

public class PostDataService{

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private Environment env;

    private HttpEntity<String> httpEntity;

    private HttpHeaders httpHeaders;

    private String resourceURL = null;

    public PostDataService(){
    httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
    httpHeaders.set("Content-Type", "application/json");
    }

    public void postJSONData(List<String> data){
    try
    {
    resourceURL = env.getProperty("baseURL") + env.getProperty("resourcePath");
    httpEntity = new HttpEntity<String>(data.toString(), httpHeaders);
    String response = restTemplate.postForObject(resourceURL, httpEntity, String.class);
    }
    catch (RestClientException e) {
            LOGGER.info("ErrorMessage::" + e.getMessage());
            LOGGER.info("ErrorCause::" + e.getCause());
        }
    } 


}

请帮我怎么写。

Answer 1

您可以使用wiremock来模拟服务器。这是一个专门针对这项工作的模拟框架。

将以下依赖项添加到您的pom.xml：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.tomakehurst</groupId>
    <artifactId>wiremock</artifactId>
    <version>2.12.0</version>
</dependency>

在测试中添加以下规则：

@Rule
public WireMockRule wireMockRule = new WireMockRule(); // default port is 8080

然后，您应该在baseUrl（或其他地方）中定义resourcePath和application.properties属性。请记住，服务器将在localhost上运行。

之后你应该模拟resourcePath的HTTP响应：

stubFor(get(urlEqualTo(resourcePath))
            .withHeader("Accept", equalTo("application/json"))
            .willReturn(aResponse()
                .withStatus(200)
                .withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
                .withBody(content)));

然后你可以执行postJSONData方法：

postData.postJSONData();

最后，您可以验证对服务器的请求是否正确。

verify(postRequestedFor(urlMatching(resourcePath))
        .withRequestBody(matching(expectedBody))
        .withHeader("Content-Type", matching("application/json")));

Answer 2

您可以使用Mockito：

使用模拟postData和RestTemplate

Environment

设置这些允许``postJSONData`调用完成
验证是否正确调用了模拟的RestTemplate

postJSONData方法不使用restTemplate.postForObject()响应，因此在测试此方法方面您可以做的最好的事情是验证是否使用正确的参数调用restTemplate.postForObject()。

以下是一个例子：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class PostDataTest {

    @Mock
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Mock
    private Environment env;

    @InjectMocks
    private PostData postData;

    @Test
    public void test_postJSONData() {
        String baseUrl = "theBaseUrl";
        String resourcePath = "aResourcePath";

        Mockito.when(env.getProperty("baseURL")).thenReturn(baseUrl);
        Mockito.when(env.getProperty("resourcePath")).thenReturn(resourcePath);

        List<String> payload = new ArrayList<>();

        postData.postJSONData(payload);

        // it's unclear from your posted code what goes into the HttpEntity so
        // this approach is lenient about its expectation
        Mockito.verify(restTemplate).postForObject(
                Mockito.eq(baseUrl + resourcePath),
                Mockito.any(HttpEntity.class),
                Mockito.eq(String.class)
        );

        // assuming that the HttpEntity is constructed from the payload passed 
        // into postJSONData then this approach is more specific
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("Content-Type", "application/json");
        Mockito.verify(restTemplate).postForObject(
                Mockito.eq(baseUrl + resourcePath),
                Mockito.eq(new HttpEntity<>(payload.toString(), headers)),
                Mockito.eq(String.class)
        );
    }
}

旁注; postData是一个不常见的类名，OP中提供的postJSONData方法无法编译;它引用meterReadings而不是data。

Answer 3

只需正确模拟 postForObject：

    @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
    public class YourServiceTest {
        
            @Mock
            RestTemplate template;
        
            @InjectMocks
            private final YourService srv = new YourService();
        
        
            @Test
            public void yourTest() {
                when(template.postForObject(anyString(),any(Object.class),eq(String.class)))
                        .thenReturn("xxxxxxxxxxx");
                assertEquals("xxxxxxxxxxx", srv.yourMethod());
            }
        }

如何为Resttemplate postForObject方法编写mockito junit

3 个答案: