我需要帮助。我在使用Python中的tkinter的类似pong的游戏中遇到了一个小问题。游戏按预期工作，但我试图让椭圆形或球形开始在“自我”高度范围内的随机y位置。变量。 我对Python很新，所以我想知道是否有人可以帮助我。
在 init （）方法中说#NEED HELP是我试图让球从一个随机高度而不是在中间开始的地方。
提前谢谢。
import random
import tkinter
from tkinter import messagebox
import sys
def some_randomness():
""" ~ returns random value from -0.5 to 0.5 """
return random.random() - 0.5
class PaddleBall:
def __init__(self):
# window
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.geometry("400x200+100+100")
root.title("Paddle Ball!")
# used in move_paddle() method
self.paddle_dy = 10
# canvas
self.width = 400
self.height = 200
self.my_canvas = tkinter.Canvas(root, bg="white", \
width=self.width, height=self.height)
self.my_canvas.pack()
# frame
self.frm_control = tkinter.Frame(root)
self.frm_control.pack()
# oval
self.radius = 10
self.x = 375
self.y = int(self.height / 2) # NEED HELP
self.my_canvas.create_oval(self.x - self.radius, \
self.height / 2 + self.radius, \
self.x + self.radius, \
self.height / 2 - self.radius,
fill="red", tags="disk")
# paddle
self.paddle_top = 75
self.paddle_bot = 125
self.paddle_x = 15
# line
self.my_canvas.create_line(self.paddle_x, self.paddle_top, \
self.paddle_x, self.paddle_bot, \
width=3, fill="blue", tags="paddle")
# slot
self.slot_width = 15
self.slot_height = 20
self.slot_top = int(self.height / 2 - self.slot_height)
self.slot_bot = int(self.height / 2 + self.slot_height)
# top line - slot
self.my_canvas.create_line(self.width - self.slot_width / 2, 0, \
self.width - self.slot_width / 2, \
self.slot_top, width=self.slot_width, \
fill="blue", tags="slot")
# bottom line - slot
self.my_canvas.create_line(self.width - self.slot_width / 2, \
self.slot_bot, \
self.width - self.slot_width / 2, \
self.height, width=self.slot_width, \
fill="blue", tags="slot")
# bind
self.my_canvas.bind("<KeyPress-Up>", self.move_paddle_up)
self.my_canvas.bind("<KeyPress-Down>", self.move_paddle_down)
self.sleep_time = 30
self.my_canvas.focus_set()
self.animate()
# paddle method(s)
def move_paddle_up(self, _):
self.paddle_dy = -abs(self.paddle_dy)
self.move_paddle()
def move_paddle_down(self, _):
self.paddle_dy = abs(self.paddle_dy)
self.move_paddle()
def move_paddle(self):
if self.is_paddle_on_screen():
self.paddle_top += self.paddle_dy
self.paddle_bot += self.paddle_dy
self.my_canvas.move("paddle", 0, self.paddle_dy)
def animate(self):
dx = -3
dy = random.randint(-3, 3)
while True:
self.my_canvas.move("disk", dx, dy)
self.x += dx
self.y += dy
self.my_canvas.after(self.sleep_time)
self.my_canvas.update()
# when disk is in the slot, it'll move to the end of the canvas
# and not bounce from the slot walls
if self.is_in_slot():
d_width = 0
else:
d_width = self.slot_width
if self.x <= self.radius or \
self.x + self.radius >= self.width - d_width:
dx = -dx + some_randomness()
if self.y <= self.radius or self.y + self.radius >= self.height:
dy = -dy + some_randomness()
if self.is_in_slot() and self.x >= self.width - self.radius:
messagebox.showinfo("Victory", "You win!!")
sys.exit(0)
if self.is_touching_paddle():
dx = -dx + some_randomness()
dy += some_randomness()
# boundary methods
def is_touching_paddle(self):
""" ~ checks if the oval is touching the paddle:
1. if the left point of the oval (x - radius) is touching the paddle
2. and if the y position is in the paddle's vertical boundaries """
return self.x - self.radius <= self.paddle_x and \
(self.paddle_top <= self.y <= self.paddle_bot)
def is_in_slot(self):
""" ~ checks if the oval's in the slot:
1. if the right part of the oval (x + radius) has crossed slot
entrance (width - slot_width)
2. if the top oval point (y - radius) is bigger than slot_top position
and if bottom oval point (y + radius) is smaller than slot_bottom
position. also, it allows small clipping (2 pixels) to avoid
strange bounces on the boundaries of the slot """
return self.x + self.radius >= self.width - self.slot_width and \
self.slot_top + self.radius - 2 <= self.y <= \
self.slot_bot - self.radius + 2
def is_paddle_on_screen(self):
""" ~ checks if the paddle is in the screen's boundaries """
return (self.paddle_dy > 0 or self.paddle_top >= \
abs(self.paddle_dy)) and self.paddle_bot < \
self.height - self.paddle_dy
PaddleBall() # anonymous instance
答案 0 :(得分：1)
这可以帮到你
from random import randrange
self.y = randrange(0, self.height - radius/2)
randrange采用上限和下限并返回一个int。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
你可以去：
self.y = random.randint(self.radius, self.height - self.radius)
但您还需要更改：
self.my_canvas.create_oval(self.x - self.radius, \
self.height / 2 + self.radius, \
self.x + self.radius, \
self.height / 2 - self.radius,
fill="red", tags="disk")
为：
self.my_canvas.create_oval(self.x - self.radius, \
self.y + self.radius, \
self.x + self.radius, \
self.y - self.radius,
fill="red", tags="disk")
如果没有进行更改，它无论如何都不会使用self.y属性。