动态加载子类?

时间:2011-01-21 05:23:13

标签: java

我需要按类名创建类的实例,问题是这些类恰好是子类(我已经有了父类的实例)。我记得class.forName()无法加载子类。在C ++中,我可以使用从名称到静态函数指针的查找表来执行此操作,但这种动态子类加载甚至可以在Java中使用吗?

谢谢。

更新

感谢您的回答,但它看起来不适用于以下示例:

AbStractTest.java

public abstract class AbstractTest{
      AbstractTest(int i){}
      class InnerTest
      {
             InnerTest(){
                 System.out.println("inner test class");
             }
             void test(){
                 System.out.println("inner test");
             }
      }
}

Test.java

public class Test extends AbstractTest
{
      Test(int i){
          super(i);
      }
      public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
      {
             Test t = new Test(1);
             AbstractTest.InnerTest innerTest = (AbstractTest.InnerTest)Class.forName("AbstractTest$InnerTest").getConstructor(AbstractTest.class).newInstance(t);
             innerTest.test();
      }
}

它最终导致以下错误:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: AbstractTest$InnerTest.<init>(AbstractTest)
        at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:2678)
        at java.lang.Class.getConstructor(Class.java:1629)
        at Test.main(Test.java:9)

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

更新了问题更新

getConstructor()仅返回公共构造函数。您需要使用getDeclaredConstructors()来获取其他非公共构造函数

这有效:

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

public class Test extends AbstractTest
{
      Test(int i){
          super(i);
      }
      public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
      {
             Test t = new Test(1);
             final Constructor<?>[] constructors = Class.forName("AbstractTest$InnerTest").getDeclaredConstructors();
             Constructor<?> noArgConstructor = null;
             for (final Constructor<?> constructor : constructors)
             {
               if (constructor.getParameterTypes().length == 1)
                 noArgConstructor = constructor;
             }
             if (noArgConstructor == null)
               throw new RuntimeException("Failed to find no arg constructor");

             AbstractTest.InnerTest innerTest =  (AbstractTest.InnerTest) noArgConstructor.newInstance(t);

             innerTest.test();
      }
}

abstract class AbstractTest{
      AbstractTest(int i){}
      class InnerTest
      {
             InnerTest(){
                 System.out.println("inner test class");
             }
             void test(){
                 System.out.println("inner test");
             }
      }
}

打印:

inner test class
inner test