python / GUI创建：如何重新配置​​标签文本以匹配点击按钮的文本＆＃39;

Question

我已经在这里查看了多篇与标签/按钮/配置相关的相关文章，到目前为止还没有找到任何解释这个确切问题的文章。我之前已成功编写了基本的标签配置程序（使用＆＃39;功能＆＃39;以及使用＆＃39; command =＆＃39;以及＆＃39; lambda＆＃39;等）但它们只是使用set字符串在函数中包含配置代码（text =＆＃34; String＆＃34;）。 我打算在此程序中执行的操作是将标签文本更改为“＆＃39;”按钮中相同文本的标签文本，因此当用户单击该按钮时，标签会显示带有附加字符串的文本（＆ ＃34;联系信息：＆＃34; +点击按钮

我确定问题在于我的功能代码＆＃39;本身（特别是线条后半部分的格式化），或者创建＆＃39;按钮。 ＆＃39; for循环中的一行＆＃39;下面可能需要编辑（或两者兼而有之）。

我猜测会有超过一条路线＆＃39;考虑到所有＆＃39;按钮文本＆＃39;也包含在字典中作为键（名称），所以任何类型的建议，无论哪种方式都会非常感激，我是Python的新手，所以我确信这实际上是一个简单的简单问题。有经验的编码员

# The purpose of this program is to produce a GUI that acts as a 'contacts
#info retriever', when a 'contact' 'button' is clicked it displays the contact
#information of that person




# Make a 'dictionary' containing contact info

contacts = { 1: {"Name" : "Max", "Address" : "18 Fake Street, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07542564872"},
           2: {"Name" : "Brian", "Address" : "17 Fake Boulevard, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07895465231"},
           3: {"Name" : "Sally", "Address" : "19 Hill Valley, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07956423145"},
           4: {"Name" : "Steve", "Address" : "22 Fake House, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07456213895"},
           5: {"Name" : "Sara", "Address" : "46 Fake Drive, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07652348192"},
           6: {"Name" : "Kevin", "Address" : "18 Labyrinth Avenue, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07563245196"},
           7: {"Name" : "Paula", "Address" : "38 Fake Drive, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07354695488"},
           8: {"Name" : "Dave", "Address" : "Haystack Farm, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07854623198"},
           9: {"Name" : "Mary", "Address" : "Fake Valley, CA", "Mobile" : "07564289315"},
           10:{"Name" : "Anastasia", "Address" : "Some Street, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07546321595"}}

# Import 'GUI creation' module

import tkinter

# Create a 'window'

window = tkinter.Tk()

# Give the window a 'title'

window.title("Phonebook")

# Import an 'ico' file for icon

window.wm_iconbitmap("Moon Full.ico")


# Create a 'label' that displays opening instruction message at top

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text="Click a contact to show their details:")

# 'Pack' the 'label'

lbl.pack()



# A 'function' for the 'reconfiguration' of 'labels' (changing their output)

def changeLabel():
    lbl2.configure(text="Details for " + str(btn))



# 'Dynamically create' 'buttons' using a 'for loop' as so

for i in contacts:

    #creates 'button' for what ever 'sub dictionary' (contact) the 'loop'
    #is currently on

    btn = tkinter.Button(window, text=contacts [i] ["Name"], command=changeLabel)

    #'pack' the 'button'

    btn.pack()



# Create a 'label' to display 'who the info belongs to'
lbl2 = tkinter.Label(window, text="No contact selected")

# Pack label
lbl2.pack()

# Draw the 'window', engage program
window.mainloop()

Answer 1

在创建时将信息绑定到按钮的一种方法，并在单击按钮时将此信息作为参数传递：

contacts = { 1: {"Name" : "Max", "Address" : "18 Fake Street, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07542564872"},
           2: {"Name" : "Brian", "Address" : "17 Fake Boulevard, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07895465231"},
           3: {"Name" : "Sally", "Address" : "19 Hill Valley, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07956423145"},
           4: {"Name" : "Steve", "Address" : "22 Fake House, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07456213895"},
           5: {"Name" : "Sara", "Address" : "46 Fake Drive, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07652348192"},
           6: {"Name" : "Kevin", "Address" : "18 Labyrinth Avenue, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07563245196"},
           7: {"Name" : "Paula", "Address" : "38 Fake Drive, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07354695488"},
           8: {"Name" : "Dave", "Address" : "Haystack Farm, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07854623198"},
           9: {"Name" : "Mary", "Address" : "Fake Valley, CA", "Mobile" : "07564289315"},
           10:{"Name" : "Anastasia", "Address" : "Some Street, Hollywood", "Mobile" : "07546321595"}}


import tkinter

window = tkinter.Tk()
window.title("Phonebook")

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text="Click a contact to show their details:")
lbl.pack()

def changeLabel(text):
    """A 'function' for the 'reconfiguration' of 'labels' 
    (changing their output)
    """
    lbl2.configure(text="Details for " + text)

for i in contacts:    
    btn = tkinter.Button(window, text=contacts[i]["Name"], command=lambda text=contacts[i]["Name"]:changeLabel(text))
    btn.pack()

lbl2 = tkinter.Label(window, text="No contact selected")
lbl2.pack()

window.mainloop()

可替换地：

@BrianOakley在评论中的建议：由于联系人是全局的，如果代码将索引传递给函数而不是具有复杂的lambda语句，则代码可能更容易调试和维护。 （请参阅下面的代码，了解此替代方案，可以说是更强大的解决方案）

import tkinter

window = tkinter.Tk()
window.title("Phonebook")

lbl = tkinter.Label(window, text="Click a contact to show their details:")
lbl.pack()

def changeLabel(ndx):
    """A 'function' for the 'reconfiguration' of 'labels' 
    (changing their output)
    """
    lbl2.configure(text="Details for " + contacts[ndx]["Name"])

for i in contacts:    
    btn = tkinter.Button(window, text=contacts[i]["Name"], command=lambda ndx=i: changeLabel(ndx))
    btn.pack()

lbl2 = tkinter.Label(window, text="No contact selected")
lbl2.pack()

window.mainloop()