在文件中查找唯一的URL

Question

场合

我在文件中有很多网址，我需要找出存在多少个唯一网址。

我想运行bash脚本或命令。

myfile.log

/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-sf0ab5df9c1262f2130a9b313192deca4-f0ab5df9c1262f2130a9b313192deca4-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://public.rgfl.org/HS/PowerPoint%20Presentations/Health%20and%20Safety%20Law.ppt,18,17
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s4bf050d47df5bfaf0486a50a8528cb16-4bf050d47df5bfaf0486a50a8528cb16-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://public.rgfl.org/HS/PowerPoint%20Presentations/Health%20and%20Safety%20Law.ppt,15,14
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-sad122bf22152ba4823a520cc2fe59f40-ad122bf22152ba4823a520cc2fe59f40-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://public.rgfl.org/HS/PowerPoint%20Presentations/Health%20and%20Safety%20Law.ppt,17,16
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s3c0f031eebceb0fd5c4334ecef15292d-3c0f031eebceb0fd5c4334ecef15292d-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://public.rgfl.org/HS/PowerPoint%20Presentations/Health%20and%20Safety%20Law.ppt,12,11
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-sff661e8c3b4f94957926d5434d0ad549-ff661e8c3b4f94957926d5434d0ad549-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://quality.gha.org/Portals/2/documents/HEN/Meetings/nursesinstitute/062013/nursesroleineliminatingharm_moddydunning.pptx,17,16
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s32c41ec2a5440ad220008b9abfe9add2-32c41ec2a5440ad220008b9abfe9add2-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://quality.gha.org/Portals/2/documents/HEN/Meetings/nursesinstitute/062013/nursesroleineliminatingharm_moddydunning.pptx,19,18
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s28787ca2f4372ddb3616d3fd53c161ab-28787ca2f4372ddb3616d3fd53c161ab-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://quality.gha.org/Portals/2/documents/HEN/Meetings/nursesinstitute/062013/nursesroleineliminatingharm_moddydunning.pptx,22,21
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s89a7b68158e38391da9f0de1e636c0d5-89a7b68158e38391da9f0de1e636c0d5-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://quality.gha.org/Portals/2/documents/HEN/Meetings/nursesinstitute/062013/nursesroleineliminatingharm_moddydunning.pptx,13,12
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-sc4b14e10f6151995f21334061ff1d139-c4b14e10f6151995f21334061ff1d139-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,13,12
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-se589d47d163e43fa0c0d68e824e2c286-e589d47d163e43fa0c0d68e824e2c286-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,19,18
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s52f897a623c539d09bfb988bfb153888-52f897a623c539d09bfb988bfb153888-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,14,13
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-sccf27a904c5b88e96a3522b2e1180fed-ccf27a904c5b88e96a3522b2e1180fed-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,18,17
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s6874bf9d589708764dab754e5af06ddf-6874bf9d589708764dab754e5af06ddf-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,17,16
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s46c55ec8387dbdedd7a83b3ad541cdc1-46c55ec8387dbdedd7a83b3ad541cdc1-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hy-wire-car-2.pptx,19,18
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s08cfdc15f5935b947bbaa93c7193d496-08cfdc15f5935b947bbaa93c7193d496-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hydro-power-plant.ppt,9,8
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s86e267bd359c12de262c0279cee0c941-86e267bd359c12de262c0279cee0c941-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hydro-power-plant.ppt,15,14
/home/myfiles/www/wp-content/als/xm-s5aa60354d134b87842918d760ec8bc30-5aa60354d134b87842918d760ec8bc30-c23c5fbca96e8d641d148bac41017635|https://royalmechanical.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/hydro-power-plant.ppt,14,13

期望的结果：

Unique Urls: 4

Answer 1

cut -d "|" -f 2 file | cut -d "," -f 1  | sort -u | wc -l

输出：

4

请参阅：man cut，man sort

Answer 2

awk解决方案

awk '{sub(/^[^|]*\|/,"");gsub(/,[^,]*/,"");i+=a[$0]++?0:1}END{print i}' file
4

如果您碰巧使用GNU awk，那么下面也会给您相同的结果

awk '{i+=a[gensub(/.*(http[^,]*).*/,"\\1",1)]++?0:1}END{print i}' file
4

或者this

中@cyrus饼干评论中指出的甚至更短

awk -F '[|,]' '{i+=!a[$2]++} END{print i}' file
4

使用awk多字段分隔符功能和更多惯用的awk。

^{注意：有关详细信息，请参阅[ awk manual ]。}

Answer 3

1. 使用sed解析，因为 file 似乎已经排序， （关于URL），只需运行uniq，并计算它：

   echo Unique URLs: $(sed 's/^.*|\([^,]*\),.*$/\1/' file | uniq | wc -l)
   

2. 使用 GNU grep提取网址：

   echo Unique URLs: $(grep -o 'ht[^|,]*' file | uniq | wc -l)
   

输出（任一方法）：

Unique URLs: 4

Answer 4

tr , '|' < myfile.log | sort -u -t '|' -k 2,2 | wc -l

• tr , '|' < myfile.log将所有逗号翻译成竖线字符
• sort -u -t '|' -k 2,2仅对第二个字段（-u）
对唯一（-t '|'），竖线定界（-k 2,2）进行排序
• wc -l计算唯一的行数