我正在创建一个搜索页面,您可以在其中键入搜索查询,并将表单提交给search.php?query=your query
。 PHP函数最好用于编码/解码搜索查询?
答案 0 :(得分:156)
对于URI查询,请使用urlencode
/ urldecode
;其他任何使用rawurlencode
/ rawurldecode
。
urlencode
和rawurlencode
之间的区别在于
urlencode
根据application/x-www-form-urlencoded进行编码(空格用+
编码),而rawurlencode
根据普通Percent-Encoding进行编码(空格以%20
编码)。答案 1 :(得分:18)
但是,您不需要对urldecode()
和$_POST
中显示的变量使用$_GET
。
答案 2 :(得分:7)
这是我的用例,需要大量的编码。也许你认为它是人为的,但我们在生产中运行它。巧合的是,这涵盖了所有类型的编码,因此我将其作为教程发布。
有人刚刚在我们的网站上购买了预付礼品卡("令牌")。令牌具有相应的URL以兑换它们。该客户希望通过电子邮件将其发送给其他人。我们的网页包含mailto
链接,可让他们这样做。
// The order system generates some opaque token
$token = 'w%a&!e#"^2(^@azW';
// Here is a URL to redeem that token
$redeemUrl = 'https://httpbin.org/get?token=' . urlencode($token);
// Actual contents we want for the email
$subject = 'I just bought this for you';
$body = 'I just bought a widget for you. Please enter your shipping details here: ' . $redeemUrl;
// A URI for the email as prescribed
$mailToUri = 'mailto:?subject=' . rawurlencode($subject) . '&body=' . rawurlencode($body);
// Print an HTML element that links to that page
echo '<a href="' . htmlspecialchars($mailToUri) . '">Email your friend</a>';
注意:以上假设您输出的是text/html
文档。如果您的输出媒体类型为text/json
,则只需使用$retval['url'] = $mailToUri;
,因为输出编码由json_encode()
处理。
您应该看到:
"args": {
"token": "w%a&!e#\"^2(^@azW"
},
当然,这是上面$token
的JSON表示。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
您可以使用PHP具有的URL编码功能
rawurlencode()
功能
ASP具有
Server.URLEncode()
功能
在JavaScript中,您可以使用
encodeURIComponent()
功能。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
根据要执行的RFC标准编码类型,或者如果需要自定义编码,则可能要创建自己的类。
/**
* UrlEncoder make it easy to encode your URL
*/
class UrlEncoder{
public const STANDARD_RFC1738 = 1;
public const STANDARD_RFC3986 = 2;
public const STANDARD_CUSTOM_RFC3986_ISH = 3;
// add more here
static function encode($string, $rfc){
switch ($rfc) {
case self::STANDARD_RFC1738:
return urlencode($string);
break;
case self::STANDARD_RFC3986:
return rawurlencode($string);
break;
case self::STANDARD_CUSTOM_RFC3986_ISH:
// Add your custom encoding
$entities = ['%21', '%2A', '%27', '%28', '%29', '%3B', '%3A', '%40', '%26', '%3D', '%2B', '%24', '%2C', '%2F', '%3F', '%25', '%23', '%5B', '%5D'];
$replacements = ['!', '*', "'", "(", ")", ";", ":", "@", "&", "=", "+", "$", ",", "/", "?", "%", "#", "[", "]"];
return str_replace($entities, $replacements, urlencode($string));
break;
default:
throw new Exception("Invalid RFC encoder - See class const for reference");
break;
}
}
}
使用示例:
$dataString = "https://www.google.pl/search?q=PHP is **great**!&id=123&css=#kolo&email=me@liszka.com)";
$dataStringUrlEncodedRFC1738 = UrlEncoder::encode($dataString, UrlEncoder::STANDARD_RFC1738);
$dataStringUrlEncodedRFC3986 = UrlEncoder::encode($dataString, UrlEncoder::STANDARD_RFC3986);
$dataStringUrlEncodedCutom = UrlEncoder::encode($dataString, UrlEncoder::STANDARD_CUSTOM_RFC3986_ISH);
将输出:
string(126) "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.pl%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DPHP+is+%2A%2Agreat%2A%2A%21%26id%3D123%26css%3D%23kolo%26email%3Dme%40liszka.com%29"
string(130) "https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.pl%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DPHP%20is%20%2A%2Agreat%2A%2A%21%26id%3D123%26css%3D%23kolo%26email%3Dme%40liszka.com%29"
string(86) "https://www.google.pl/search?q=PHP+is+**great**!&id=123&css=#kolo&email=me@liszka.com)"
*了解有关RFC标准的更多信息: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc3986/ 和urlencode vs rawurlencode?