Question

我正在使用USDA API处理数据可视化应用。我正在拉食物并提取营养素，其中通常有90-150种不同的值。我希望获得一系列不同的营养成分，但我不确定每组中的内容会随着ID的跳跃而变化。

例如，我不确定Minerals是否应使用ID 301-317或[301, 303, ... 312, 315, 317]。

是否有一个位置包含所有这些营养素和ID用英语写的？我已经在nutrient list/search下载中查看了full USDA ACCESS database和PDF说明，但无法找到我正在寻找的内容。

编辑：我可以使用他们的小组来处理总结，但不幸的是，在一些营养素组中有重复的数据。例如，我相信有单独的异黄酮领域和总异黄酮＆＃39;领域，总结将重复计算。

Answer 1

如果您在USDA网站上下载了supporting data zip file，则可以找到一个名为“营养.csv”的csv文件。在其中，您将找到所有营养素编号及其关联名称。

csv文件的片段：

"id","name","unit_name","nutrient_nbr","rank"
"1002","Nitrogen","G","202","500"
"1003","Protein","G","203","600"
"1004","Total lipid (fat)","G","204","800"
"1005","Carbohydrate, by difference","G","205","1110"
"1007","Ash","G","207","1000"
"1008","Energy","KCAL","208","300"
"1009","Starch","G","209","2200"
"1010","Sucrose","G","210","1600"
"1011","Glucose (dextrose)","G","211","1700"
"1012","Fructose","G","212","1800"

Answer 2

您可以在美国农业部的SR28参考指南here，第16页上查看所有营养信息。

我使用usda-sqlite将数据处理成SQLite。然后将其上传到https://sqliteonline.com/并运行自定义SQL命令。

SQL

SELECT * FROM nutrient; - 打印出所有潜在的营养素＆amp;他们的数据。耶！
SELECT Count(*) FROM food; - 8789
SELECT Count(*) FROM food where food_group_id !=300 and food_group_id !=3500 - 8257 - 排除所有婴儿食品和美洲原住民食物
SELECT id FROM food; - [[food.id]]
SELECT id,long_desc FROM food; - [[food.id，food.long_desc]]
SELECT id,name FROM nutrient; - [[nutrient.id，nutrient.name]]
SELECT count(*),food_group.name FROM food inner join food_group on food.food_group_id=food_group.id group by food_group_id; - 每个食物组中所有食物的数量

每种食物的份量，如果有的话

SELECT 
  food.id,
  food.long_desc,
  gm_weight
FROM  food 
INNER JOIN weight ON weight.food_id=food.id
where weight.description=='serving';

每100克食物的营养素含量

SELECT 
  food.id,
  nutrient.name,
  nutrition.amount
FROM  nutrition 
INNER JOIN food ON nutrition.food_id=food.id 
INNER JOIN nutrient ON nutrition.nutrient_id=nutrient.id;

后期处理

您可以将此数据导出到JSON并进行进一步处理，例如索引。

示例：导出到JSON后（使用左上角的按钮），最后一个示例为每个匹配WHERE子句的食物返回一个[food.id,nutrient.id,nutrition.amount]数组。您可能希望对此进行索引以加快搜索速度并减少文件大小（否则这些数组中会有大量重复food.id数据）。执行此操作后，我的JSON从大约10MB减少到7.0MB。

    let b = Amt.reduce((total, curr) => {
        const foodId = curr[0];
        const nutrientId = curr[1];
        const amt = curr[2];
        const foodIsNew = !(foodId in total);
        if (foodIsNew) total[foodId] = {};
        total[foodId][nutrientId] = amt;
        return total;
    }, {})
    console.log(JSON.stringify(b)); //note this add " characters to the beginning and end when printing to the console

更新

看起来可用的SQL已经过时，与FDA API上的可用内容相比。我编写了一个脚本来插入API并获取所有营养素名称并将它们全部推送到一个对象中。这是结果：

{
    "203": "Protein",
    "204": "Total lipid (fat)",
    "205": "Carbohydrate, by difference",
    "207": "Ash",
    "208": "Energy",
    "209": "Starch",
    "210": "Sucrose",
    "211": "Glucose (dextrose)",
    "212": "Fructose",
    "213": "Lactose",
    "214": "Maltose",
    "221": "Alcohol, ethyl",
    "255": "Water",
    "257": "Adjusted Protein",
    "262": "Caffeine",
    "263": "Theobromine",
    "268": "Energy",
    "269": "Sugars, total",
    "287": "Galactose",
    "291": "Fiber, total dietary",
    "301": "Calcium, Ca",
    "303": "Iron, Fe",
    "304": "Magnesium, Mg",
    "305": "Phosphorus, P",
    "306": "Potassium, K",
    "307": "Sodium, Na",
    "309": "Zinc, Zn",
    "312": "Copper, Cu",
    "313": "Fluoride, F",
    "315": "Manganese, Mn",
    "317": "Selenium, Se",
    "318": "Vitamin A, IU",
    "319": "Retinol",
    "320": "Vitamin A, RAE",
    "321": "Carotene, beta",
    "322": "Carotene, alpha",
    "323": "Vitamin E",
    "324": "Vitamin D",
    "325": "Vitamin D2",
    "326": "Vitamin D3",
    "328": "Vitamin D (D2 + D3)",
    "334": "Cryptoxanthin, beta",
    "337": "Lycopene",
    "338": "Lutein + zeaxanthin",
    "341": "Tocopherol, beta",
    "342": "Tocopherol, gamma",
    "343": "Tocopherol, delta",
    "401": "Vitamin C",
    "404": "Thiamin",
    "405": "Riboflavin",
    "406": "Niacin",
    "410": "Pantothenic acid",
    "415": "Vitamin B-6",
    "417": "Folate, total",
    "418": "Vitamin B-12",
    "421": "Choline, total",
    "430": "Vitamin K (phylloquinone)",
    "431": "Folic acid",
    "432": "Folate, food",
    "435": "Folate, DFE",
    "454": "Betaine",
    "501": "Tryptophan",
    "502": "Threonine",
    "503": "Isoleucine",
    "504": "Leucine",
    "505": "Lysine",
    "506": "Methionine",
    "507": "Cystine",
    "508": "Phenylalanine",
    "509": "Tyrosine",
    "510": "Valine",
    "511": "Arginine",
    "512": "Histidine",
    "513": "Alanine",
    "514": "Aspartic acid",
    "515": "Glutamic acid",
    "516": "Glycine",
    "517": "Proline",
    "518": "Serine",
    "521": "Hydroxyproline",
    "573": "Vitamin E, added",
    "578": "Vitamin B-12, added",
    "601": "Cholesterol",
    "605": "Trans Fat",
    "606": "Saturated Fat",
    "607": "4:0",
    "608": "6:0",
    "609": "8:0",
    "610": "10:0",
    "611": "12:0",
    "612": "14:0",
    "613": "16:0",
    "614": "18:0",
    "615": "20:0",
    "617": "18:1 undifferentiated",
    "618": "18:2 undifferentiated",
    "619": "18:3 undifferentiated",
    "620": "20:4 undifferentiated",
    "621": "DHA",
    "624": "22:0",
    "625": "14:1",
    "626": "16:1 undifferentiated",
    "627": "18:4",
    "628": "20:1",
    "629": "EPA",
    "630": "22:1 undifferentiated",
    "631": "DPA",
    "636": "Phytosterols",
    "638": "Stigmasterol",
    "639": "Campesterol",
    "641": "Beta-sitosterol",
    "645": "Monounsaturated Fat",
    "646": "Polyunsaturated Fat",
    "652": "15:0",
    "653": "17:0",
    "654": "24:0",
    "662": "16:1 t",
    "663": "18:1 t",
    "664": "22:1 t",
    "665": "18:2 t not further defined",
    "666": "18:2 i",
    "669": "18:2 t,t",
    "670": "18:2 CLAs",
    "671": "24:1 c",
    "672": "20:2 n-6 c,c",
    "673": "16:1 c",
    "674": "18:1 c",
    "675": "18:2 n-6 c,c",
    "676": "22:1 c",
    "685": "18:3 n-6 c,c,c",
    "687": "17:1",
    "689": "20:3 undifferentiated",
    "693": "Fatty acids, total trans-monoenoic",
    "696": "13:0",
    "697": "15:1",
    "710": "Daidzein",
    "711": "Genistein",
    "712": "Glycitein",
    "713": "Total isoflavones",
    "714": "Biochanin A",
    "715": "Formononetin",
    "716": "Coumestrol",
    "731": "Cyanidin",
    "734": "Proanthocyanidin dimers",
    "735": "Proanthocyanidin trimers",
    "736": "Proanthocyanidin 4-6mers",
    "737": "Proanthocyanidin 7-10mers",
    "738": "Proanthocyanidin polymers (>10mers)",
    "740": "Petunidin",
    "741": "Delphinidin",
    "742": "Malvidin",
    "743": "Pelargonidin",
    "745": "Peonidin",
    "749": "(+)-Catechin",
    "750": "(-)-Epigallocatechin",
    "751": "(-)-Epicatechin",
    "752": "(-)-Epicatechin 3-gallate",
    "753": "(-)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate",
    "758": "Eriodictyol",
    "759": "Hesperetin",
    "762": "Naringenin",
    "770": "Apigenin",
    "773": "Luteolin",
    "785": "Isorhamnetin",
    "786": "Kaempferol",
    "788": "Myricetin",
    "789": "Quercetin",
    "794": "(+)-Gallocatechin",
    "851": "ALA",
    "853": "20:3 n-6",
    "855": "20:4 n-6",
    "856": "18:3i",
    "857": "21:5",
    "858": "22:4"
}

USDA组合API中的所有营养成分是什么？

2 个答案:

SQL

后期处理

更新