Question

我有2个自定义字段，如下图所示。

当用户发出GET请求时，在右侧列表中我想显示用户的权限。在左侧列表中，我想显示尚未在右侧列表中的可用权限。如何为我的自定义字段生成正确的查询集？我很困惑。

多数民众赞成我认为我需要创建available_permissions字段的查询集。伪代码：

for available_permission in Permission.objects.all()
   if available_permission not in (QuerySet <user_permissions>)
       Create new QuerySet with available_permission

1）如何了解用户的访问权限？我想在这里我需要将用户ID从视图发送到表单。

2）如何创建空查询集并将对象添加到该查询集？

forms.py：

class UserEditForm(UserChangeForm):
    available_permissions = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(
        widget=forms.SelectMultiple,
        queryset=None,
        required=False,
    )

    current_permissions = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(
        widget=forms.SelectMultiple,
        queryset=None,
        required=False,
    )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.current_permissions = kwargs.pop('current_permissions')
        self.available_permissions = kwargs.pop('available_permissions')
        self.fields['current_permissions'].queryset = self.current_permissions
        self.fields['available_permissions'].queryset = self.available_permissions

views.py：

class UserEditView(UpdateView):
    template_name = 'users/edit_user.html'
    form_class = UserEditForm
    model = User

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user = User.objects.get(pk=self.kwargs['pk'])
        context = {
        'user': user,
        'user_edit_form': UserEditForm(
            instance=user,
            current_permissions=user.get_all_permissions(),
            available_permissions=Permission.objects.difference(user.user_permissions.all()),
        ),
        }
        ***

错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 41, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 187, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 185, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 88, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Applications/Projects/web/dashboard.kase.kz/users/views.py", line 75, in get
    data['html_form'] = render_to_string('users/edit_user.html', context, request=request)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader.py", line 68, in render_to_string
    return template.render(context, request)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/backends/django.py", line 66, in render
    return self.template.render(context)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 207, in render
    return self._render(context)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 199, in _render
    return self.nodelist.render(context)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 990, in render
    bit = node.render_annotated(context)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 957, in render_annotated
    return self.render(context)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py", line 173, in render
    len_values = len(values)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/boundfield.py", line 71, in __len__
    return len(self.subwidgets)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/boundfield.py", line 57, in subwidgets
    for widget in self.field.widget.subwidgets(self.html_name, self.value(), attrs=attrs)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/boundfield.py", line 56, in <genexpr>
    BoundWidget(self.field.widget, widget, self.form.renderer)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/widgets.py", line 561, in subwidgets
    for option in self.options(name, value, attrs):
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/widgets.py", line 566, in options
    for group in self.optgroups(name, value, attrs):
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/widgets.py", line 575, in optgroups
    for index, (option_value, option_label) in enumerate(chain(self.choices)):
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py", line 1139, in __iter__
    for obj in queryset:
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 53, in __iter__
    results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 871, in execute_sql
    sql, params = self.as_sql()
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/compiler.py", line 21, in as_sql
    with_col_aliases=with_col_aliases,
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 430, in as_sql
    result, params = self.get_combinator_sql(combinator, self.query.combinator_all)
  File "/Users/nurzhan_nogerbek/Virtualenvs/py2714/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 389, in get_combinator_sql
    raise DatabaseError('ORDER BY not allowed in subqueries of compound statements.')
DatabaseError: ORDER BY not allowed in subqueries of compound statements.

UNION ：的 forms.py：

final_available_permissions = Permission.objects.none()
for available_permission in Permission.objects.all():
   if available_permission not in self.current_permissions:
      final_available_permissions = final_available_permissions.union(available_permission)
self.fields['available_permissions'].queryset = final_available_permissions

ERROR UNION：

AttributeError: 'Permission' object has no attribute '_combinator_query'

Answer 1

您可以user.user_permissions.all()获取用户的权限，Permission.objects.difference(user.user_permissions.all())获得相反的权限。但是，如果你也考虑了群组权限，你必须做一些更复杂的事情。

另一种解决方案，因为您的设置中存在QuerySet.difference()问题。

current_permissions = Permission.objects.filter(user=user)
available_permissions = Permission.objects.exclude(user=user)

如何为自定义字段创建查询集？

1 个答案: