Question

我是Django REST Framework的新手。我尝试做的是在HTML中呈现Generic APIView（RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView），类似于在Browsable API中自动呈现ViewSet的方式。

关注官方documentation，我的myApp / views.py ：

class AnnounceViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows announces to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = Announce.objects.all()
    serializer_class = AnnounceSerializer
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,
                          IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)


    def perform_create(self, serializer): # without this, the POST request of the announce doesnt work
        serializer.save(owner=self.request.user)


class AnnounceList(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
    template_name = 'myApp/announces_list.html'
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,)

    def get(self, request):
        queryset = Announce.objects.all()
        return Response({'announces': queryset})

class AnnounceDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
   queryset = Announce.objects.all()
   serializer_class = AnnounceSerializer
   renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
   template_name = 'myApp/announce_detail.html'
   permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)

在我的 urls.py ：

中

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from myApp import views
from django.contrib import admin


router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'api/users', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'api/groups', views.GroupViewSet)
router.register(r'api/announces', views.AnnounceViewSet)

# Wire up our API using automatic URL routing.
# Additionally, we include login URLs for the browsable API.
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'', include('myApp.urls')),
    url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
    url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')),
    url(r'^accounts/', include('allauth.urls')),
    url(r'^announces/$', views.AnnounceList.as_view(), name='announces-list'),
    url(r'^announces/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.AnnounceDetail.as_view(), name='announce-detail'),

当我使用Browsable API时，通过链接/ api / announces / 3 /，我可以正确地看到announce对象，具有正确的权限，具体取决于经过身份验证的用户。

但是当我去/ announces / 3 /时，我有这个错误：

NoReverseMatch at /announces/3/

Reverse for 'announce-detail' with keyword arguments '{'pk': ''}' not found. 3 pattern(s) tried: ['announces/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', 'api/announces/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)\\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)/?$', 'api/announces/(?P<pk>[^/.]+)/$']

这是我的 announce_detail.html 模板：

{% load rest_framework %}

{% block content %}

<form action="{% url 'announce-detail' pk=announce.pk %}" method="POST">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% render_form serializer %}
    <input type="submit" value="Save">
</form>

{% endblock content %}

如果我理解的话，Django REST视图（无论是ViewSet还是ViewAPI）用于以JSON格式检索/放置数据，而Django普通视图用于HTML常规渲染。但是，Django REST View也可用于普通的Django HTML呈现。通过具有公开的API端点，可以检索数据并由其他应用程序（相同的Web应用程序或其他Web应用程序/移动应用程序等...）使用。如果我错了，请纠正我。

我不明白为什么我收到错误... 谢谢你的帮助！

更新创建一个正常的APIView之后，我设法渲染表单，并且权限得到了很好的尊重（当用户试图点击“保存”按钮时，当他/她不是所有者时，状态403禁止。但是，仍然是，字段显示为“可修改”，即我们可以在区域内输入文本，但如果不是进行修改的所有者，则“保存”按钮不会保存数据。

对myApp / views.py

class AnnounceDetail(APIView):  
    renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
    template_name = 'myApp/announce_detail.html'
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,
                          IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)



    def get(self, request, pk):
        announce = get_object_or_404(Announce, pk=pk)
        self.check_object_permissions(self.request, announce) # required for IsOwnerOrReadOnly to work fine see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25554415/django-rest-framework-ignoring-my-isownerorreadonly-permissions
        serializer_context = {
            'request': Request(request),
        }
        serializer = AnnounceSerializer(announce, context=serializer_context)
        return Response({'serializer': serializer, 'announce': announce})

    def post(self, request, pk):
        announce = get_object_or_404(Announce, pk=pk)
        self.check_object_permissions(self.request, announce) # required for IsOwnerOrReadOnly to work fine see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25554415/django-rest-framework-ignoring-my-isownerorreadonly-permissions
        serializer_context = {
            'request': Request(request),
        }
        serializer = AnnounceSerializer(announce, context=serializer_context, data=request.data)
        if not serializer.is_valid():
            return Response({'serializer': serializer, 'announce': announce})
        serializer.save()
        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('announces-list')) # redirect to URL that is associated with the name announces-list

Answer 1

<强> views.py

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
from rest_framework.response import Response

class AnnounceDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Announce.objects.all()
    serializer_class = AnnounceSerializer
    renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
    template_name = 'myApp/announce_detail.html'
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)

    def retrieve(self, request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
        announce = get_object_or_404(Announce, pk=pk)
        serializer = self.get_serializer(announce)  # typo fixed
        return Response({'serializer': serializer, 'announce': announce})

<强> announce_detail.html

{% load rest_framework %}
{% load staticfiles %}

{% block content %}

<form action="{% url 'announce-detail' pk=announce.pk %}" data-method="PUT">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% render_form serializer %}
    <input type="submit" value="Save">
</form>

{% endblock content %}

<script>
    window.drf = {
        csrfHeaderName: "X-CSRFTOKEN",
        csrfCookieName: "csrftoken"
    };
</script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/ajax-form.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/csrf.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/prettify-min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'rest_framework/js/default.js' %}"></script>
<script>
    $(document).ready(function() {
        $('form').ajaxForm();
    });
</script>

Django REST框架：HTML渲染Generic APIView

1 个答案: