Question

我的Rails 5.1 API应用程序中有Dish和Comment模型，如下所示 - 代码仓库here。向Comment添加新的Dish我需要帮助。

发表

class Dish < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :comments
end

注释

class Comment < ApplicationRecord
    belongs_to :dish
end

Post Serializer（使用ActiveModel Seriazlier）

class DishSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :image, :category, :label, :price, :featured, :description, :created_at

  has_many :comments
end

评论序列化程序

class CommentSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :rating, :comment, :author, :date

  def date
    object.created_at
  end
end

后置控制器 - 默认rails scaffold

class DishesController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_dish, only: [:show, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /dishes
  def index
    @dishes = Dish.all

    render json: @dishes
  end

  # GET /dishes/1
  def show
    render json: @dish
  end

  # POST /dishes
  def create
    @dish = Dish.new(dish_params)

    if @dish.save
      render json: @dish, status: :created, location: @dish
    else
      render json: @dish.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /dishes/1
  def update
    # byebug
    if @dish.update(dish_params)
      render json: @dish
    else
      render json: @dish.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # DELETE /dishes/1
  def destroy
    @dish.destroy
  end

  private
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
    def set_dish
      @dish = Dish.find(params[:id])
    end

    # Only allow a trusted parameter "white list" through.
    def dish_params
      params.require(:dish).permit(:name, :image, :category, :label, :price, :featured, :description)
    end
end

评论控制器 - 默认rails scaffold

class CommentsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_comment, only: [:show, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /comments
  def index
    @comments = Comment.all

    render json: @comments
  end

  # GET /comments/1
  def show
    render json: @comment
  end

  # POST /comments
  def create
    @comment = Comment.new(comment_params)

    if @comment.save
      render json: @comment, status: :created, location: @comment
    else
      render json: @comment.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /comments/1
  def update
    if @comment.update(comment_params)
      render json: @comment
    else
      render json: @comment.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # DELETE /comments/1
  def destroy
    @comment.destroy
  end

  private
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
    def set_comment
      @comment = Comment.find(params[:id])
    end

    # Only allow a trusted parameter "white list" through.
    def comment_params
      params.require(:comment).permit(:rating, :comment, :author)
    end
end

问题

当用户访问/dishes/:id并通过前端应用程序（Angular 2）向菜肴添加评论时，comment会推送到当前评论数组，我正在调用{ {1}} PUT /dishes:id对象嵌套了现有dish和新评论。但是，新的comments不会被rails保存 - 不会返回错误，而是返回comment对象。但是我确实在dish控制台中看到了Unpermitted parameters: :id, :created_at。如何获取rails来保存新评论？

我将评论添加到菜单的页面（rails s）在Angular客户端下面如下所示。

Rails服务器日志

在导轨方面，下面是我在dishes/9中看到的内容 - 我确实在那里看到了新评论 - params。

{"author"=>"JANE7777", "rating"=>3, "comment"=>"COMMENT7777", "date"=>"2017-11-12T12:58:12.555Z"}

客户端模型

Started PUT "/dishes/9" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-11-12 18:28:12 +0530 Processing by DishesController#update as HTML Parameters: {"id"=>"9", "name"=>"Uthappizza", "image"=>"images/uthappizza.png", "category"=>"mains", "label"=>"Hot", "price"=>"4.99", "featured"=>true, "description"=>"A unique combination of Indian Uthappam (pancake) and Italian pizza, topped with Cerignola olives, ripe vine cherry tomatoes, Vidalia onion, Guntur chillies and Buffalo Paneer.", "created_at"=>"2017-11-01T04:30:09.407Z", "comments"=>[{"id"=>46, "rating"=>5, "comment"=>"Imagine all the eatables, living in conFusion!", "author"=>"John Lemon", "date"=>"2012-10-16T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>47, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"Sends anyone to heaven, I wish I could get my mother-in-law to eat it!", "author"=>"Paul McVites", "date"=>"2014-09-05T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>48, "rating"=>3, "comment"=>"Eat it, just eat it!", "author"=>"Michael Jaikishan", "date"=>"2015-02-13T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>49, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"Ultimate, Reaching for the stars!", "author"=>"Ringo Starry", "date"=>"2013-12-02T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>50, "rating"=>2, "comment"=>"It's your birthday, we're gonna party!", "author"=>"25 Cent", "date"=>"2011-12-02T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>51, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"great dish", "author"=>"Jogesh", "date"=>"2017-10-30T05:03:39.656Z"}, {"author"=>"JANE7777", "rating"=>3, "comment"=>"COMMENT7777", "date"=>"2017-11-12T12:58:12.555Z"}], "dish"=>{"id"=>"9", "name"=>"Uthappizza", "image"=>"images/uthappizza.png", "category"=>"mains", "label"=>"Hot", "price"=>"4.99", "featured"=>true, "description"=>"A unique combination of Indian Uthappam (pancake) and Italian pizza, topped with Cerignola olives, ripe vine cherry tomatoes, Vidalia onion, Guntur chillies and Buffalo Paneer.", "created_at"=>"2017-11-01T04:30:09.407Z"}} Dish Load (1.0ms) SELECT "dishes".* FROM "dishes" WHERE "dishes"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2 [["id", 9], ["LIMIT", 1]] [25, 34] in C:/apps/railsApi/app/controllers/dishes_controller.rb 25: end 26: 27: # PATCH/PUT /dishes/1 28: def update 29: byebug => 30: if @dish.update(dish_params) 31: render json: @dish 32: else 33: render json: @dish.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity 34: end (byebug) params <ActionController::Parameters {"id"=>"9", "name"=>"Uthappizza", "image"=>"images/uthappizza.png", "category"=>"mains", "label"=>"Hot", "price"=>"4.99", "featured"=>true, "description"=>"A unique combination of Indian Uthappam (pancake) and Italian pizza, topped with Cerignola olives, ripe vine cherry tomatoes, Vidalia onion, Guntur chillies and Buffalo Paneer.", "created_at"=>"2017-11-01T04:30:09.407Z", "comments"=>[{"id"=>46, "rating"=>5, "comment"=>"Imagine all the eatables, living in conFusion!", "author"=>"John Lemon", "date"=>"2012-10-16T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>47, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"Sends anyone to heaven, I wish I could get my mother-in-law to eat it!", "author"=>"Paul McVites", "date"=>"2014-09-05T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>48, "rating"=>3, "comment"=>"Eat it, just eat it!", "author"=>"Michael Jaikishan", "date"=>"2015-02-13T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>49, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"Ultimate, Reaching for the stars!", "author"=>"Ringo Starry", "date"=>"2013-12-02T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>50, "rating"=>2, "comment"=>"It's your birthday, we're gonna party!", "author"=>"25 Cent", "date"=>"2011-12-02T17:57:28.556Z"}, {"id"=>51, "rating"=>4, "comment"=>"great dish", "author"=>"Jogesh", "date"=>"2017-10-30T05:03:39.656Z"}, {"author"=>"JANE7777", "rating"=>3, "comment"=>"COMMENT7777", "date"=>"2017-11-12T12:58:12.555Z"}], "controller"=>"dishes", "action"=>"update", "dish"=>{"id"=>9, "name"=>"Uthappizza", "image"=>"images/uthappizza.png", "category"=>"mains", "label"=>"Hot", "price"=>"4.99", "featured"=>true, "description"=>"A unique combination of Indian Uthappam (pancake) and Italian pizza, topped with Cerignola olives, ripe vine cherry tomatoes, Vidalia onion, Guntur chillies and Buffalo Paneer.", "created_at"=>"2017-11-01T04:30:09.407Z"}} permitted: false> (byebug) c Unpermitted parameters: :id, :created_at (0.0ms) BEGIN (0.0ms) COMMIT [active_model_serializers] Comment Load (0.0ms) SELECT "comments".* FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."dish_id" = $1 [["dish_id", 9]] [active_model_serializers] Rendered DishSerializer with ActiveModelSerializers::Adapter::Attributes (31.29ms) Completed 200 OK in 1901725ms (Views: 37.5ms | ActiveRecord: 5.0ms)模型有Dish作为其中一个成员。在通过表单添加新注释后，Comment[]将推送到comment数组，然后将dish.comments对象发送到Rails API后端。

客户端

Dish模型

Comment

客户端

export class Comment { rating: number; comment: string; author: string; date: string; }模型

Post

Answer 1

我建议你使用Comments控制器并形成一个嵌套的路由来成为RESTful。

首先，POST请求，包括dish_id到/ comments。您正在尝试创建评论，而不是更新Dish。

其次，形成嵌套路线： /菜/：dish_id /评论

以下是嵌套资源的指南：http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html#nested-resources

您的错误原因是您已经破坏了预期的参数结构。对于PUT，你的参数应该是：

{
   id: <record to update>,
   dish: {
      name: “blah”,
      comments: [{...},{...}]
   }
 }

同样，如果您只想添加评论，我真的建议您不要PUT to Dish。例如：以上内容将取代Dish上的所有评论！如果您要创建记录，请创建该记录，不要更新它的父记录。

如果您想在添加新注释时更新Dish，您可以在创建时向Comment模型添加回调，或者在Comment create controller action中执行此操作。

PUT与嵌套对象

1 个答案: