Karma / Jasmine测试未定义范围失败

Question

我正试图为我的一个控制器创建第一个单元测试。

我对控制器的Karma / Jasmine简单测试看起来像

describe('RegistrationController', function() {

    beforeEach(module('myApp'));

    var $controller, $rootScope;

    beforeEach(inject(function(_$controller_, _$rootScope_){
        // The injector unwraps the underscores (_) from around the parameter names when matching
        $controller = _$controller_;
        $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
    }));

    describe('Registration $scope.submit', function() {
        it('submits registration and sets step to 1', function() {
            var $scope = $rootScope.$new();

            var controller = $controller('RegistrationController', { $scope: $scope });
            $scope.submit();
            expect($scope.step).toEqual(1);
        });
    }); 

});

测试控制器的那部分

$scope.submit = function () {

    $scope.step = 1; //wizard started
    var userName = $scope.user.name;
    var userNick = $scope.user.nick;        
    $location.path('localization');
}

但是当我运行该单元测试时，user.name和user.nick失败并显示错误

TypeError: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined

或

TypeError: Cannot read property 'nick' of undefined

当表格捕获这两个值并在控制器端正常工作时。