数据库视图性能问题与基础查询

时间:2017-11-08 14:08:24

标签: mysql database performance sql-execution-plan database-view

我注意到View与生成该视图的基础Select语句之间的性能差异。

创建View时,它会对所有基础表(大约700万行)执行表扫描,但Select语句不会执行此类扫描。

有人可以解释为什么会有区别吗?我如何使View像Select语句一样表现?

说明可以在Google表格中找到两个查询的计划:Link

选择声明: 更新:我已将问题缩小到以下Select语句。看起来像Group By或Group Concat可能会引起这个问题。

SELECT
    -- IOHD_REQUEST fields
    r.ID as requestIdMultiple
    -- KEYVALUE and MULTIPLE fields
    , CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(kv6.VALUE)AS CHAR(255)) AS CLIENT_ID
    , CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(kv1.VALUE) AS CHAR(255)) AS IDENTIFIER_ID
    , CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(ri.IDENTIFIER) AS CHAR(255)) AS IDENTIFIER
    , CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(kv7.VALUE) AS CHAR(255)) AS PLATFORM_ID
    , CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(kv8.VALUE) AS CHAR(255)) AS VENDOR_ID

FROM IOHD_REQUEST r
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REQUEST_HELPDESK rh ON r.ID = rh.REQUEST_ID
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REQUEST_CLIENT rc ON r.ID = rc.REQUEST_ID
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REQUEST_IDENTIFIER ri ON r.ID = ri.REQUEST_ID
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REQUEST_PLATFORM rp ON r.ID = rp.REQUEST_ID
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REQUEST_VENDOR rv ON r.ID = rv.REQUEST_ID
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE kv1 ON (ri.IDENTIFIER_ID = kv1.KEY AND kv1.TYPE = 'IDENTIFIERTYPE')
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE kv6 ON (rc.CLIENT_ID = kv6.KEY AND kv6.TYPE = 'CLIENT')
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE kv7 ON (rp.PLATFORM_ID = kv7.KEY AND kv7.TYPE = 'PLATFORM')
 LEFT JOIN IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE kv8 ON (rv.VENDOR_ID = kv8.KEY AND kv8.TYPE = 'VENDOR')
GROUP BY r.ID;

以下是在视图解释计划中抛弃我的界限。计划中的所有后续行在视图和select语句之间是相同的:

id  select_type table   partitions  type    possible_keys   key key_len ref rows    filtered    Extra
1   PRIMARY <derived2>  NULL    ALL NULL    NULL    NULL    NULL    7237546 100 NULL

指数

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `TYPE` (`TYPE`,`KEY`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST_CLIENT`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST_CLIENT`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `REQUEST_ID` (`REQUEST_ID`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST_HELPDESK`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST_HELPDESK`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `REQUEST_ID` (`REQUEST_ID`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST_IDENTIFIER`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST_IDENTIFIER`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `REQUEST_ID` (`REQUEST_ID`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST_PLATFORM`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST_PLATFORM`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `REQUEST_ID` (`REQUEST_ID`);

--
-- Indexes for table `IOHD_REQUEST_VENDOR`
--
ALTER TABLE `IOHD_REQUEST_VENDOR`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  ADD KEY `REQUEST_ID` (`REQUEST_ID`);

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

哦,键值模式的问题。除了放弃设计模式之外,让我们看一下改进索引。

IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE迫切需要帮助。

正在发生“爆炸性内爆”。那是JOIN导致更多行; GROUP BY将其恢复原状。同时建造了一个巨大的tmp桌子。部分治愈是取代

CAST(GROUP_CONCAT(kv6.VALUE)AS CHAR(255)) AS CLIENT_ID
and
LEFT JOIN IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE kv6 ON (rc.CLIENT_ID = kv6.KEY AND kv6.TYPE = 'CLIENT')

( SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(VALUE)
      FROM IOHD_REF_KEYVALUE
      WHERE KEY = rc.CLIENT_ID
        AND TYPE = 'CLIENT'
) AS CLIENT_ID

(类似案例也是如此。)

在您修复了所需内容之后,请回来寻求更多帮助,但一定要带上SHOW CREATE TABLEEXPLAIN SELECT ...