我正在尝试使用ProcessPoolExecutor,但我收到了错误"队列对象应该只通过继承和#34;在进程之间共享,但我没有使用队列(至少没有明确)。我无法找到解释我做错的事情。
以下是一些演示问题的代码(不是我的实际代码):
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed
class WhyDoesntThisWork:
def __init__(self):
self.executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(4)
def execute_something(self, starting_letter):
futures = [self.executor.submit(self.something, starting_letter, d) for d in range(4)]
letter = None
for future in as_completed(futures):
letter = future.result()
print(letter)
def something(self, letter, d):
# do something pointless for the example
for x in range(d):
letter = chr(ord(letter) + 1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
WhyDoesntThisWork(). execute_something('A')
El Ruso指出,将something()作为静态方法或类方法会使错误消失。不幸的是,我的实际代码需要使用self来调用其他方法。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
无需使用静态方法即可解决。
使用进程时,每个进程都在独立的内存空间中运行。这与使用线程不同,当不同的线程在相同的进程下使用相同的内存空间运行时,这是不同的。因此,使用时不会发生该错误
ThreadPoolExecutor
,但发生在ProcessPoolExecutor
。
因此,当将类实例的函数传递到单独的子流程中时,多处理机制会对函数进行酸洗,以便可以将功能作为独立实例传递到子流程中。并且当子流程加入时,该类将通过未选出的函数实例进行更新。
要使其工作,只需将__getstate__()
和__setstate__()
函数添加到类中,以指导该类如何腌制和释放该函数。在腌制中,可以排除不必要的字段,如del self_dict['executor']
所示。
import multiprocessing
import time
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed
class GuessItWorksNow():
def __init__(self):
self.executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(4)
def __getstate__(self):
state = self.__dict__.copy()
del state['executor']
return state
def __setstate__(self, state):
self.__dict__.update(state)
def something(self, letter, d):
# do something pointless for the example
p = multiprocessing.current_process()
time.sleep(1)
for x in range(d):
letter = chr(ord(letter) + 1)
return (f'[{p.pid}] ({p.name}) ({letter})')
def execute_something(self, starting_letter):
futures = [self.executor.submit(self.something, starting_letter, d) for d in range(10)]
for future in as_completed(futures):
print(future.result())
if __name__ == '__main__':
obj = GuessItWorksNow()
obj.execute_something('A')
答案 1 :(得分:2)
尝试something
@staticmethod
def something(letter, d):
# do something pointless for the example
for x in range(d):
letter = chr(ord(letter) + 1)
或重构为:
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed
class WhyDoesntThisWork:
def something(self, letter, d):
# do something pointless for the example
for x in range(d):
letter = chr(ord(letter) + 1)
return letter
if __name__ == '__main__':
executor = ProcessPoolExecutor(4)
letter = 'A'
obj = WhyDoesntThisWork()
futures = [executor.submit(obj.something, letter, d) for d in range(4)]
for future in as_completed(futures):
print(future.result())