如何在ReactJS中使用setState()方法?

时间:2017-11-04 10:40:53

标签: javascript reactjs setstate

我是ReactJS的新手,我试图了解statesetState()。使用setState()我想更改名称,但我不确定在我的代码中应该在哪里调用setState()方法:

  1. 在构造函数内部
  2. 在渲染方法内部
  3. 创建自定义方法,并在调用render()
  4. 之前在构造函数的末尾调用它

    这是我的代码:

    import React from "react";
    
    class StateBasic extends React.Component{
    
        constructor(){
            super();
            let personProfile =  this.state = {
                    name : "Bob",
                    skill : "Art Designer",
                    location : "LA"
            }
            console.log(personProfile);        
        }
    
        render(){
            let changeName =  this.setState({ name : "Frank" });
    
            return(
                <div className="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12 col-xl-12">   
                    <ul>
                        <li> {this.state.name} </li>
                        <li> {this.state.skill} </li>
                        <li> {this.state.location} </li>
                        <li> {changeName} </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
            );
        }
    }
    
    // Let's render ReactDOM
    export default StateBasic;
    

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

如果您使用setState方法拨打render(),则会创建无限循环,而您可以使用componentDidMount

class StateBasic extends React.Component {
  constructor() {
    super();
    let personProfile = this.state = {
      name: "Bob",
      skill: "Art Designer",
      location: "LA"
    }
  }

  componentDidMount() {
    setTimeout(() => {
      this.setState({name: "Frank"});
    }, 1000)
  }

  render() {
    return ( 
      <div className="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12 col-xl-12">
        <ul>
          <li> {this.state.name} </li>
          <li> {this.state.skill} </li>
          <li> {this.state.location} </li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render( <
  StateBasic / > ,
  document.getElementById('container')
)
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16.0.0/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<div id="container"></div>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16.0.0/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>

答案 1 :(得分:2)

当用户与您的应用程序之间发生某种交互时,

setState通常会发生(但不限于)。例如:

  • 当用户输入输入
  • 当用户点击按钮

&#13;
&#13;
class StateExample extends React.Component {
  constructor() {
    super()

    this.state = {
      clickTimes: 0,
      value: '',
    }

    this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this)
    this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this)
  }

  handleChange(event) {
    this.setState({ value: event.target.value })
  }
  
  handleClick() {
    this.setState({ clickTimes: this.state.clickTimes + 1 })
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <label>Type here:</label>
        <input type="text" value={this.state.value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
        
        <div style={{ marginTop: 20 }}>
          <button onClick={this.handleClick}>Click-me</button>
          Click times: {this.state.clickTimes}
        </div>
      </div>
    )
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <StateExample />,
  document.getElementById('root')
)
&#13;
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/15.1.0/react.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/15.1.0/react-dom.min.js"></script>

<div id="root"></div>
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

有关详情,建议您阅读ReactJS文档中的State and Lifecycle

答案 2 :(得分:2)

如果初始化状态,则在构造函数中执行

constructor(){
    super();
    let personProfile =  this.state = {
            name : "Bob",
            skill : "Art Designer",
            location : "LA"
    }
    console.log(personProfile);
    this.state= { name : "Frank" };//initialvalue         
}

如果您想更改某些操作,请创建一个方法(changeName)并在渲染中使用如下:

changeName(name){
   this.setState({name})
}

render(){

        let changeName =  this.setState({ name : "Frank" });

        return(
            <div className="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12 col-xl-12">   
                <ul>
                    <li> {this.state.name} </li>
                    <li> {this.state.skill} </li>
                    <li> {this.state.location} </li>
                    <li onClick={this.changeName.bind(this,"hello")} > change Me </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        );
    }