Question

我无法让tomcat加载自签名证书。我按照this站点上的说明操作，修改了server.xml文件中的连接器，将安全约束添加到我的tomcat.conf文件中。以下是我的catalina.out的输出：

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/share/tomcat5
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/share/tomcat5
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/share/tomcat5/temp
Using JRE_HOME:       /usr/lib/jvm/jre
Created MBeanServer with ID: -hnoxxr:gj0olj3z.0:s15425714.domainepardefaut.fr:1
17-Jan-11 2:13:25 AM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
INFO: The Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/lib64/gcj-4.1.2
17-Jan-11 2:13:25 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol init
INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory getStore
SEVERE: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore
java.security.KeyStoreException: JKS
   at java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getStore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getKeystore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.getKeyManagers(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.init(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.createSocket(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.initEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol.init(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol init
SEVERE: Error initializing endpoint
java.io.IOException: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore: JKS
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getStore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getKeystore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.getKeyManagers(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.init(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.createSocket(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.initEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol.init(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
SEVERE: Catalina.start
LifecycleException:  Protocol handler initialization failed: java.io.IOException: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore: JKS
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initialize(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 744 ms
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
INFO: Starting service Catalina
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/5.5.23
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost start
INFO: XML validation disabled
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive myapp.war
17-Jan-11 2:13:26 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/myapp/WEB-INF/lib/servlet.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.sax).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
17-Jan-11 2:13:27 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig lifecycleEvent
SEVERE: Error processing TLD files for context path /myapp
javax.servlet.ServletException: Exception processing TLD at resource path /WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld in context /myapp
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.tldScanTld(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.execute(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.lifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWARs(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:29 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/lib/servlet.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.sax).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
17-Jan-11 2:13:29 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig lifecycleEvent
SEVERE: Error processing TLD files for context path 
javax.servlet.ServletException: Exception processing TLD at resource path /WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld in context 
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.tldScanTld(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.execute(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.TldConfig.lifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol start
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.catalina.connector.MapperListener init
INFO: Registering Hosts
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.catalina.connector.MapperListener init
INFO: Registering WebModule Contexts
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.catalina.connector.MapperListener init
INFO: Registering Servlets
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory getStore
SEVERE: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore
java.security.KeyStoreException: JKS
   at java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getStore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getKeystore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.getKeyManagers(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.init(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.createSocket(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.initEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.startEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol.start(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol.start(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol start
SEVERE: Error starting endpoint
java.io.IOException: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore: JKS
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getStore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.getKeystore(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.getKeyManagers(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSE14SocketFactory.init(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSESocketFactory.createSocket(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.initEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.startEndpoint(tomcat-util-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol.start(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol.start(tomcat-http-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
SEVERE: Catalina.start: 
LifecycleException:  service.getName(): "Catalina";  Protocol handler start failed: java.io.IOException: Exception trying to load keystore /usr/share/tomcat5/webapps/.keystore: JKS
   at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(catalina-5.5.23.jar.so)
   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(libgcj.so.7rh)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(bootstrap.jar.so)
   at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(bootstrap.jar.so)
17-Jan-11 2:13:31 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 5535 ms

我启动tomcat后进行了端口扫描。标准端口与8005一起启动，但SSL端口不存在。我在某处错过了一步吗？

Answer 1

我猜你使用的是用gcj编译的tomcat 5.5，在java-1.5.0-gcj的某些linux发行版（debian或ubuntu？）上。你可以在这里找到一些主题帮助： https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=238613

检查异常消息中指示的密钥库是否实际存在，并且它是否为JKS格式。或者将server.xml中的keystoreFile属性指向随JVM提供的cacerts文件（如果我的猜测正确应该是/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.3-1.5.0.0/jre/lib / security / cacerts）并在那里导入您的自签名证书。股票cacerts文件具有默认密码= changeit

但是我建议你使用sun-jvm或来自你的发行版的openjdk-1.6.0，以避免很多麻烦，特别是如果它是你的第一个ssl部署之一。

编辑：让我在这附上我的工作配置：

<Connector port="8443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
       maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
       enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
       acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
       clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" 
       keystoreFile="/etc/pki/java/cacerts" 
       keystorePass="changeit" keystoreType="JKS"
       keyAlias="tomcat"
/>

在/ etc / pki / java / cacerts密钥库中，我生成了一个密钥对：

$JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA -keystore /etc/pki/java/cacerts

注意：如果您未在server.xml中指定密钥别名，则使用密钥库中的第一个密钥对。

重要提示：密钥库密码必须与私钥密码相同！

Answer 2

您正在尝试使用JKS格式密钥库。此格式由Sun定义，GNU Classpath不支持。

GNU Classpath 可能支持“PKCS12”密钥库（因为它是一个标准，与JKS不同）。来自Java 6运行时的keytool实用程序中的新命令将允许您将现有JKS密钥库“导入”到新的PKCS＃12密钥库中。当然，GNU Classpath也不能执行此转换，但如果您使用OpenJDK产品进行转换，则生成的存储可能在运行时使用GNU Classpath。

Answer 3

您正在运行GNU CLASSPATH，而不是Java。删除它并安装JDK。

Answer 4

如果您使用的是GNU jvm和keytool，则可以将以下选项添加到server.xml中的Tomcat连接器，以使其正常工作：

keystoreType="gkr"
algorithm="JessieX509"

该算法在http://developer.classpath.org/doc/javax/net/ssl/KeyManagerFactory.html#getDefaultAlgorithm提及：

为什么tomcat在加载自签名SSL证书时遇到问题？

4 个答案: