写入后,我试图从I2C总线上的内存位置读取一个值。我在终端上运行它时会得到奇怪的输出。
这是我的程序
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define I2C_DEVICE 0x00
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int file;
int addr = 0X00; /* XGPIOPS_DATA_LOW_OFFSET */
if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
printf("Failed to open the bus");
return -1;
}
if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, addr) < 0) {
printf("Unable to open device as slave %s", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
char buf[10];
buf[0] = addr;
buf[1] = 0x10;
if(write(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful write\n");
printf(buf);
printf("\n\n");
}
if(read(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus. %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful read\n");
printf(buf);
printf("\n\n");
}
return 0;
}
程序的输出如下所示
成功写作
成功阅读��
在我的终端上,这些街区看起来更像钻石内的问号。我不确定在ASCII中对应什么。
为什么我不读回0x10,这是我最初写入的地址字节后的第二个字节?
根据第一组答案,这里是更新的代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define I2C_DEVICE 0x00
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int file;
long addr, reg_addr;
char *end;
if(argc == 3) {
addr = strtol(argv[1], &end, 16);
printf("Value of addr is: %ld\n", addr);
reg_addr = strtol(argv[2], &end, 16);
printf("Value of reg_addr is: %ld\n", reg_addr);
}
else {
printf("arg failed\n\n.");
addr = 0x00;
}
if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
printf("Failed to open the bus\n");
return -1;
}
if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, addr) < 0) {
printf("Unable to open device as slave \n%s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
char buf[10];
buf[0] = addr;
buf[1] = reg_addr;
buf[2] = 0x10;
if(write(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful write\n");
printf(buf);
printf("\n\n");
}
if(read(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus.\n %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful read\n");
printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
printf("\n\n");
}
return 0;
}
此时,每当我使用0x00作为地址时,无论argv [2]是什么,我都会得到FF,FF,FF作为输出。以下是设备树文件的适用部分。请注意,这是模拟的,因此我无法探测物理设备。
&i2c0 {
status = "okay";
clock-frequency = <400000>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
i2cswitch@74 {
compatible = "nxp,pca9548";
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <0x74>;
i2c@0 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <0>;
si570: clock-generator@5d {
#clock-cells = <0>;
compatible = "silabs,si570";
temperature-stability = <50>;
reg = <0x5d>;
factory-fout = <156250000>;
clock-frequency = <148500000>;
};
};
i2c@2 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <2>;
eeprom@54 {
compatible = "at,24c08";
reg = <0x54>;
};
};
i2c@3 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <3>;
gpio@21 {
compatible = "ti,tca6416";
reg = <0x21>;
gpio-controller;
#gpio-cells = <2>;
};
};
i2c@4 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <4>;
rtc@51 {
compatible = "nxp,pcf8563";
reg = <0x51>;
};
};
i2c@7 {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
reg = <7>;
hwmon@52 {
compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
reg = <52>;
};
hwmon@53 {
compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
reg = <53>;
};
hwmon@54 {
compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
reg = <54>;
};
};
};
};
以下是几个示例测试
尝试测试SiLabs时钟发生器
root @ plnx_arm:〜#/ usr / bin / i2c-test-mem-location 0x54 0x00
addr的值是:84
reg_addr的值为:0
无法将设备作为从属设备
打开设备或资源繁忙
尝试测试eeprom设备
root @ plnx_arm:〜#/ usr / bin / i2c-test-mem-location 0x5d 0x00
addr的值是:93
reg_addr的值为:0
无法将设备作为从属设备
打开设备或资源繁忙
这是我的第三次尝试的程序。在记下答案中的笔记后,我写了这个
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define DEVICE_ADDRESS 0x54
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int file;
uint8_t reg, value;
char *end;
printf("The device address on the bus: %d", DEVICE_ADDRESS);
if(argc == 3) {
reg = strtol(argv[1], &end, 16);
printf("Value of register address: %d\n", reg);
value = strtol(argv[2], &end, 16);
printf("value to write is: %d\n", value);
}
else {
printf("arg failed\n\n.");
}
if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
printf("Failed to open the bus\n");
return -1;
}
if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, DEVICE_ADDRESS) < 0) {
printf("Unable to open device as slave \n%s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
char buf[10];
buf[0] = reg;
buf[1] = value;
if(write(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful write\n");
printf(buf);
printf("\n\n");
}
if(read(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus.\n %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful read\n");
printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
printf("\n\n");
}
return 0;
}
不幸的是,即便如此,我也遇到了同样的错误。
root @ plnx_arm:〜#/ usr / bin / i2c-test-mem-location 0x00 0x10
总线上的器件地址:寄存器地址的84Value:0
要写的值是:16
无法将设备作为从属设备
打开设备或资源繁忙
root @ plnx_arm:〜#/ usr / bin / i2c-test-mem-location 0x30 0x10
总线上的器件地址:寄存器地址的84Value:48
要写的值是:16
无法将设备作为从属设备
打开设备或资源繁忙
答案 0 :(得分:4)
编辑2:我认为您可能无法正确设置I2C设备地址。您拥有的I2C_ADAPTER
("/dev/i2c-0"
)表示设备所在的I2C总线。您甚至没有使用I2C_DEVICE
宏,但这是您应该传递给ioctl
调用的内容(例如ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, I2C_DEVICE);
),它应该是您想要的设备的I2C地址访问(例如,0x5D
用于时钟发生器)而不是0x00
。
我还认为您的读/写不正确。通过open()
和ioctl()
指定总线和设备后,您无需再担心这些问题。您只需要担心要访问的寄存器(如果您的I2C设备使用寄存器)和实际数据。
要写入I2C设备,假设它使用一个字节的寄存器,写一个两个字节的缓冲区:第一个是寄存器,第二个是你要写的值:
bool i2cdev_byte_write(int file, uint8_t reg, uint8_t val)
{
uint8_t bytes[2];
bytes[0] = reg;
bytes[1] = val;
/* Write the register followed by the value */
if (write(file, bytes, 2) != 2)
return false;
return true;
}
要从I2C设备读取,假设它使用一个字节的寄存器,写入一个字节的缓冲区(寄存器地址),然后读取一个或多个字节的缓冲区(该寄存器和后续寄存器的值):
bool i2cdev_bytes_read(int file, uint8_t reg, unsigned int count, uint8_t *out_buf)
{
if (!out_buf)
return false;
/* Write the register */
if (write(file, ®, 1) != 1)
{
printf("Failed to write register value\n");
return false;
}
/* Read the specified number of bytes */
if (read(file, out_buf, count) != count)
{
printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus\n");
return false;
}
return true;
}
再次注意,上述所有注释都取决于它是使用单字节寄存器地址的I2C器件,并且它支持在一次读取多个字节时自动递增寄存器地址。您需要检查I2C设备的数据表,以确切地确定它是如何被访问的。
编辑:这是printf()
新手失败。你不能只尝试printf
一个字节数组。这不是printf()
的工作方式。
试试这个:
printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1]);
另外,正如我在原始回复中所写,您可能需要在读取寄存器内容之前再次写入寄存器地址。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
i2c协议要求您指定设备地址(即0x00)和寄存器地址。然后,您可以将值(在您的情况下,0x10)写入该寄存器地址。试试这个:
char buf[10];
buf[0] = addr;
buf[1] = [REGISTER ADDRESS];
buf[2] = 0x10;
if(write(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful write\n");
printf("Addr: %02x Subaddr: %02x Value: %02x\n\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
}
完成此写入后,您应该能够阅读:
if(read(file, buf, 1) != 1) {
printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus. %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
}
else {
printf("Successful read\n");
printf("Value: %02x\n\n", buf[0]);
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
根据设备树,需要提供给IOCtl的地址是i2cswitch mux地址。该地址为0x74,可在设备树中看到。打开i2c-0设备文件对应于设备树中的i2c0条目,该条目是多路复用器的父级。写入EEPROM时,缓冲区中的第一个字节应该是设备地址,如@AndrewCottrell所述。该地址是0x54。第二个字节应该是您要写入的数据
#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define I2C_SWITHC_MUX_ADDRESS 0x74
#define DEVICE_ADDRESS 0x54
...
file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR); /* Check for error */
ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE_FORCE, I2C_SWITHC_MUX_ADDRESS); /* Check for error */
uint8_t reg, value;
reg = DEVICE_ADDRESS;
buf[0] = reg;
buf[1] = value;
write(file, buf, 2); /* Check for error */
read(file, buf, 1); /* Check for error */
/* buf[0] should be value*/
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我在从 NTAG 5 升压组件的内存读取数据时也遇到问题,我在寻找此问题的原因时发现了此线程。实际上,对于我在组件上进行的每次 I2C 读取,我都会收到“FF”值。我没有在此线程中找到答案,但也许您在 this thread 中回答了我的问题。