修改：
你好，我在合并2个文件方面遇到了问题，基本上我有2个这种结构的json文件：
[
{
"uri": "some/url.feature",
"id": "safety-tests",
"keyword": "Feature",
"name": "Safety Tests",
"description": "Some description",
"line": 2,
"tags": [
{
"name": "@sometag",
"line": 1
}
],
"elements": [
{
"id": "some-element-id",
"keyword": "Scenario Outline",
"name": ": Some scenario name",
"description": "",
"line": 46,
"type": "scenario",
"tags": [
{
"name": "@sometag",
"line": 1
},
{
"name": "@someothertag",
"line": 31
}
],
"before": [
{
"match": {
"location": "some/test/file.rb:201"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 15000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/file.rb:5"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 1722192000
}
}
],
"steps": [
{
"keyword": "Given ",
"name": "Some step name",
"line": 46,
"output": [
"Some output"
],
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:137"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 989158000
}
},
{
"keyword": "When ",
"name": "some other step",
"line": 46,
"output": [
"WARNING: static wait for 1 seconds."
],
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:80"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 2700052000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:38"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 954225000
}
},
{
"keyword": "Then ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 38792000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "And again some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 39268000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 55637000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 38375000
}
},
{
"keyword": "When ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:12"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 751416000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 28043000
}
},
{
"keyword": "Then ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:20"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 5204000
}
}
],
"after": [
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:91"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 20000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:52"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 5585000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:27"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 168146000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:428"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 62000
}
}
]
},
{
"id": "some-element-id",
"keyword": "Scenario Outline",
"name": ": Some scenario name",
"description": "",
"line": 46,
"type": "scenario",
"tags": [
{
"name": "@sometag",
"line": 1
},
{
"name": "@someothertag",
"line": 31
}
],
"before": [
{
"match": {
"location": "some/test/file.rb:201"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 15000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/file.rb:5"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 1722192000
}
}
],
"steps": [
{
"keyword": "Given ",
"name": "Some step name",
"line": 46,
"output": [
"Some output"
],
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:137"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 989158000
}
},
{
"keyword": "When ",
"name": "some other step",
"line": 46,
"output": [
"WARNING: static wait for 1 seconds."
],
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:80"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 2700052000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:38"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 954225000
}
},
{
"keyword": "Then ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 38792000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "And again some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 39268000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 55637000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 38375000
}
},
{
"keyword": "When ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:12"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 751416000
}
},
{
"keyword": "And ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:2"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 28043000
}
},
{
"keyword": "Then ",
"name": "Some other step name",
"line": 46,
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:20"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 5204000
}
}
],
"after": [
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:91"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 20000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:52"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 5585000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:27"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 168146000
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "some/other/path/to/other/file.rb:428"
},
"result": {
"status": "passed",
"duration": 62000
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
其中elements可以在任一文件中包含任意数量的对象。这些是来自黄瓜的测试结果，因此文件A通常包含比文件B更多的元素，因为文件B是文件A中失败测试的重新运行。
例如。如果在第一遍中我们运行了100次测试，则文件A elements数组将包含100个具有上述格式的对象。但是，如果从这100个测试中有50个失败，则文件B elements数组将包含50个对象。我想要做的是用文件B覆盖文件A elements数组，只添加在两者中重复的元素。像
如果文件A有
"elements":[{a:1, b:2, c:3, d:2, e:9, f:4}]
和文件B
"elements":[{d:5}]
我想要新文件
"elements":[{a:1, b:2, c:3, d:5, e:9, f:4}]
到目前为止我已经
了jq '.[].elements' path/to/file/b > path/to/new/file
jq --argfile file path/to/new/file '.[].elements += $file' path/to/file/b
将文件A中elements数组中的elements数组中包含的任何文件放在一起，但不删除其中的重复对象。
我尝试使用unique但不知道如何使用它。有什么想法吗？
在这里做了几个回答后我得到了
jq --argfile b ~/Desktop/cucumber-rerun.json '.[0].elements[4] *= $b[0].elements[0]' ~/Desktop/cucumber.json
开始工作，因为在我的实际例子中，我知道文件A中的元素4是我想用文件B中的1和唯一元素覆盖的元素。但是这对我来说不起作用，因为这两个文件都是自动生成的并且对象的顺序是未知的。
我想要一个命令，看到两个文件都比较它们，并自动检测A和B中的重复对象，并用A中的那些覆盖A中的那些
答案 0 :(得分：0)
这是一个使用Object Multiplication的解决方案。假设您的数据位于A.json和B.json：
$ jq -M --argfile b B.json '.[0].elements[0] *= $b[0].elements[0]' A.json
产生
[
{
"uri": "https://someurl.com",
"id": "some-id",
"keyword": "SomeKeyword",
"name": "Some Name",
"description": "Some description for that test result",
"line": 2,
"tags": [
{
"name": "@sometag",
"line": 1
}
],
"elements": [
{
"a": 5,
"b": 2
}
]
}
]
如果您的数组包含更多数据，但您需要了解应如何识别相应的元素，这种方法很容易推广。
关于修订后的问题，此处是一个过滤器，用于更新A.json的对象，其中B.json的相应对象具有相同的.id：
def INDEX(stream; idx_expr):
reduce stream as $row ({};
.[$row|idx_expr| if type != "string" then tojson else . end] |= $row);
def merge_by_id(a;b):
if b then INDEX(a[];.id) * INDEX(b[];.id) | map(.) else a end;
INDEX($b[];.id) as $i
| map( .elements = merge_by_id(.elements; $i[.id].elements) )
例如，如果上述过滤条件位于filter.jq，则A.json包含修订后的样本数据，而B.json包含
[
{
"id": "safety-tests",
"elements": [
{
"id": "some-element-id",
"description": "updated description"
}
]
}
]
命令
$ jq -M --argfile b B.json -f filter.jq A.json
生成结果
[
{
"uri": "some/url.feature",
"id": "safety-tests", <------ top level .id
...
"elements": [
{
"id": "some-element-id", <------ element .id
"keyword": "Scenario Outline",
"name": ": Some scenario name",
"description": "updated description", <------ updated value
"line": 46,
"type": "scenario",
...
请注意，上述解决方案假定.id中的A.json元素是唯一的，否则merge_by_id将不会产生所需的输出。在这种情况下，以下过滤器就足够了：
def INDEX(stream; idx_expr):
reduce stream as $row ({};
.[$row|idx_expr| if type != "string" then tojson else . end] |= $row);
(INDEX($b[];.id) | map_values(INDEX(.elements[];.id))) as $i
| map( $i[.id] as $o | if $o then .elements |= map($o[.id]//.) else . end )
此过滤器仅要求.id中的B.json个对象是唯一的。如果A.json和B.json中存在非唯一元素，则可能需要更复杂的映射，然后才需要这个元素。
以下是带注释的过滤器版本：
def INDEX(stream; idx_expr):
reduce stream as $row ({};
.[$row|idx_expr| if type != "string" then tojson else . end] |= $row);
# first create a lookup table for elements from B.json
( # [{id:x, elements:[{id:y, ...}]}]
INDEX($b[];.id) # -> {x: {id:x, elements:[{id:y, ...}]}..}
| map_values(INDEX(.elements[];.id)) # -> {x: {y: {id:y, ...}}}
) as $i
# update A.json objects
| map( # for each object in A.json
$i[.id] as $o # do we have updated values from B.json ?
| if $o then .elements |= map($o[.id]//.) # if so then replace corresponding elements
else . end # otherwise leave object unchanged
)
答案 1 :(得分：0)
简明扼要地解决问题需要两个关键的见解：
如果A和B是两个对象，那么你可以通过写下来给它们加上优先权：A + B
要更新对象＆＃34;在适当位置＆＃34;，我们可以根据需要使用| =或+ =。
在您的情况下，我们可以通过以下方式应用这些见解：
$(document).width()假设沿着以下行调用：
.[0].elements[0] += $B[0].elements[0]
输入后，输出包括：
jq --argfile B B.json -f combine.jq A.json
根据要求。
要使用上述jq调用产生的输出覆盖A.json，您可能希望使用"elements": [
{
"a": 5,
"b": 2
}
]
，但请注意风险。
如果您因任何原因不想使用sponge，可以改用--argfile，但是您必须写--slurpfile