Question

我有以下文本文件格式

Id,    person, age,  city
ef12,  james,  23,   berlin  
yt34,  mary,   45,   pisa  
rt23,  john,   56,   barcelona

我想生成一种类型的字典。请帮帮我。

{ef12: {person:'james', age:'23',city:'berlin'},   
yt34: {person:'mary', age:'45',city:'pisa'},    
rt23: {person:'john', age:'23',city:'barcelona'},  

}

我被困在下面

`import time
import sys

def getData():
    file = open('traffic.txt', 'r')
    data = file.readlines()
    myDic = {}
    #for line in data.split('\n'):
    for line in data:
        tmp = line.strip().split()
        #myDic[tmp[0]]= list(tmp[1])
        #print(tmp[2])
        myDic[tmp[0]] = {tmp[1],tmp[2],tmp[3],tmp[4],tmp[5]}
    file.close()
    return myDic
theNewDictionary = getData()
print(theNewDictionary)
`

Answer 1

您只需要添加密钥

def getData():
    file = open('traffic.txt', 'r')
    data = file.readlines()
    myDic = {}
    for line in data:
        tmp = [s.replace(' ', '') for s in line.strip().split(',')]
        myDic[tmp[0]] = {'person': tmp[1], 'age': tmp[2], 'city': tmp[3]}
    file.close()
    return myDic

Answer 2

split逗号：split(',')

strip

split删除空格：[word.strip() for word in line.split(',')]
您只有4列，因此请勿拨打tmp[4]和tmp[5] - 如果您这样做，则为IndexError。
在字典中命名您的密钥：{'person': tmp[1], 'age': tmp[2], 'city': tmp[3]}

这意味着：

def getData():
    file = open('traffic.txt', 'r')
    data = file.readlines()
    myDic = {}
    for line in data:
        tmp = [word.strip() for word in line.split(',')]
        myDic[tmp[0]] = {'person': tmp[1], 'age': tmp[2], 'city': tmp[3]}
    file.close()
    return myDic

Answer 3

另一种方法是从csv中读取行并用每行更新字典：

dicty = {}

for row in csv.DictReader(open('a.csv')):
    dicty.update({
        row['Id']: {
            'person': row['person'],
            'age'   : row['age'],
            'city'  : row['city']
        }
    })

print(dicty)
# {'ef12': {'person': 'james', 'age': '23', 'city': 'berlin'},
#  'yt34': {'person': 'mary',  'age': '45', 'city': 'pisa'},
#  'rt23': {'person': 'john',  'age': '56', 'city': 'barcelona'}}

dicty.get('ef12')
# {'age': '23', 'city': 'berlin', 'person': 'james'}

读取文本文件行并使用python创建字典

3 个答案: