我有一个这样的字符串:
a;b;c;d;e
f;g;h;i;j
1;2;3;4;5
我想逐个元素地解析它。我使用嵌套的strtok函数,但它只是拆分第一行并使令牌指针为null。我怎么能克服这个?这是代码:
token = strtok(str, "\n");
while(token != NULL && *token != EOF)
{
char a[128], b[128];
strcpy(a,token);
strcpy(b,a);
printf("a:%s\n",a);
char *token2 = strtok(a,";");
while(token2 != NULL)
{
printf("token2 %s\n",token2);
token2 = strtok(NULL,";");
}
strcpy(token,b);
token = strtok(NULL, "\n");
if(token == NULL)
{
printf("its null");
}
}
输出:
token 2 a
token 2 b
token 2 c
token 2 d
token 2 e
答案 0 :(得分:25)
strtok()
你无法做到这一点;使用来自POSIX的strtok_r()
或来自Microsoft的strtok_s()
(如果可用),或重新考虑您的设计。
char *strtok_r(char *restrict s, const char *restrict sep,
char **restrict lasts);
char *strtok_s(char *strToken, const char *strDelimit, char **context);
这两个功能是可以互换的。虽然strtok_s()
是C11的可选部分(ISO / IEC 9899:2011中的附录K),但除了Microsoft之外,很少有供应商在该部分标准中实现了接口。
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char str[] = "a;b;c;d;e\nf;g;h;i;j\n1;2;3;4;5\n";
char *end_str;
char *token = strtok_r(str, "\n", &end_str);
while (token != NULL)
{
char *end_token;
printf("a = %s\n", token);
char *token2 = strtok_r(token, ";", &end_token);
while (token2 != NULL)
{
printf("b = %s\n", token2);
token2 = strtok_r(NULL, ";", &end_token);
}
token = strtok_r(NULL, "\n", &end_str);
}
return 0;
}
a = a;b;c;d;e
b = a
b = b
b = c
b = d
b = e
a = f;g;h;i;j
b = f
b = g
b = h
b = i
b = j
a = 1;2;3;4;5
b = 1
b = 2
b = 3
b = 4
b = 5
这适用于上下文 - 前提是数据以换行符结尾。
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
char data[] = "a;b;c;d;e\nf;g;h;i;j\n1;2;3;4;5\n";
char *string = data;
char *token = strchr(string, '\n');
while (token != NULL)
{
/* String to scan is in string..token */
*token++ = '\0';
printf("a = %s\n", string);
char *token2 = strtok(string, ";");
while (token2 != NULL)
{
printf("b = %s\n", token2);
token2 = strtok(NULL, ";");
}
string = token;
token = strchr(string, '\n');
}
return 0;
}
a = a;b;c;d;e
b = a
b = b
b = c
b = d
b = e
a = f;g;h;i;j
b = f
b = g
b = h
b = i
b = j
a = 1;2;3;4;5
b = 1
b = 2
b = 3
b = 4
b = 5
答案 1 :(得分:4)
strtok_r
是最好,最安全的解决方案,但还有一种方法可以使用strtok
:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
char str[] = "a;b;c;d;e\nf;g;h;i;j\n1;2;3;4;5\n";
char *line;
char *token;
char buf[256];
for (line = strtok (str, "\n"); line != NULL;
line = strtok (line + strlen (line) + 1, "\n"))
{
strncpy (buf, line, sizeof (buf));
printf ("Line: %s\n", buf);
for (token = strtok (buf, ";"); token != NULL;
token = strtok (token + strlen (token) + 1, ";"))
{
printf ("\tToken: %s\n", token);
}
}
return 0;
}
输出:
Line: a;b;c;d;e
Token: a
Token: b
Token: c
Token: d
Token: e
Line: f;g;h;i;j
Token: f
Token: g
Token: h
Token: i
Token: j
Line: 1;2;3;4;5
Token: 1
Token: 2
Token: 3
Token: 4
Token: 5