我试图通过R：
运行以下python代码csv2po.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright 2003-2006 Zuza Software Foundation
#
# This file is part of translate.
#
# translate is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# translate is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""Convert Comma-Separated Value (.csv) files to Gettext PO localization files.
See: http://docs.translatehouse.org/projects/translate-toolkit/en/latest/commands/csv2po.html
for examples and usage instructions.
"""
import logging
from translate.storage import csvl10n, po
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def replacestrings(source, *pairs):
"""Use ``pairs`` of ``(original, replacement)`` to replace text found in
``source``.
:param source: String to on which ``pairs`` of strings are to be replaced
:type source: String
:param \*pairs: Strings to be matched and replaced
:type \*pairs: One or more tuples of (original, replacement)
:return: String with ``*pairs`` of strings replaced
"""
for orig, new in pairs:
source = source.replace(orig, new)
return source
def quotecsvstr(source):
return '"' + \
replacestrings(source,
('\\"', '"'), ('"', '\\"'),
("\\\\'", "\\'"), ('\\\\n', '\\n')) + \
'"'
def simplify(string):
return ''.join(filter(type(string).isalnum, string))
class csv2po(object):
"""a class that takes translations from a .csv file and puts them in a .po
file
"""
def __init__(self, templatepo=None, charset=None, duplicatestyle="keep"):
"""construct the converter..."""
self.pofile = templatepo
self.charset = charset
self.duplicatestyle = duplicatestyle
self.commentindex = {}
self.sourceindex = {}
self.simpleindex = {}
self.csvfile = None
self.duplicatecomments = []
if self.pofile is not None:
self.unmatched = 0
self.makeindex()
def makeindex(self):
"""makes indexes required for searching..."""
for pounit in self.pofile.units:
joinedcomment = " ".join(pounit.getlocations())
source = pounit.source
# the definitive way to match is by source comment (joinedcomment)
if joinedcomment in self.commentindex:
# unless more than one thing matches...
self.duplicatecomments.append(joinedcomment)
else:
self.commentindex[joinedcomment] = pounit
# do simpler matching in case things have been mangled...
simpleid = simplify(source)
# but check for duplicates
if (simpleid in self.simpleindex and
not (source in self.sourceindex)):
# keep a list of them...
self.simpleindex[simpleid].append(pounit)
else:
self.simpleindex[simpleid] = [pounit]
# also match by standard msgid
self.sourceindex[source] = pounit
for comment in self.duplicatecomments:
if comment in self.commentindex:
del self.commentindex[comment]
def convertunit(self, csvunit):
"""converts csv unit to po unit"""
pounit = po.pounit(encoding="UTF-8")
if csvunit.location:
pounit.addlocation(csvunit.location)
pounit.source = csvunit.source
pounit.target = csvunit.target
return pounit
def handlecsvunit(self, csvunit):
"""handles reintegrating a csv unit into the .po file"""
if (len(csvunit.location.strip()) > 0 and
csvunit.location in self.commentindex):
pounit = self.commentindex[csvunit.location]
elif csvunit.source in self.sourceindex:
pounit = self.sourceindex[csvunit.source]
elif simplify(csvunit.source) in self.simpleindex:
thepolist = self.simpleindex[simplify(csvunit.source)]
if len(thepolist) > 1:
csvfilename = getattr(self.csvfile, "filename", "(unknown)")
matches = "\n ".join(["possible match: " +
pounit.source for pounit in thepolist])
logger.warning("%s - csv entry not unique in pofile, "
"multiple matches found:\n"
" location\t%s\n"
" original\t%s\n"
" translation\t%s\n"
" %s",
csvfilename, csvunit.location,
csvunit.source, csvunit.target, matches)
self.unmatched += 1
return
pounit = thepolist[0]
else:
csvfilename = getattr(self.csvfile, "filename", "(unknown)")
logger.warning("%s - csv entry not found in pofile:\n"
" location\t%s\n"
" original\t%s\n"
" translation\t%s",
csvfilename, csvunit.location,
csvunit.source, csvunit.target)
self.unmatched += 1
return
if pounit.hasplural():
# we need to work out whether we matched the singular or the plural
singularid = pounit.source.strings[0]
pluralid = pounit.source.strings[1]
if csvunit.source == singularid:
pounit.msgstr[0] = csvunit.target
elif csvunit.source == pluralid:
pounit.msgstr[1] = csvunit.target
elif simplify(csvunit.source) == simplify(singularid):
pounit.msgstr[0] = csvunit.target
elif simplify(csvunit.source) == simplify(pluralid):
pounit.msgstr[1] = csvunit.target
else:
logger.warning("couldn't work out singular/plural: %r, %r, %r",
csvunit.source, singularid, pluralid)
self.unmatched += 1
return
else:
pounit.target = csvunit.target
def convertstore(self, thecsvfile):
"""converts a csvfile to a pofile, and returns it. uses templatepo if
given at construction
"""
self.csvfile = thecsvfile
if self.pofile is None:
self.pofile = po.pofile()
mergemode = False
else:
mergemode = True
if self.pofile.units and self.pofile.units[0].isheader():
targetheader = self.pofile.units[0]
self.pofile.updateheader(content_type="text/plain; charset=UTF-8",
content_transfer_encoding="8bit")
else:
targetheader = self.pofile.makeheader(charset="UTF-8",
encoding="8bit")
targetheader.addnote("extracted from %s" % self.csvfile.filename,
"developer")
mightbeheader = True
for csvunit in self.csvfile.units:
#if self.charset is not None:
# csvunit.source = csvunit.source.decode(self.charset)
# csvunit.target = csvunit.target.decode(self.charset)
if mightbeheader:
# ignore typical header strings...
mightbeheader = False
if csvunit.match_header():
continue
if (len(csvunit.location.strip()) == 0 and
csvunit.source.find("Content-Type:") != -1):
continue
if mergemode:
self.handlecsvunit(csvunit)
else:
pounit = self.convertunit(csvunit)
self.pofile.addunit(pounit)
self.pofile.removeduplicates(self.duplicatestyle)
return self.pofile
def convertcsv(inputfile, outputfile, templatefile, charset=None,
columnorder=None, duplicatestyle="msgctxt"):
"""reads in inputfile using csvl10n, converts using csv2po, writes to
outputfile
"""
inputstore = csvl10n.csvfile(inputfile, fieldnames=columnorder)
if templatefile is None:
convertor = csv2po(charset=charset, duplicatestyle=duplicatestyle)
else:
templatestore = po.pofile(templatefile)
convertor = csv2po(templatestore, charset=charset,
duplicatestyle=duplicatestyle)
outputstore = convertor.convertstore(inputstore)
if outputstore.isempty():
return 0
outputstore.serialize(outputfile)
return 1
def main(argv=None):
from translate.convert import convert
formats = {
("csv", "po"): ("po", convertcsv),
("csv", "pot"): ("po", convertcsv),
("csv", None): ("po", convertcsv),
}
parser = convert.ConvertOptionParser(formats, usetemplates=True,
usepots=True,
description=__doc__)
parser.add_option(
"", "--charset", dest="charset", default=None,
help="set charset to decode from csv files", metavar="CHARSET")
parser.add_option(
"", "--columnorder", dest="columnorder", default=None,
help="specify the order and position of columns (location,source,target)")
parser.add_duplicates_option()
parser.passthrough.append("charset")
parser.passthrough.append("columnorder")
parser.run(argv)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
使用该功能：
system("python csv2po.py zh-po.csv zh_TW.po")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "csv2po.py", line 28, in <module>
from translate.storage import csvl10n, po
ImportError: No module named translate.storage
给出了上述错误。但是直接从终端运行脚本可以正常工作：
python csv2po.py zh-po.csv zh_TW.po
processing 1 files...
[###########################################] 100%
脚本也不能加载rPython：
require(rPython)
python.load("po2csv.py")
Error in python.exec(code, get.exception) :
'module' object has no attribute 'argv'
如何让R运行此代码？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您在终端中运行的不同Python可执行文件与R system()调用正在使用的可执行文件不同。后者以干净的shell开头，可以说并且不会继承您的PATH或PYTHONPATH变量。
如果您热衷于使用通常在终端中使用的Python可执行文件（最有可能），请找到该可执行文件的完整路径（例如，通过在终端中执行which python），以及提供system()电话的完整路径。
在您的具体情况下，请使用
system("/opt/local/bin/python csv2po.py zh-po.csv zh_TW.po")
然后，Python可执行文件将自动获取您安装的额外软件包。
我还建议指定其他三个文件（.py，.csv和.po文件）的完整路径，以便您可以安全地从另一个目录运行它。
如果您使用系统python（/usr/bin/python）安装软件包，请务必小心，因为/opt/local/bin/python可能无法找到这些软件包。