通过谷歌模块进行Python搜索会产生SSL：CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED错误

Question

我在Mac OSX上使用Python 3。 python3 -version给出： Python 3.6.3

我已经安装了certifi包。 python 3 -m pip install certifi回馈： Requirement already satisfied: certifi in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages

运行此代码时：

from google import search

for url in search('Hallo', tld='com', lang='en', num=1, stop=1):
    print(url)

结果是：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 407, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 814, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1068, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 689, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)

在处理上述异常期间，发生了另一个异常：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Google.py", line 4, in <module>
    for url in search('Hallo', tld='com', lang='en', num=1, stop=1):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/__init__.py", line 275, in search
    get_page(url_home % vars())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/__init__.py", line 121, in get_page
    response = urlopen(request)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 223, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:777)>

有什么问题？

我需要一种简单的方法来获取在Google中搜索特定字符串的网址。

有什么想法吗？

PS：我对python很新，我已经搜索了很多这个问题。你能不能试着给出一个容易理解的答案？

谢谢！

Answer 1

即使这个问题很旧，我也在回答，所以来这里遇到同样问题的人们知道如何解决此问题。

该问题与Google或图书馆无关。 对于我来说，您必须导航到安装Python的文件夹：

cd /Applications/Python\ 3.6/
open .

您也可以使用Finder执行此操作。只需转到Applications文件夹，搜索Python。

双击它：

然后，您必须双击Install Certificates.command。

这应该解决它。