我有一个简单的脚本连接到FTP服务器：
from ftplib import FTP
# Here is fine
ftp = FTP(host='')
ftp.login(user='', passwd='')
ftp.cwd('/test/')
# Here I got the error
ftp.nlst()
连接很好，每次我尝试使用命令列出FTP目录时都会发生错误，例如 nlst ， dir 甚至 retrlines（ 'LIST'）：
230 Login successful.
250 Directory successfully changed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "scripts/test.py", line 6, in <module>
print(a.nlst())
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 558, in nlst
self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 467, in retrlines
with self.transfercmd(cmd) as conn, \
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 398, in transfercmd
return self.ntransfercmd(cmd, rest)[0]
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ftplib.py", line 360, in ntransfercmd
source_address=self.source_address)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 712, in create_connection
raise err
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 703, in create_connection
sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused
我已经测试了与FileZilla的连接并且它工作正常，当我尝试使用python列出目录时，会发生此错误。如果我尝试通过python检索文件或创建目录，它将起作用，只有“list”命令才能解决问题。
环境：我正在使用debian 9和python3.5
我已经在我的机器上重新安装了两个蟒蛇（2和3），但没有奏效。 另外，我在Linux Mint中测试了相同的脚本，并且它运行正常。 谁能知道这可能是什么？感谢。
[编辑]
当我连接到同一台FTP服务器时，这是FileZilla日志（调试模式）：
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 0
Status: Connecting to XX.XXX.XXX.XXX:21...
Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message...
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 220 (vsFTPd 3.0.3)
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 2
Command: AUTH TLS
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 3
Command: AUTH SSL
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 530 Please login with USER and PASS.
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 3
Status: Insecure server, it does not support FTP over TLS.
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command: USER xxxxxx
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 331 Please specify the password.
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 5
Command: PASS ************
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 230 Login successful.
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 6
Command: SYST
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 215 UNIX Type: L8
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 6
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::Send() in state 7
Command: FEAT
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 211-Features:
Response: EPRT
Response: EPSV
Response: MDTM
Response: PASV
Response: REST STREAM
Response: SIZE
Response: TVFS
Response: 211 End
Trace: CFtpLogonOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Status: Server does not support non-ASCII characters.
Status: Logged in
Trace: Measured latency of 40 ms
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing...
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 1
Command: PWD
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 257 "/" is the current directory
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace: CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 1
Command: TYPE I
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 200 Switching to Binary mode.
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 1
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command: PASV
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,195,59).
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace: Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace: Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command: LIST
Trace: CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace: CTransferSocket::OnReceive(), m_transferMode=0
Trace: CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 226 Directory send OK.
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace: CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/" successful
Trace: CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Retrieving directory listing of "/test"...
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 0
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 0
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 4
Command: CWD files
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 250 Directory successfully changed.
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::Send() in state 5
Command: PWD
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 257 "/test" is the current directory
Trace: CFtpChangeDirOpData::ParseResponse() in state 5
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace: CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 1
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpListOpData::ListSend() in state 2
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 2
Command: PASV
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,167,55).
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 2
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
Trace: Reply: 0.0.0.0, peer: XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 4
Trace: Binding data connection source IP to control connection source IP XX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Command: LIST
Trace: CTransferSocket::OnConnect
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 150 Here comes the directory listing.
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 4
Trace: CControlSocket::SendNextCommand()
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::Send() in state 5
Trace: CTransferSocket::OnClose(0)
Trace: CTransferSocket::TransferEnd(1)
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::TransferEnd()
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::OnReceive()
Response: 226 Directory send OK.
Trace: CFtpRawTransferOpData::ParseResponse() in state 7
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ParseSubcommandResult(0)
Trace: CFtpListOpData::SubcommandResult() in state 3
Trace: CFtpControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Trace: CControlSocket::ResetOperation(0)
Status: Directory listing of "/test" successful
Trace: CFileZillaEnginePrivate::ResetOperation(0)
只是提醒代码在其他机器上工作正常，当我尝试列出FTP中的任何目录时，问题只发生在Debian中。
谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：0)
Command: PASV
Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (0,0,0,0,195,59).
Status: Server sent passive reply with unroutable address. Using server address instead.
您的FTP服务器配置错误。或者更确切地说是vsftpd returns 0,0,0,0 in response to PASV中描述的vsftpd错误。
虽然FileZilla可以启发式地解决这个问题，但许多其他FTP客户端和库将（正当地）失败。
我无法想象你的代码如何在“其他机器”上运行。除非他们和FTP服务器网络之间的防火墙/ NAT修复了227响应（不太可能）。 如果您想进一步调查（可能不值得），我们需要程序的FTP会话的日志文件（例如，使用服务器端日志的Wireshark）。