如何防止子菜单流出屏幕，使窗口尺寸过窄时显得更左？

时间：2017-10-18 09:34:19

标签： css css3

我试图阻止子菜单创建水平滚动条，当窗口/屏幕尺寸变得太小时，屏幕会流出屏幕。

imgage to clarify the problem

我不知道菜单中的标签（单词）会有多长。 我尝试根据其内容（单词的长度）制作子菜单的宽度，但这导致不可解决的（至少对我来说）根据子菜单的可变宽度动态定位子菜单的问题。

这也是link to a pen 

jQuery( document ).ready( function( $ ) {

		// add JS-classes into the HTML-Tag
		$('html').addClass('js');

		// add classes for sub menus and sub menus toggle button
		$(".site-nav li > ul").parent('li').addClass('has-sub-menu');
		$(".site-nav li > ul").addClass('sub-menu');

		// create button for expand- und collapse the menu and render it into the header
		var create_toggle_nav_button = ['<div class="toggle-site-nav">Menu</div>'].join("");
		$("header").append(create_toggle_nav_button); 

		// create button for expand- und collapse the sub menu  for mobile view and add them to all sub menus
		var create_sub_toggle_button = ['<span class="toggle-sub-menu"></span>'].join("");
		$(".has-sub-menu > a").after(create_sub_toggle_button);

		// define variables
		var $menu = $('.site-nav'),
		$toggle_nav = $('.toggle-site-nav'),
		$toggle_sub_menu = $('.toggle-sub-menu');

		// collapse and expand function of the main menu
		$toggle_nav.click(function(e) {
			e.preventDefault();
			$menu.slideToggle();
		});

		// collapse and expand function of the drop down menu for mobile view
		$toggle_sub_menu.click(function(e) {
			e.preventDefault();
			var $this = $(this);
			$this.toggleClass('active').next('ul').slideToggle();
		});

		// display hidden elements again, when browserwindow is resized by user
		$(window).resize(function(){
		  var w = $(window).width();
		  if(w > 900) {
			  $('.site-nav').removeAttr('style');
			  $('.sub-menu').removeAttr('style');
		  }
	  	});

	  	// collapse navigation automatically to the left, when it run out of the viewport
		$(".site-nav .has-sub-menu").on('mouseenter mouseleave', function (e) {

	        var nav_element = $('ul:first', this);
	        var element_offset = nav_element .offset();
	        var element_offset_left = element_offset.left;
	        var element_width = nav_element.width();
	        var viewport_width = $(window).width();

	        var element_in_viewport = (element_offset_left + element_width <= viewport_width);
	                 
	        if ( ! element_in_viewport ) {
	            $(this).addClass('sub-left');
	        } else {
	            $(this).removeClass('sub-left');
	        }
	    });
		
});
* {
 	margin:0;
	padding:0;
	list-style:none;
	-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;
	-moz-box-sizing:border-box;
	box-sizing:border-box;
	font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

body::after {
	content:'';
	position: fixed;
	bottom:1em;
	right:1em;
	opacity: 0.5;
	font-size: 0.8em;
	z-index: 9999;
}

header {
	width:100%;
	background: white;
}

.container {
	max-width:1000px;
	margin:0 auto;
 }

.logo {
	display:block;
	width:100%;
	padding:1em;
	text-decoration:none;
	color:gray; /* ? */
}

.site-nav {
	z-index: 9999;
}

.site-nav>ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  align-items: stretch;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin: auto;
}

.site-nav >ul> li {
	display: inline-block;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  width:auto;
  padding:0;
}

.site-nav a {
	display:inline-flex;
  align-content: stretch;
  padding:1em;
  white-space: nowrap;
	text-decoration:none;
  height:100%;
	width:100%;
	color:white;     /* text color of all */
	background:#5a595a; /* background color main nav Link 1 */
	border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
	z-index: 9999;
}

.site-nav a:hover {
	background:rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* mouseover color Link 1 and Link 1.1 */
}

.js .site-nav {
	display:none;
}

.js .sub-menu {
	display:none;
  position:absolute;
  top:100%;
  left:0px;
  z-index: 99999;
}

.js .sub-menu .sub-menu {
  top:0px;
  right:100%;
  left:auto;
  text-align:right;
}

  .js .has-sub-menu { 
  position:relative;
  top:100%;
  left:0px;
}

.sub-menu li:last-of-type {
	padding-bottom:0;
}

.sub-menu a {
	background:#676567; /* background color menu 2.1 only */
}

.sub-menu .sub-menu a {
	background:#747274; /* background color menu 2.1.1 only */
}

.sub-menu .sub-menu a:hover {
	background:rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* mouseover color Link 1 and Link 1.1 */
}

/* toggles */

.toggle-site-nav {
	background:#5a595a; /* background color of menu button when resized */
	display:block;
	position:absolute;
	right:0;
	top:0;
	padding:1em;
	color:white; /* text color of the word menu in menu button when resized */
	cursor:pointer;
	z-index: 9999;
}

.toggle-site-nav:hover {
	background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5); /* mouseover color of menu button when resized */
}

.toggle-sub-menu {
	display:none;
}

.js .toggle-sub-menu {
	display:flex;
  position:absolute;
  align-content: center;
  right:0em;
 	top:1.05em; /* hight of the borders */
	background:#817e81; /* backgound of annoying squares when resized */
	height: 15px;
	width: 15px;
	cursor:pointer;
  z-index: 10000;
}

.js .toggle-sub-menu.active {
	background: #DCDCDC; /* color of annoying square after clicking on it when resized */
}
	
.toggle-sub-menu:hover,
.toggle-sub-menu.active:hover  {
	background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* mouseover of annoying squares when resized */
}


@media screen and (min-width:900px) {
	
	.logo {
		width:auto;
		float:left;	
	}
	
	.site-nav {
		width:auto;
		display: flex !important;
	}

	.site-nav a {
		border:none;
	}
	
	.site-nav li {
		width:auto;
		padding:0;
	}

	.site-nav li:hover {
		background:rgba(52,50,52,1); /* mouseover background color of all menu */
	}

	.has-sub-menu a {
		padding-right: 2em; /* check this value */
	}

	.has-sub-menu:after { /* check this for editing the stripes */
		display:flex;
    content:'';
		position: absolute;
    align-content: center;
		top:1.2em;
		right: 0;
		width:1em;
		height:30%;
		background:#817e81; /* color of stripes in main menu when it has submenu */
	}

	/* sub menu */
	.site-nav li:hover > .sub-menu {
		display: block;
	  	position: absolute;
	  	width: 300px; /* width of sub menus */
	  	padding: 0 25px 25px 25px;
	  	left: -25px;
	}

	.sub-menu {display:none;}
	
	.sub-menu li {
		width:100%;	
	}
	
	.sub-menu > a {
		width:100%;
		display:block;	
	}

	.has-sub-menu .has-sub-menu:after {
		background:#817e81; /* color of stripes of Link 2.1 menu when it has submenu */
	}
	
	.has-sub-menu .has-sub-menu:hover .sub-menu {
		display:block;	
		position:absolute;
	  	width: 300px; /* width of subsub menues */
	  	padding: 0 25px 25px 25px;
	  	left: 224px;
	  	top: 0px;
	}
	
	.toggle-site-nav,
	.toggle-sub-menu {
		display:none !important;	
	}

	/* navigations items, which collapse to the left */

	.sub-left > .sub-menu {
		left:auto;
		right:0;
	}

	.site-nav .sub-menu .sub-left > .sub-menu {
		left:-275px;
	}
}

@media (max-width :899px){
  .site-nav {
    z-index: 999999999999999999;
    margin-top: 19px;
  }
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<header>
  <div class="container">

    <a href="#" class="logo"></a>
    <nav class="site-nav">
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 2</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a>
              <ul>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.1</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.3</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.4</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">loooooong</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.3</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">loooooooooooooooooong</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.5</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 4</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 5</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 6</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 7</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.3</a>
              <ul>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.1</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">loooooooong</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.4</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.5</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.4</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.5</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 8</a></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>

  </div>
</header>

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