我正在使用Swift 4并尝试解析一些JSON数据,显然在某些情况下可以为同一个键设置不同的类型值,例如:
{
"type": 0.0
}
和
{
"type": "12.44591406"
}
我实际上坚持定义我的struct
,因为我无法弄清楚如何处理这种情况,因为
struct ItemRaw: Codable {
let parentType: String
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case parentType = "type"
}
}
抛出"Expected to decode String but found a number instead."
,当然,
struct ItemRaw: Codable {
let parentType: Float
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case parentType = "type"
}
}
相应地抛出"Expected to decode Float but found a string/data instead."
。
在定义struct
时如何处理此(及类似)案例?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
我在尝试解码/编码"编辑过的#34;时遇到了同样的问题。 Reddit列表JSON响应的字段。我创建了一个结构,表示给定键可能存在的动态类型。键可以有布尔值或整数。
{ "edited": false }
{ "edited": 123456 }
如果您只需要能够解码,只需实现init(from :)。如果您需要双向进行,则需要实现encode(to :)函数。
struct Edited: Codable {
let isEdited: Bool
let editedTime: Int
// Where we determine what type the value is
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
// Check for a boolean
do {
isEdited = try container.decode(Bool.self)
editedTime = 0
} catch {
// Check for an integer
editedTime = try container.decode(Int.self)
isEdited = true
}
}
// We need to go back to a dynamic type, so based on the data we have stored, encode to the proper type
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
try isEdited ? container.encode(editedTime) : container.encode(false)
}
}
在我的Codable类中,然后我使用我的结构。
struct Listing: Codable {
let edited: Edited
}
编辑:针对您的方案的更具体的解决方案
我建议使用CodingKey协议和枚举来解码时存储所有属性。当您创建符合Codable的内容时,编译器将为您创建一个私有枚举CodingKeys。这使您可以根据JSON对象属性键决定要执行的操作。
例如,这是我正在解码的JSON:
{"type": "1.234"}
{"type": 1.234}
如果你想从String转换为Double,因为你只需要double值,只需解码字符串然后从中创建一个double。 (这是Itai Ferber正在做的事情,你必须使用try decoder.decode解码所有属性(类型:forKey :))
struct JSONObjectCasted: Codable {
let type: Double?
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
// Decode all fields and store them
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self) // The compiler creates coding keys for each property, so as long as the keys are the same as the property names, we don't need to define our own enum.
// First check for a Double
do {
type = try container.decode(Double.self, forKey: .type)
} catch {
// The check for a String and then cast it, this will throw if decoding fails
if let typeValue = Double(try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .type)) {
type = typeValue
} else {
// You may want to throw here if you don't want to default the value(in the case that it you can't have an optional).
type = nil
}
}
// Perform other decoding for other properties.
}
}
如果需要将类型与值一起存储,则可以使用符合Codable而不是struct的枚举。然后你可以使用带有"类型"的switch语句。 JSONObjectCustomEnum的属性,并根据大小写执行操作。
struct JSONObjectCustomEnum: Codable {
let type: DynamicJSONProperty
}
// Where I can represent all the types that the JSON property can be.
enum DynamicJSONProperty: Codable {
case double(Double)
case string(String)
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
// Decode the double
do {
let doubleVal = try container.decode(Double.self)
self = .double(doubleVal)
} catch DecodingError.typeMismatch {
// Decode the string
let stringVal = try container.decode(String.self)
self = .string(stringVal)
}
}
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
switch self {
case .double(let value):
try container.encode(value)
case .string(let value):
try container.encode(value)
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:5)
一个简单的解决方案是提供init(from:)
的实现,它尝试将值解析为String
,如果由于类型错误而失败,请尝试解码为Double
}:
public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
do {
self.parentType = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .parentType)
} catch DecodingError.typeMismatch {
let value = try container.decode(Double.self, forKey: .parentType)
self.parentType = "\(value)"
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我必须解码作为字符串给出的PHP/MySQL/PDO
双精度值,在这种情况下,我必须扩展KeyedDecodingContainer
,就像这样:
extension KeyedDecodingContainer {
func decode(forKey key: KeyedDecodingContainer.Key) throws -> Double {
do {
let str = try self.decode(String.self, forKey: key)
if let dbl = Double(str) {
return dbl
}
} catch DecodingError.typeMismatch {
return try self.decode(Double.self, forKey: key)
}
let context = DecodingError.Context(codingPath: self.codingPath,
debugDescription: "Wrong Money Value")
throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(Double.self, context)
}
}
用法:
let data = """
{"value":"1.2"}
""".data(using: .utf8)!
struct Test: Decodable {
let value: Double
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case value
}
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
self.value = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
.decode(forKey: CodingKeys.value)
}
}
try JSONDecoder().decode(Test.self, from: data).value