Question

我在这个问题上看过很多帖子，但似乎无法使我的C＃代码正常工作。

基本上，我有一个XML文档，其中包含名为“color”的元素，我希望我的函数addColor在xml中添加新元素和值（如果它尚不存在）。我知道硬编码是不好的做法，我打算改变它，我只需要先解决这个问题。

我的问题是，为什么我的代码不会循环遍历每个“颜色”元素，并且一旦当前元素值与函数的输入值匹配就会中断？

以下是我当前的XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
 <configuration>
   <color>Black</color>
   <color>Brown</color>
   <color>Gray</color>
  <color>Orange</color>
  <color>Pink</color>
  <color>Purple</color>
  <color>Red</color>
  <color>White</color>
  <color>Yellow</color>
</configuration>

我的代码如下所示：

        public void addColor(string newColor)
    {
        XmlDocument document = new XmlDocument();
        //adds child element to Make element
        try
        {

            document.Load("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");

            XmlNode root = document.DocumentElement;
            XmlNodeList nodes = root.SelectNodes("configuration");
            foreach (XmlNode node in nodes)
            {
                if (node.Value == newColor)
                {
                    break;
                }
            }


                XmlElement childElement = document.CreateElement("color");
            childElement.InnerText = newColor;
            XmlNode parentNode = document.SelectSingleNode("configuration");
            parentNode.InsertAfter(childElement, parentNode.LastChild);
            document.Save("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");


        }//try
        catch (XmlException e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            Console.WriteLine("Exception object Line, pos: (" + e.LineNumber + "," + e.LinePosition + ")");
        }//end catch
    }//end addMake function

Answer 1

这将解决它。由于存在多个问题，我将解释直接作为注释放在代码中。

public void addColor(string newColor)
{
    XmlDocument document = new XmlDocument();
    //adds child element to Make element
    try
    {
        document.Load("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");

        XmlNode root = document.DocumentElement;

        // "configuration" node is what you already have in "root" variable.
        // You want to select "color" nodes that are children of this root element
        XmlNodeList nodes = root.SelectNodes("color");
        //XmlNodeList nodes = root.SelectNodes("configuration");

        foreach (XmlNode node in nodes)
        {
            // node.Value returns null for node elements - see
            // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.xml.xmlnode.value?f1url=https%3A%2F%2Fmsdn.microsoft.com%2Fquery%2Fdev15.query%3FappId%3DDev15IDEF1%26l%3DEN-US%26k%3Dk(System.Xml.XmlNode.Value);k(TargetFrameworkMoniker-.NETFramework,Version%3Dv4.7);k(DevLang-csharp)%26rd%3Dtrue&view=netframework-4.7
            // You must use node.InnerText instead
            if (node.InnerText == newColor)
            //if (node.Value == newColor)
            {
                // BREAK would only exit from foreach loop, but method
                // would continue execution immediately after foreach
                // i.e. with document.CreateElement("color");
                // and new color node would be added regardless of
                // whether it already exists or not.
                // RETURN exits method completely
                return;
                //break;
            }
        }

        XmlElement childElement = document.CreateElement("color");
        childElement.InnerText = newColor;
        XmlNode parentNode = document.SelectSingleNode("configuration");
        parentNode.InsertAfter(childElement, parentNode.LastChild);
        document.Save("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");


    }//try
    catch (XmlException e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
        Console.WriteLine("Exception object Line, pos: (" + e.LineNumber + "," + e.LinePosition + ")");
    }//end catch
}//end addMake function

您也可以使用LINQ to XML代替，这通常会产生更短且更易读的代码：

public static void addColor2(string newColor)
{
    var document = XDocument.Load("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");
    if(!document.Root.Elements("color").Any(element => element.Value == newColor))
    {
        document.Root.Add(new XElement("color", newColor));
        document.Save("C:\\Users\\tobiajj1\\Desktop\\XML_C#\\testDetailManager\\original.xml");
    }
}

在添加新元素之前，如何检查C＃中是否存在XML元素？

1 个答案: