Question

我正在尝试针对架构验证插入的文档，并试图找到一种方法来验证插入的文档。

像MongoEngine这样的图书馆表示他们会做这项工作，但有没有办法直接通过pymongo进行文件验证？

Answer 1

python驱动程序文档确实对如何使用db.command有所帮助。这是一个完整的工作示例：

from pymongo import MongoClient
from collections import OrderedDict
import sys

client = MongoClient()   # supply connection args as appropriate 
db = client.testX

db.myColl.drop()

db.create_collection("myColl")  # Force create!

#  $jsonSchema expression type is prefered.  New since v3.6 (2017):
vexpr = {"$jsonSchema":
  {
         "bsonType": "object",
         "required": [ "name", "year", "major", "gpa" ],
         "properties": {
            "name": {
               "bsonType": "string",
               "description": "must be a string and is required"
            },
            "gender": {
               "bsonType": "string",
               "description": "must be a string and is not required"
            },
            "year": {
               "bsonType": "int",
               "minimum": 2017,
               "maximum": 3017,
               "exclusiveMaximum": False,
               "description": "must be an integer in [ 2017, 3017 ] and is required"
            },
            "major": {
               "enum": [ "Math", "English", "Computer Science", "History", None ],
               "description": "can only be one of the enum values and is required"
            },
            "gpa": {
               "bsonType": [ "double" ],
               "minimum": 0,
               "description": "must be a double and is required"
            }
         }
  }
}

query = [('collMod', 'myColl'),
        ('validator', vexpr),
        ('validationLevel', 'moderate')]
query = OrderedDict(query)
db.command(query)

try:
    db.myColl.insert({"x":1})
    print "NOT good; the insert above should have failed."
except:
    print "OK. Expected exception:", sys.exc_info()    

try:
    okdoc = {"name":"buzz", "year":2019, "major":"Math", "gpa":3.8}
    db.myColl.insert(okdoc)
    print "All good."
except:
    print "exc:", sys.exc_info()

Answer 2

MongoDB支持引擎级别的文档验证，因此您可以通过pymongo获取它。你宣布你的＆＃34;架构＆＃34; （实际上是规则）到引擎。这是一个很好的起点：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/document-validation/

Answer 3

您可以为文档验证模式创建一个单独的JSON文件，如下所示：

    {
      "collMod": "users",
      "validator": {
        "$jsonSchema": {
          "bsonType": "object",
          "required": ["email", "password","name"],
          "properties": {
            "email": {
              "bsonType": "string",
              "description": "Correo Electrónico"
            },
            "password": {
              "bsonType": "string",
              "description": "Una representación Hash de la contraseña"
            },
            "name": {
              "bsonType": "object",
              "required": ["first", "last"],
              "description": "Objeto que separa los nombres y apellidos",
              "properties":  {
                "first": {
                  "bsonType": "string",
                  "description": "Primer y segundo nombre"
                },
                "last": {
                  "bsonType": "string",
                  "description": "Primer y segundo apellido"
                }
              }
            },
          }
        }
      }
    }

然后您可以在python脚本中使用，例如：

from pymongo import MongoClient
import json #parse JSON  file as dict
from collections import OrderedDict #preserve the order (key, value) in the gived insertions on the dict

client = MongoClient("your_mongo_uri")
db = client.your_db_name 

with open('your_schema_file.json', 'r') as j:
    d = json.loads(j.read())

d = OrderedDict(d)

db.command(d)

OrderedDict Info

collMod Info

Schema Validation Info

Pymongo是否内置了验证规则？

3 个答案: