Django应用程序无法识别静态文件

时间:2017-10-02 06:46:56

标签: django django-staticfiles django-settings static-files

我有一个Django应用程序,我无法加载静态文件。我的模板已完全加载,但无法加载CSS和JS文件。这是我的文件:

zeinab@ZiZi:~/Desktop/MyProject$ tree
.
├── __init__.py
├── manage.py
├── myapp
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── lib
│   │   ├── decorators.py
│   │   ├── dorsa_forms.py
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── utils.py
│   ├── log
│   ├── media
│   │   └── admin
│   │       └── background_login
│   │           └── bg1.jpg
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── static
│   │   ├── calendar.js
│   │   └── inbox.css
│   ├── templates
│   │   ├── 404.html
│   │   ├── base.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── views.py
│   └── wsgi.py
└── requirements.txt

8 directories, 18 files

当我runserver时,我会为每个CSS和JS文件获得"GET /static/file/url HTTP/1.1" 404 1265。这是 MyProject / manage.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myapp.settings")
    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

这是 MyProject / myapp / settings.py

import os
from django.contrib.messages import constants as messages

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'sorl.thumbnail',
    'myapp.lib',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.cache.FetchFromCacheMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)

SITE_ID = 1

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'myapp.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
    'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
    'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates")],
    'APP_DIRS': True,
    'OPTIONS': {
        'context_processors': [
            'django.template.context_processors.debug',
            'django.template.context_processors.i18n',
            'django.template.context_processors.request',
            'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
            'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            'django.template.context_processors.i18n',
        ],
    },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myapp.wsgi.application'

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
)
STATIC_ROOT = '/myapp/static/'

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media")
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'log')

DEBUG = True

这是 MyProject / myapp / urls.py

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
from .views import default
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', default, name='default'),
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

这是 MyProject / myapp / wsgi.py

import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myapp.settings")
application = get_wsgi_application()

编辑1:

我已将 MyProject / myapp / urls.py 更改为以下内容:

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.views import static
from django.contrib import admin
from .views import default

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', default, name='default'),
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^public/(?P<path>.*)$', static.serve, {
    'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT
}, name='url_public'),
]

我最终得到了相同的结果。

编辑2:

我还尝试使用urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)代替urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns(),然后尝试collectstatic; collectstatic已成功完成,但仍会打开网址返回"GET /static/file/url HTTP/1.1" 404 1265

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

在你的urls.py中,你忘了说如何“计算”静态路径文件。

而不是:

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

试试这个:

from django.views import static

urlpatterns = [
    # [...]
    url(r'^public/(?P<path>.*)$', static.serve, {
        'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT
    }, name='url_public'),
]

并在您的模板文件中(您没有提供示例),请尝试:

{% load static %}
<h1>{% static 'calendar.js' %}</h1>

不要忘记使用PyCharm,因为它对这些事情有很大的帮助(它识别路径,你将在模板文件中获得自动完成功能(Ctrl + Space))。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

替换

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

通过

urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

staticfiles_urlpatterns()仅用于调试以获得静态文件的显示视图。正如https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/contrib/staticfiles/所述,绝不应该在生产中使用

注意:STATIC_ROOT&amp; MEDIA_ROOT仅在您收集静态时使用collectstatic manage.py。它指定存储静态和媒体文件的绝对路径(通常为/var/www/myapp/static/var/www/myapp/media