使用C ++中的向量从文本文件中读取矩阵

时间:2017-09-28 21:31:58

标签: c++ loops matrix vector io

我们在文本文件中有一个矩阵,数字之间有逗号,但每行末尾没有逗号。

1,2,3,4
7,8,2,1
3,4,5,6
7,2,1,3

我试图用这样的2D数组来做这件事,但它并没有真正解决,因为矩阵的大小也是未知的。

string array[4][4];
int id;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { // go through each line
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
           getline(filein, numbers, ',');
           array[i][j] = numbers;
           cout << array[i][j] << endl;
    }
}

我想用2D矢量做到这一点,但我不知道该怎么做。就像用

创建一个向量之后
vector<vector<string>> matrix;

我应该在循环中再创建一个向量吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

使用矢量矢量。以下是每行的评论:

std::vector<std::vector<int>> v;       // declare vector of vectors
std::ifstream ifs("myfile.txt");       // open the file
std::string tempstr;                   // declare a temporary string
int tempint;                           // declare a temporary integer
char delimiter;                        // declare a temporary delimiter
while (std::getline(ifs, tempstr)) {   // read line by line from a file into a string
    std::istringstream iss(tempstr);   // initialize the stringstream with that string
    std::vector<int> tempv;            // declare a temporary vector for the row
    while (iss >> tempint) {           // extract the numbers from a stringstream
        tempv.push_back(tempint);      // push it onto our temporary vector
        iss >> delimiter;              // read the , delimiter
    }
    v.push_back(tempv);                // push the vector onto vector of vectors
}

完整的源代码是:

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

int main() {
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> v;
    std::ifstream ifs("myfile.txt");
    std::string tempstr;
    int tempint;
    char delimiter;

    while (std::getline(ifs, tempstr)) {
        std::istringstream iss(tempstr);
        std::vector<int> tempv;
        while (iss >> tempint) {
            tempv.push_back(tempint);
            iss >> delimiter;
        }
        v.push_back(tempv);
    }

    for (auto row : v) {
        for (auto el : row) {
            std::cout << el << ' ';
        }
        std::cout << "\n";
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

使用双std::vector,逐行读取文件,并解析逗号,您就完成了。每次阅读一行时,将向量的大小增加1.您可以使用std::vector::resize()执行该操作。

示例,将您的文件用作&#34; matrix.txt&#34;:

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>

int main(void) {
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> matrix;
    std::ifstream infile("matrix.txt");
    int a, b, c, d;
    char comma;
    while (infile >> a >> comma >> b >> comma >> c >> comma >> d)
    {
        //std::cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << " " << d << std::endl;
        matrix.resize(matrix.size() + 1);
        matrix[matrix.size() - 1].push_back(a);
        matrix[matrix.size() - 1].push_back(b);
        matrix[matrix.size() - 1].push_back(c);
        matrix[matrix.size() - 1].push_back(d);
    }

    for(auto row: matrix) {
        for(auto v: row) {
            std::cout << v << " ";
        }
        std::cout << "\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

输出:

Georgioss-MacBook-Pro:~ gsamaras$ g++ -std=c++0x main.cpp 
Georgioss-MacBook-Pro:~ gsamaras$ ./a.out 
1 2 3 4 
7 8 2 1 
3 4 5 6 
7 2 1 3