Question

我搜索了一个在多个列上对DataGridView进行排序的示例，但似乎无法找到符合我想要的示例。

基本上，我有一个绑定的DataGridView控件（绑定到DataTable / DataView），绑定的DataTable有两列： - priority和date。我想按优先顺序按日期排序。也就是说，优先级列采用优先级，然后是日期，但两者都可以是升序或降序。

因此，例如，我可能具有低优先级，早期日期优先（按优先级asc，日期asc排序），并且通过单击日期列标题，切换到低优先级，延迟日期第一个（按优先级顺序排列，日期为desc）。如果我然后单击优先级，我希望首先具有高优先级，然后是较晚的日期（日期列的当前排序顺序 - 按优先级desc排序，日期desc），但是然后能够单击日期列标题以切换到高优先级，早期日期（按优先级desc排序，日期asc）。

理想情况下，我想在两列上对字形进行排序以显示升序或降序。

任何想法或指示都会感激不尽。

这（见下文）似乎非常接近，但字形无法正常工作。

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication4
{
  public partial class Form1 : Form
  {
     DataSet1 dataset;

     public Form1()
     {
        InitializeComponent();

        dataset = new DataSet1(); // two columns: Priority(Int32) and date (DateTime)
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("01-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("02-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("03-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("04-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("05-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("06-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("07-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("08-jan-10"));
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("09-jan-10"));

        dataGridView1.DataSource = dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView;

        dataGridView1.AllowUserToAddRows = false;

        dataGridView1.Columns[0].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;
        dataGridView1.Columns[1].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;

        dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Ascending;
        dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Ascending;
     }

     private void dataGridView1_ColumnHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
     {
        DataGridViewColumn[] column = new[] { dataGridView1.Columns[0], dataGridView1.Columns[1] };

        DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell headerCell = dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].HeaderCell;

        if (headerCell.SortGlyphDirection != SortOrder.Ascending)
           headerCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Ascending;
        else
           headerCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Descending;

        String sort = column[0].DataPropertyName + " " + fnSortDirection(column[0])
                    + ", "
                    + column[1].DataPropertyName + " " + fnSortDirection(column[1]);
        dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView.Sort = sort;
        this.textBox1.Text = sort;
     }

     private String fnSortDirection(DataGridViewColumn column)
     {
        return column.HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection != SortOrder.Descending ? "asc" : "desc";
     }
  }
}

Answer 1

我第一次阅读本文时，我完全错过了同时按多个列排序的部分（我的错，不是你的;问题非常明确）。

如果是这种情况，您将不得不编写自己处理此问题的代码。默认情况下，提供的DataGridView控件不支持多列排序。幸运的是，其他人已经为你实现了很多工作。以下是一些示例：

DataGridView Multi-column Sort（CodeProject）
How To Allow To Sort By Multiple Columns in Custom Data Binding（CodeProject）

或者，如果将DataGridView绑定到数据源，则可以在多个列上对该数据源进行排序，DataGridView控件将遵循该排序。任何实现IBindingListView并公开Sort属性的数据源都可用于多列排序。

但是，无论您选择启用多列排序的路径如何，在强制DataGridView在多列上显示排序箭头字形时，您都不会取得太大成功。这里最简单的解决方案是自定义绘制列标题以提供您自己的排序字形。

为此，请将处理程序附加到DataGridView.CellPainting event并检查RowIndex为-1（表示列标题）。有一个所有者绘制的列标题here的完整示例。我强烈建议坚持使用传统的箭头图标，但是一旦你走这条路线，选项真的是无限的。您可以使列标题看起来像您想要的任何内容，甚至可以使用不同的图标指示排序顺序中每列的相对权重。

您还可以选择从DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell派生新课程并覆盖其Paint method。这可能是一种更清洁，更面向对象的方式来完成同样的事情。

Answer 2

当 DataGridView 绑定到 DataSource （ DataView，BindingSource，Table，DataSet +“tablename”）时，它会引用<强>数据视图即可。获取对此DataView的引用，并根据需要设置排序（和过滤器）：

DataView dv = null;
CurrencyManager cm = (CurrencyManager)(dgv.BindingContext[dgv.DataSource, dgv.DataMember]);

if (cm.List is BindingSource)
{
    // In case of BindingSource it may be chain of BindingSources+relations
    BindingSource bs = (BindingSource)cm.List;
    while (bs.List is BindingSource)
    { bs = bs.List as BindingSource; }

    if (bs.List is DataView)
    { dv = bs.List as DataView; }
}
else if (cm.List is DataView)
{
    // dgv bind to the DataView, Table or DataSet+"tablename"
    dv = cm.List as DataView;
}

if (dv != null)
{
    dv.Sort = "somedate desc, firstname";
    // dv.Filter = "lastname = 'Smith' OR lastname = 'Doe'";

    //  You can Set the Glyphs something like this:
    int somedateColIdx = 5;    // somedate
    int firstnameColIdx = 3;   // firstname
    dgv.Columns[somedateColIdx].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Descending;
    dgv.Columns[firstnameColIdx].HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = SortOrder.Ascending;
}

注意：排序和过滤器中使用的列名对应于DataTable中的列名， DataGridView中的列名是用于绑定的基础数据属性名称（类的属性名称，DataTables的列名称等）。您可以像这样在DataView中使用列名：

string colName = dgv.Columns[colIdx].DataPropertyName

取决于您希望如何跟踪排序列（colSequence，colName，asc / desc，dgvColIdx），您可以决定如何构建Sort和Filter表达式并在dgv中设置SortGlyph（为简单起见，我制作了硬编码）。

Answer 3

确定。

根据Cody的上述建议，我现在有了一些似乎按预期工作的东西。我已经对HeaderCell进行了细分并覆盖了Paint方法（但是通过在base.Paint之前立即设置SortGlyphDirection来作弊）并且DGV现在绘制了多个排序字形。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication4
{
  public partial class Form1 : Form
  {
     DataSet1 dataset;

     public Form1()
     {
        InitializeComponent();

        dataset = new DataSet1(); // three columns: Priority(Int32), Date (DateTime) and Description(String)
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("01-jan-10"), "this");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("02-jan-10"), "is");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(1, DateTime.Parse("03-jan-10"), "a");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("04-jan-10"), "sample");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("05-jan-10"), "of");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(2, DateTime.Parse("06-jan-10"), "the");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("07-jan-10"), "data");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("08-jan-10"), "in");
        dataset.DataTable1.AddDataTable1Row(3, DateTime.Parse("09-jan-10"), "use");

        dataGridView1.DataSource = dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView;

        dataGridView1.AllowUserToAddRows = false;

        dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderCell = new MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell();
        dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderCell = new MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell();

        dataGridView1.Columns[0].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;
        dataGridView1.Columns[1].SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.Programmatic;
     }

     private void dataGridView1_ColumnHeaderMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
     {
        DataGridViewColumn clickedColumn = dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex];

        if (clickedColumn.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
        {
           DoMultiColumnSort();
        }
        else
        {
           dataGridView1.Columns.OfType<DataGridViewColumn>()
                                .Where(column => column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
                                .ForEach(column => ((MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)column.HeaderCell).SortOrderDirection = SortOrder.None);
        }

        this.textBox1.Text = dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView.Sort;
     }

     private void DoMultiColumnSort()
     {
        var sortClauses = dataGridView1.Columns.OfType<DataGridViewColumn>()
                                               .Where(column => column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
                                               .Select(column => GetSortClause(column));

        dataset.DataTable1.DefaultView.Sort = String.Join(",", sortClauses);
     }

     private String GetSortClause(DataGridViewColumn column)
     {
        SortOrder direction = column.HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection;

        if (column.HeaderCell is MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)
        {
           direction = ((MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)column.HeaderCell).SortOrderDirection;
        }

        return column.DataPropertyName + " " + (direction == SortOrder.Descending ? "DESC" : "ASC");
     }
  }

  public partial class MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell : DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell
  {
     public SortOrder SortOrderDirection { get; set; } // defaults to zero = SortOrder.None;

     protected override void Paint(System.Drawing.Graphics graphics, System.Drawing.Rectangle clipBounds, System.Drawing.Rectangle cellBounds, int rowIndex, DataGridViewElementStates dataGridViewElementState, object value, object formattedValue, string errorText, DataGridViewCellStyle cellStyle, DataGridViewAdvancedBorderStyle advancedBorderStyle, DataGridViewPaintParts paintParts)
     {
        this.SortGlyphDirection = this.SortOrderDirection;
        base.Paint(graphics, clipBounds, cellBounds, rowIndex, dataGridViewElementState, value, formattedValue, errorText, cellStyle, advancedBorderStyle, paintParts);
     }

     public override object Clone()
     {
        MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell result = (MyDataGridViewColumnHeaderCell)base.Clone();
        result.SortOrderDirection = this.SortOrderDirection;
        return result;
     }

     protected override void OnClick(DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
     {
        this.SortOrderDirection = (this.SortOrderDirection != SortOrder.Ascending) ? SortOrder.Ascending : SortOrder.Descending;
        base.OnClick(e);
     }
  }

  public static partial class Extensions
  {
     public static void ForEach<T>(this IEnumerable<T> value, Action<T> action) { foreach (T item in value) { action(item); } }
  }
}

Answer 4

我从来没有在这里回答过一个问题，所以如果格式不正确我会道歉，但我找到了这个问题的答案，这对未来的访问者来说可能更简单。（见http://www.pcreview.co.uk/threads/datagridview-glyphs.3145090/）

Dim dictionarySortColumns As New Dictionary(Of String, Integer)


Private Sub DataGridViewFileLoader_Sorted(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles DataGridViewFileLoader.Sorted


    Dim dv As New DataView(dataSetLoadScreener.Tables(0))
    Dim columnHeader As String = DataGridViewFileLoader.SortedColumn.Name

    Dim sortDirection As Integer = DataGridViewFileLoader.SortOrder
    Dim sortcode As String = ""
    Dim sortOrder As String = ""

    If sortDirection = 1 Then
        sortOrder = "ASC"
    Else
        sortOrder = "DESC"
    End If

    If dictionarySortColumns.ContainsKey(columnHeader) Then
        dictionarySortColumns.Remove(columnHeader)
    End If

    sortcode = columnHeader + " " + sortOrder

    For Each colHeader As String In dictionarySortColumns.Keys
        If dictionarySortColumns(colHeader) = 1 Then
            sortOrder = "ASC"
        Else
            sortOrder = "DESC"
        End If

        sortcode = sortcode + "," + colHeader + " " + sortOrder

    Next

    dictionarySortColumns.Add(columnHeader, sortDirection)

    dv.Sort = sortcode
    DataGridViewFileLoader.DataSource = Nothing
    DataGridViewFileLoader.DataSource = dv

    formatDataGridViewFileLoader()

End Sub

 Private Sub DataGridViewFileLoader_CellPainting(sender As Object, e As DataGridViewCellPaintingEventArgs) Handles DataGridViewFileLoader.CellPainting
    Dim sOrder As System.Windows.Forms.SortOrder

    For Each key As String In dictionarySortColumns.Keys
        If dictionarySortColumns(key) = 1 Then
            sOrder = Windows.Forms.SortOrder.Ascending
        Else
            sOrder = Windows.Forms.SortOrder.Descending
        End If

        DataGridViewFileLoader.Columns(key).HeaderCell.SortGlyphDirection = sOrder
    Next
End Sub

Answer 5

这是一个与Google电子表格类似的示例-单击每个列标题将按该列排序，然后再次单击该列将交换搜索方向。此外，它以与您单击列的历史记录相反的顺序搜索，即，如果您单击D列，然后依次单击B，C然后是A，则在最后一次单击时，它将按A，C，B，D和D列进行排序按照最近一次单击该列时所搜索内容的方向进行操作。

它依赖于DataGridView内置的以下功能：

如果DataGridView以DataView作为其数据源，那么为该DataView设置Sort字符串会立即对DataView进行排序，并且该排序会立即显示在绑定的DataGridView控件中
排序字符串可以包含多列，每列都可以指示对ASC或DESC进行排序
设置DataView的Sort字符串（从而导致对其进行排序）时，绑定到其的DataGridView将根据您排序的第一项（名称和方向）自动添加适当的上下字形字符串

我们从一个排序对象开始：

internal class Sorter 
{
    internal readonly string ColumnName;
    internal bool IsAscending;

    internal Sorter(string columnName, bool isAscending)
    {
        this.ColumnName = columnName;
        this.IsAscending = isAscending;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object other)
    {  // For equivalence, compare column name only (not object ref or sort order)
        if (other == null) { return false; }
        if (other.GetType() != typeof(Sorter)) { return false; }
        return this.ColumnName == ((Sorter)other).ColumnName;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    { // required if we have overridden Equals
        return this.ColumnName.GetHashCode();
    }

    public override string ToString()
    {
        return this.ColumnName + (this.IsAscending ? " ASC" : " DESC");
    }
}

然后将我们的Sorter对象收集到Sorters类中：

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

internal class Sorters : List<Sorter>
{
    internal void BringColumnToFrontOfSortingOrder(Sorter sorter)
    {
        if (this.Contains<Sorter>(sorter))
        {
            this.Remove(sorter); // remove it from where it is
        }
        // put it at the start
        this.Insert(0, sorter);
    }

    // Returns a DataView sorting string like "ColName1 ASC, ColName2 DESC" etc
    public override string ToString()
    {
        var s = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
        foreach (Sorter sorter in this)
        {
            if (s.Length > 0) { s.Append(", "); }
            s.Append(sorter.ToString());
        }
        return s.ToString();
    }
}

然后我创建了自己的MultiSortingDataGridView类，该类派生自DataGridView，它使用重写的Sort方法来跟踪您单击的列，并根据历史记录生成一种DataView，该DataView是网格的绑定DataSource。您的列排序点击次数：

using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.ComponentModel;

public class MultiSortingDataGridView : DataGridView // derive from DataGridView and extend it
{
    private Sorters _sorters = new Sorters(); // keeping track of what column(s) we have searched by

    // override the regular search with our super duper multi-column search
    public override void Sort(DataGridViewColumn dataGridViewColumn, ListSortDirection direction)
    {
        Sorter sorter = new Sorter(dataGridViewColumn.Name, direction == ListSortDirection.Ascending);
        this._sorters.BringColumnToFrontOfSortingOrder(sorter);

        // Get the data view that is our data source
        DataView vw = (DataView)this.DataSource;

        // When you set the Sort property, it causes it to sort, and happily it sets
        // the up/down glyph of the column that corresponds to your first sort-by item.
        vw.Sort = this._sorters.ToString();
    }
}

然后在我的表单中，确保使用MultiSortingDataGridView控件（如上）而不是常规的DataGridView，并按如下所示设置其数据源：

DataTable tbl = SomeMethodForGettingMyTabularData(); // instantiate a data table with the data you want to show
DataView vw = new DataView(tbl); // make a data view from it
this.dgv.DataSource = vw; // bind the view as data source to my MultiSortingDataGridView control

在多列上对DataGridView进行排序？

5 个答案: