在Javascript中使用CDATA块内的变量?

时间:2011-01-09 02:34:26

标签: javascript variables cdata

CDATA - 块非常适合将大块HTML或CSS编码为字符串。但是,我无法弄清楚如何在一个变量值中使用变量值。

例如,请考虑以下JavaScript代码:

var FullName    = "Friedrich Hayek";
var ProfileCode = (<><![CDATA[
                    <div id="BigHonkingChunkO_HTML">
                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        Name: $FullName$
                        Birth: $Birthdate$

                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        ... $FullName$ ...

                        ...Lot's o' code...
                    </div>
                ]]></>).toString ();


如何让$FullName$呈现为“Friedrich Hayek”而不是“$ FullName $”?

请注意,有多个变量,每个变量可以在CDATA块中使用几次。


替代代码示例:

var UserColorPref   = "red";
var UI_CSS          = (<><![CDATA[
                        body {
                            color:              $UserColorPref$;
                        }
                    ]]></>).toString ();

希望将颜色属性设置为red

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

它够优雅吗?

function replaceVars(content, vars)
{
    return content.replace(/\$(\w+)\$/g, function($0, $1)
    {
        return ($1 in vars ? vars[$1] : $0);
    });
}

ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode, {"FullName" : "Friedrich Hayek"});

如果关联键不重要,您可以随时选择使用:
sprintfvsprintf

修改

如何使第二个参数可选?

function replaceVars(content, scope) {
    if (!scope || typeof scope != "object") {
        scope = this;
    }

    return content.replace(/\$(\w+)\$/g, function($0, $1) {
        return ($1 in scope ? scope[$1] : $0);
    });
}

// example1
var FullName = "Friedrich Hayek";
ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode);

// example2
var vars = {"FullName" : "Friedrich Hayek"};
ProfileCode = replaceVars(ProfileCode, vars);

答案 1 :(得分:3)

ProfileCode=ProfileCode.replace('$FullName$',FullName);

答案 2 :(得分:1)

在搜索the CDATA specthis "CDATA Confusion" article之后,CDATA部分似乎将所有内容视为纯文本,但字符数据实体和部分结束标记(]]>)除外。例如,

var x = $('<!DOCTYPE X[<!ENTITY foo "BAR">]><z> cc &#65; &foo;</z>');
console.log ($(x, 'z').text() );

收益率:]> cc A &foo;

因此,CDATA部分无法进行变量替换。我们能做的最好的事情就是开始和停止这些部分,如下所示:

var FullName    = "Friedrich Hayek";
var ProfileCode = (<><![CDATA[
                    <div id="BigHonkingChunkO_HTML">
                        ...Lot's o' code...

                        Name: ]]></>).toString () + FullName+ (<><![CDATA[

                        ...Lot's o' code...
                    </div>
                ]]></>).toString ();
console.log (ProfileCode);

- 这显然是不可接受的。


实用的解决方法:

它不会帮助任何寻找CDATA解决方案的人(根据规范,我们现在知道这是不可能的)。但是,由于我们只是使用CDATA作为生成复杂字符串的方法,因此我们可以根据Ratna Dinakar的回答清理字符串。

我们最终使用的功能是:

function sSetVarValues (sSrcStr, sReplaceList /* , Variable */)
/*--- function sSetVarValues takes a string and substitutes marked
    locations with the values of the variables represented.
    Conceptually, sSetVarValues() operates a little like sprintf().

    Parameters:
        sSrcStr         --  The source string to be replaced.   
        sReplaceList    --  A string containing a comma-separated list of variable
                            names expected in the raw string.  For example, if 
                            sReplaceList was "Var_A", we would expect (but not require)
                            that sSrcStr contained one or more "$Var_A$" substrings.
        *Variable*      --  A variable-length set of parameters, containing the values
                            of the variables specified in sReplaceList.  For example,
                            if sReplaceList was "Var_A, Var_B, Var_C", then there better 
                            be 3 parameters after sReplaceList in the function call. 
    Returns:                The replaced string.
*/
{
    if (!sSrcStr)       return null;
    if (!sReplaceList)  return null;

    var aReplaceList    = sReplaceList.split (/,\s?/);

    for (var J = aReplaceList.length-1;  J >= 0;  --J)
    {
        var zRepVar     = new RegExp ('\\$' + aReplaceList[J] + '\\$', "g");
        sSrcStr         = sSrcStr.replace (zRepVar, arguments[J+2]);
    }
    return sSrcStr;
}


使用示例:

var AAA     = 'first';
var BBB     = 'second'; 
var CCC     = 'third';
var Before  = "1 is $AAA$, 2 is $BBB$, 3 is $CCC$";

var After   = sSetVarValues (Before, "AAA, BBB, CCC", AAA, BBB, CCC);

console.log (Before);
console.log (After);

<强>收率:

    1 is $AAA$, 2 is $BBB$, 3 is $CCC$
    1 is first, 2 is second, 3 is third