使用自签名证书签署PowerShell脚本(并且不使用makecert.exe)

时间:2017-09-20 21:16:22

标签: powershell digital-signature self-signed

我正在尝试使用自签名证书签署.ps1(用例是我自己在私人开发站写的脚本,因此无需使用 - 或付费 -  真正的CA)。但是,无论我阅读的证书生成和数字签名主题有多少指南,我似乎无法让它发挥作用。

这是我迄今为止所取得的成就:

# Create a certificate to use as trusted root of the signing chain
$root = New-SelfSignedCertificate `
    -Subject "CN=PowerShell Trusted Authority" `
    -FriendlyName "PowerShell Trusted Authority" `
    -KeyUsageProperty Sign `
    -KeyUsage CertSign, CRLSign, DigitalSignature `
    -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My\ `
    -NotAfter (Get-Date).AddYears(10)

# Create a certificate to use for signing powershell scripts
New-SelfSignedCertificate `
    -Signer $root `
    -Subject "CN=PowerShell Code Signing" `
    -KeyAlgorithm RSA `
    -KeyLength 2048 `
    -Type CodeSigningCert `
    -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My\

# Move the root cert into Trusted Root CAs
 Move-Item "Cert:\LocalMachine\My\$($root.Thumbprint)" Cert:\LocalMachine\Root

以上所有内容均来自管理PowerShell实例。完成后,我可以在管理控制台中的预期位置看到两个证书,并且签名证书的证书路径签出为有效。

然后我打开常规PS提示并尝试签署脚本:

# Obtain a reference to the signing certificate
PS> $cert = Get-ChildItem Cert:\LocalMachine\My\ -CodeSigningCert

# Attempt at signing
PS> Set-AuthenticodeSignature .\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 $cert


    Directory: C:\Users\tomas\Documents\WindowsPowerShell


SignerCertificate          Status                Path
-----------------          ------                ----
                           UnknownError          Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1

如您所见,实际签名失败。查看powershell文件,我发现脚本中没有附加任何签名。

如果我从管理员提示符进行签名,我似乎更进一步;签名块添加到脚本中,签名证书的指纹打印在Set-AuthenticodeSignature的输出中,但状态仍为UnknownError,并且AllSigned策略下的执行仍然是不允许。

# Output some info about the certificate:
PS> $cert | Format-List

Subject      : CN=PowerShell Code Signing
Issuer       : CN=PowerShell Trusted Authority
Thumbprint   : <omitted>
FriendlyName :
NotBefore    : 9/20/2017 10:48:59 PM
NotAfter     : 9/20/2018 11:08:59 PM
Extensions   : {System.Security.Cryptography.Oid, System.Security.Cryptography.Oid, 
                System.Security.Cryptography.Oid, System.Security.Cryptography.Oid}

我尝试了多种New-SelfSignedCertificate咒语变体,尤其是为代码签名生成证书,但始终使用相同的状态消息(UnknownError)。

我的最终目标是能够拥有Set-ExecutionPolicy AllSigned并且仍然运行我自己创建的脚本。在这个过程中我缺少什么来做这项工作?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

考虑到这一点,您不需要证书链信任,因此,您不需要第一个证书。您可以使用第二个证书并将其移动到受信任的根文件夹中,它将起作用。使用第一个证书然后创建另一个证书似乎失败了,因为“root”是自签名的,然后无法签署另一个证书。

SELF SIGNED CERTIFICATE方法

# Create a certificate to use for signing powershell scripts
$selfsigncert = New-SelfSignedCertificate `
                -Subject "CN=PowerShell Code Signing" `
                -KeyAlgorithm RSA `
                -KeyLength 2048 `
                -Type CodeSigningCert `
                -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My\

# Move the root cert into Trusted Root CAs
Move-Item "Cert:\LocalMachine\My\$($selfsigncert.Thumbprint)" Cert:\LocalMachine\Root

# Obtain a reference to the code signing cert in Trusted Root
$selfsignrootcert = "Cert:\LocalMachine\Root\$($selfsigncert.Thumbprint)"

# Sign script
Set-AuthenticodeSignature C:\powershell.ps1 $selfsignrootcert

如果您有权访问企业根CA,则可以使用您在问题中使用的方法。

ENTERPRISE ROOT CA方法(与您的问题中的方法相同) - 您需要知道根CA证书指纹

# Get Enterprise Root CA thumbprint
$rootcert = get-childitem Cert:\LocalMachine\Root\XXXXXXXXXXXX


# Generate certificate
$fromrootcert = New-SelfSignedCertificate `
                -Signer $rootcert `
                -Subject "CN=PowerShell Code Signing" `
                -KeyAlgorithm RSA `
                -KeyLength 2048 `
                -Type CodeSigningCert `
                -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\My\

# Sign script
Set-AuthenticodeSignature C:\powershell.ps1 $fromrootcert

答案 1 :(得分:-1)

$cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -CertStoreLocation Cert:\CurrentUser\My -Type CodeSigningCert -Subject "Code Signing"

Move-Item -Path $cert.PSPath -Destination "Cert:\CurrentUser\Root"

Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath c:\go.ps1 -Certificate $cert

来源 https://blogs.u2u.be/u2u/post/creating-a-self-signed-code-signing-certificate-from-powershell