Xml列表序列化和节点类型名称

时间:2017-09-19 19:58:52

标签: c# xml serialization xsi

我在这里遇到过多个问题和答案,但没有针对我的情况。

我有一个“实体”类,其中包含多个类。我希望序列化命中列表并理解并使用每个项目的类型作为节点名称。

现在,我可以使用注释掉的内容(在主类中定义每个数组项,并使用[XmlArrayItem(“Subclass1”,typeof(subclass1)]定义其名称,但我想保留所有定义子类和我将有太多的子类来定义主实体类中的所有内容...无论如何要实现这一点吗?

我已尝试将[XmlType(TypeName =“...”)]用于子类等,但这不起作用。

[Serializable]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass1))]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity{

    [XmlArray("CausedBy")]
    //[XmlArrayItem("Subclass1", typeof(subclass1))]
    //[XmlArrayItem("Sublcass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
    public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }

}

[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass2))]
public class Subclass1:Entity{
    //Code...
}

[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2:Subclass1{
  //Code...
}

在创建实体并将Subclass1和Subclass2添加到列表'CausedBy'类后序列化上述代码会产生以下结果:

<Entity>
  <CausedBy>
    <Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass1" />
    <Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass2" />
   </CausedBy>
<Entity>

我希望输出显示:

 <Entity>
      <CausedBy>
        <SubClass1 .../>
        <SubClass2 .../>
       </CausedBy>
    <Entity>

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

由于我完全没有开始阅读这个问题,所以这里有一个新的答案(它是一个tl; dr,所以你总是可以跳到最后并按照链接):< / p>

使用内置的序列化程序类是不可能的,因为您不希望添加它需要能够操作的属性。你唯一的选择是自己对课程进行分类,但这并不像听起来那么乏味;几年前我在虚拟模式下使用DataGridView时出现了类似的问题,并生成了一个通用的虚拟器,可用于虚拟化数据以进行显示;它使用了自定义属性:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class showColumnAttribute : System.Attribute
{
    ///<summary>Optional display format for column</summary>
    public string Format;
    ///<summary>Optional Header string for column<para>Defaults to propety name</para></summary>
    public string Title;
    ///<summary>Optional column edit flag - defaults to false</summary>
    public bool ReadOnly;
    ///<summary>Optional column width</summary>
    public int Width;
    ///<summary>
    ///Marks public properties that are to be displayed in columns
    ///</summary>
    public showColumnAttribute()
    {
        Format = String.Empty;
        Title = String.Empty;
        ReadOnly = false;
        Width = 0;
    }
}

一个构造函数:

    ///<summary>
    ///Extracts the properties of the supplied type that are to be displayed
    ///<para>The type must be a class or an InvalidOperationException will be thrown</para>
    ///</summary>
    public Virtualiser(Type t)
    {
        if (!t.IsClass)
            throw new InvalidOperationException("Supplied type is not a class");

        List<VirtualColumnInfo> definedColumns = new List<VirtualColumnInfo>();
        PropertyInfo[] ps = t.GetProperties();
        MethodInfo mg, ms;

        for (int i = 0; i < ps.Length; i++)
        {
            Object[] attr = ps[i].GetCustomAttributes(true);

            if (attr.Length > 0)
            {
                foreach (var a in attr)
                {
                    showColumnAttribute ca = a as showColumnAttribute;
                    if (ca != null)
                    {
                        mg = ps[i].GetGetMethod();
                        if (mg != null)
                        {
                            ms = ps[i].GetSetMethod();
                            definedColumns.Add
                            (
                                new VirtualColumnInfo
                                (
                                    ps[i].Name, ca.Width, ca.ReadOnly, ca.Title == String.Empty ? ps[i].Name : ca.Title, 
                                    ca.Format, mg, ms
                                )
                            );
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (definedColumns.Count > 0)
            columns = definedColumns.ToArray();
    }

这将提取类的公共属性,并将标记的项目作为列与标题,格式等一起提供给DataGridView。

所有这些(以及其余缺失的代码)的效果是,只需标记公共属性并为给定类型调用虚拟器一次,就可以在dataGridView中虚拟化任何类型:

    #region Virtualisation
    static readonly Virtualiser Virtual = new Virtualiser(typeof(UserRecord));
    [XmlIgnore] // just in case!
    public static int ColumnCount { get { return Virtual.ColumnCount; } }
    public static VirtualColumnInfo ColumnInfo(int column)
    {
        return Virtual.ColumnInfo(column);
    }

    public Object GetItem(int column)
    {
        return Virtual.GetItem(column, this);
    }
    /*
    ** The supplied item should be a string - it is up to this method to supply a valid value to the property
    ** setter (this is the simplest place to determine what this is and how it can be derived from a string).
    */
    public void SetItem(int column, Object item)
    {
        String v = item as String;
        int t = 0;
        if (v == null)
            return;
        switch (Virtual.GetColumnPropertyName(column))
        {
            case "DisplayNumber":
                if (!int.TryParse(v, out t))
                    t = 0;

                item = t;
                break;
        }
        try
        {
            Virtual.SetItem(column, this, item);
        }
        catch { }
    }
    #endregion

可以通过创建从类数据派生的许多公共属性来自动指定列数,属性和顺序:

        #region Display columns
    [showColumn(ReadOnly = true, Width = 100, Title = "Identification")]
    public String DisplayIdent
    {
        get
        {
            return ident;
        }
        set
        {
            ident = value;
        }

    }
    [showColumn(Width = 70, Title = "Number on Roll")]
    public int DisplayNumber
    {
        get
        {
            return number;
        }
        set
        {
            number = value;
        }
    }
    [showColumn(Width = -100, Title = "Name")]
    public string DisplayName
    {
        get
        {
            return name == String.Empty ? "??" : name;
        }
        set
        {
            name = value;
        }
    }
    #endregion

这将虚拟化dataGridView的任何类来显示和编辑数据,多年来我多次使用它并且要显示的属性的提取正是XML序列化所需要的,实际上,它具有许多相同的特性

我打算使用这种方法为XML序列化做同样的工作,但有人已经在https://www.codeproject.com/script/Articles/ViewDownloads.aspx?aid=474453完成了这项工作,我希望你能利用这种方法来解决你的问题。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

这对我有用:

    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Entity entity = new Entity();
        entity.CausedBy = new List<Entity>();
        entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
        entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
        entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
        entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
        entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
        entity.Save(Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments), "Test.txt"));
    }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity
{
    [XmlArray("CausedBy")]
    [XmlArrayItem("SubClass1", typeof(Subclass1))]
    [XmlArrayItem("SubClass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
    public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }

}

[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
public class Subclass1 : Entity
{
    [XmlIgnore]
    String t = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();

    public String SubClass1Item { get { return "Test1 " + t; } set { } }
}

[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2 : Entity
{
    [XmlIgnore]
    String t = DateTime.Now.ToString();

    public String SubClass2Item { get { return "Test2 " + t; } set { } }
}

它产生:

<Entity xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <CausedBy>
    <SubClass1>
      <SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
    </SubClass1>
    <SubClass2>
      <SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
    </SubClass2>
    <SubClass2>
      <SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
    </SubClass2>
    <SubClass1>
      <SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
    </SubClass1>
    <SubClass1>
      <SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
    </SubClass1>
  </CausedBy>
</Entity>