ksh数组超过记录

时间:2017-09-17 21:19:59

标签: arrays ksh records

我需要根据此表关联值。

KEYS    VALS
----    ----
keyp    val1
keyp    val2
keyp    val3
keyp    val6
keyc    val4
keym    val4
keys    val8
keyr    val8
keyb    val5

在我的ksh中,当传递一个KEY参数时,我想遍历该表,以便获得所有可能的VALS。 例如,如果parm_key =" keyp",我的迭代将产生val1,val2,val3,val6。 伪码:

for iLoop in "${!KEYS2VALS[@]}"
do
    if [[ KEYS2VALS[iLoop] = $parm_key ]];then
        print "found value match=$KEYS2VALS[iLoop].VAL"
    fi
done

如果$ parm_key =" keyp"

,该伪造代码的输出应该是以下
found value match=val1
found value match=val2
found value match=val3
found value match=val6

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

假设您可以访问ksh93(我们可以使用关联数组)......

注意:对于一些较新的操作系统/ bin / ksh ksh93(重命名或符号链接到ksh93);在这种情况下,ksh --version会显示包含93u93u+

的字符串

从包含所需键/值对的平面文件开始:

# sample data file
$ cat key.vals
keyp val1
keyp val2
keyp val3
keyp val6
keyc val4
keym val4
keys val8
keyr val8
keyb val5

一个可能的ksh93 shell脚本:

$ cat kv
#!/bin/ksh93

# grab and verify an input key

parm_key=$1
[[ "${parm_key}" = '' ]] && printf "Usage: kv <parm_key>\n" && exit

# declare associative array 'keys2vals'

unset      keys2vals
typeset -A keys2vals

# load the key/value pairs into the associative array 'keys2vals'

while read -r key val
do
        keys2vals[${key}]="${keys2vals[${key}]} ${val}"
done < key.vals

# for debug purposes only: display array

printf "All key/value pairs:\n\n"
for key in ${!keys2vals[@]}
do
        echo "key=${key} : value=${keys2vals[${key}]}"
done
echo ""

# print the values associated with ${parm_key}

printf "All values for key = ${parm_key}:\n\n"
for val in ${keys2vals[${parm_key}]}
do
        echo "found value match=${val}"
done

正在运行的脚本:

$ kv
Usage: kv <parm_key>

$ kv keyp
All key/value pairs:

key=keyb : value= val5
key=keyc : value= val4
key=keym : value= val4
key=keyp : value= val1 val2 val3 val6
key=keyr : value= val8
key=keys : value= val8

All values for key = keyp:

found value match=val1
found value match=val2
found value match=val3
found value match=val6

# commenting out the debug loop ...

$ kv keyb
All values for key = keyb:

found value match=val5

$ kv keyc
All values for key = keyc:

found value match=val4

$ kv keym
All values for key = keym:

found value match=val4

$ kv keyr
All values for key = keyr:

found value match=val8

$ kv keys
All values for key = keys:

found value match=val8

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我设法让2维关联数组适用于这个例子:

首先,让我们将这些数据放入文件

$ cat table.txt
KEYS    VALS
----    ----
keyp    val1
keyp    val2
keyp    val3
keyp    val6
keyc    val4
keym    val4
keys    val8
keyr    val8
keyb    val5

我们将使用名为&#34; table&#34;

的关联数组
typeset -A table

现在,让我们填充数组。这里棘手的一点是我们需要声明数组的每个元素本身都是一个关联数组。当我们遇到一个不在&#34; table&#34;:

中的密钥时,我们需要这样做
i=0
sed '1,2d' table.txt | while read -r key value; do
    [[ -z "${table[$key]+not set}" ]] && typeset -A table[$key]
    table[$key][$value]=$((++i))
done

现在,让我们看一下表数组中的内容

for key in "${!table[@]}"; do 
    for subkey in "${!table[$key][@]}"; do 
        printf "%s\t%s\t%s\n" "$key" "$subkey" "${table[$key][$subkey]}"
    done
done
keyb    0   
keyb    val5    9
keyc    0   
keyc    val4    5
keym    0   
keym    val4    6
keyp    0   
keyp    val1    1
keyp    val2    2
keyp    val3    3
keyp    val6    4
keyr    0   
keyr    val8    8
keys    0   
keys    val8    7

一切都很好,除了每个顶级键还有一个子键&#34; 0&#34;。这看起来很奇怪,但我认为这是变量在ksh中的实现方式。即使是简单的标量变量也可以作为索引为0的数组引用:

$ foo=bar
$ echo "$foo"
bar
$ echo "${foo[0]}"
bar
$ printf "%s\n" "${!foo[@]}"
0

问题的核心:检索特定键的值:

parm_key="keyp"
typeset -a values
for val in "${!table[$parm_key][@]}"; do
    [[ $val = "0" ]] || values+=("$val")
done
printf "%s\n" "${values[@]}"
val1
val2
val3
val6

我刚才意识到这太复杂了。我们不需要关联数组的关联数组。我们想要一个索引数组的关联数组:

$ unset table
$ typeset -A table
$ sed '1,2d' table.txt | while read -r key value; do table[$key]+=("$value"); done
$ printf "%s\n" "${!table[@]}"
keyb
keyc
keym
keyp
keyr
keys
$ for key in "${!table[@]}"; do for val in "${table[$key][@]}"; do printf "%s\t%s\n" "$key" "$val"; done; done
keyb    val5
keyc    val4
keym    val4
keyp    val1
keyp    val2
keyp    val3
keyp    val6
keyr    val8
keys    val8
$ printf "%s\n" "${table[$parm_key][@]}"
val1
val2
val3
val6