我正在使用Python跟踪TDD Web开发以学习Django。它基于Django 1.8，但我试图在Django 1.11上关注它。自1.8以来似乎有太多变化。我的应用程序（列表）在作者为我的应用程序制作单独的urls.py文件之前完美地工作。现在，所有测试都失败了404错误。
我的urls.py是
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from lists import views as list_views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', list_views.home_page, name='home'),
url(r'^lists/', include('lists.urls')),
]
和我的名单/ urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from lists import views as list_views
app_name = 'lists'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^lists/(\d+)/$', list_views.view_list, name = 'view_list'),
url(r'^lists/(\d+)/add_item$', list_views.add_item, name = 'add_item'),
url(r'^lists/new$', list_views.new_list, name = 'new_list'),
]
这些是我的测试产生错误
class ListAndItemModelsTest(TestCase):
def test_saving_and_retrieving_items(self):
list_ = List()
list_.save()
first_item = Item()
first_item.text = 'The first (ever) list item'
first_item.list = list_
first_item.save()
second_item = Item()
second_item.text = 'Item the second'
second_item.list = list_
second_item.save()
saved_list = List.objects.first()
self.assertEqual(saved_list, list_)
saved_items = Item.objects.all()
self.assertEqual(saved_items.count(), 2)
first_saved_item = saved_items[0]
second_saved_item = saved_items[1]
self.assertEqual(first_saved_item.text, 'The first (ever) list item')
self.assertEqual(first_saved_item.list, list_)
self.assertEqual(second_saved_item.text, 'Item the second')
self.assertEqual(second_saved_item.list, list_)
class ListViewTest(TestCase):
def test_uses_list_template(self):
list_ = List.objects.create()
response = self.client.get('/lists/%d/' % (list_.id,))
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'list.html')
def test_displays_only_items_for_that_list(self):
correct_list = List.objects.create()
Item.objects.create(text = 'itemey 1', list = correct_list)
Item.objects.create(text = 'itemey 2', list = correct_list)
other_list = List.objects.create()
Item.objects.create(text = 'other list item 1', list = other_list)
Item.objects.create(text = 'other list item 2', list = other_list)
response = self.client.get('/lists/%d/' % (correct_list.id,))
self.assertContains(response, 'itemey 1')
self.assertContains(response, 'itemey 2')
self.assertNotContains(response, 'other list item 1')
self.assertNotContains(response, 'other list item 2')
def test_passes_correct_list_to_template(self):
other_list = List.objects.create()
correct_list = List.objects.create()
response = self.client.post('/lists/%d/' % (correct_list.id,))
self.assertEqual(response.context['list'], correct_list)
class NewListTest(TestCase):
def test_saving_a_POST_request(self):
response = self.client.post(
'/lists/new',
data = {'item_text': 'A new list item'}
)
self.assertEqual(Item.objects.count(), 1)
new_item = Item.objects.first()
self.assertEqual(new_item.text, 'A new list item')
def test_redirects_after_POST(self):
response = self.client.post(
'/lists/new',
data = {'item_text': 'A new list item'}
)
new_list = List.objects.first()
self.assertRedirects(response, '/lists/%d/' % (new_list.id,))
class NewItemTest(TestCase):
def test_can_save_a_POST_request_to_an_existing_list(self):
other_list = List.objects.create()
correct_list = List.objects.create()
self.client.post(
'/lists/%d/add_item' % (correct_list.id,),
data = {'item_text': 'A new item for an existing list'}
)
self.assertEqual(Item.objects.count(), 1)
new_item = Item.objects.first()
self.assertEqual(new_item.text, 'A new item for an existing list')
self.assertEqual(new_item.list, correct_list)
def test_redirects_to_list_view(self):
other_list = List.objects.create()
correct_list = List.objects.create()
response = self.client.post(
'/lists/%d/add_item' % (correct_list.id,),
data = {'item_text': 'A new item for an existing list'}
)
self.assertRedirects(response, '/lists/%d/' % (correct_list.id,))
我运行测试时会出现这些错误，
ERROR: test_passes_correct_list_to_template (lists.tests.ListViewTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 78, in test_passes_correct_list_to_template
self.assertEqual(response.context['list'], correct_list)
File "/home/abhi/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/template/context.py", line 87, in __getitem__
raise KeyError(key)
KeyError: 'list'
======================================================================
ERROR: test_redirects_after_POST (lists.tests.NewListTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 102, in test_redirects_after_POST
self.assertRedirects(response, '/lists/%d/' % (new_list.id,))
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'id'
======================================================================
FAIL: test_displays_only_items_for_that_list (lists.tests.ListViewTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 69, in test_displays_only_items_for_that_list
self.assertContains(response, 'itemey 1')
File "/home/abhi/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 385, in assertContains
response, text, status_code, msg_prefix, html)
File "/home/abhi/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 357, in _assert_contains
" (expected %d)" % (response.status_code, status_code)
AssertionError: 404 != 200 : Couldn't retrieve content: Response code was 404 (expected 200)
======================================================================
FAIL: test_uses_list_template (lists.tests.ListViewTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 56, in test_uses_list_template
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'list.html')
File "/home/abhi/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 578, in assertTemplateUsed
self.fail(msg_prefix + "No templates used to render the response")
AssertionError: No templates used to render the response
======================================================================
FAIL: test_can_save_a_POST_request_to_an_existing_list (lists.tests.NewItemTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 115, in test_can_save_a_POST_request_to_an_existing_list
self.assertEqual(Item.objects.count(), 1)
AssertionError: 0 != 1
======================================================================
FAIL: test_redirects_to_list_view (lists.tests.NewItemTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 129, in test_redirects_to_list_view
self.assertRedirects(response, '/lists/%d/' % (correct_list.id,))
File "/home/abhi/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 294, in assertRedirects
% (response.status_code, status_code)
AssertionError: 404 != 302 : Response didn't redirect as expected: Response code was 404 (expected 302)
======================================================================
FAIL: test_saving_a_POST_request (lists.tests.NewListTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/abhi/Development/DjangoDev/superlists/lists/tests.py", line 89, in test_saving_a_POST_request
self.assertEqual(Item.objects.count(), 1)
AssertionError: 0 != 1
任何帮助表示赞赏。谢谢！
答案 0 :(得分：5)
您可以尝试删除网址格式lists中的urls.py，如您在主urlpatterns = [
url(r'^(\d+)/$', list_views.view_list, name = 'view_list'),
url(r'^(\d+)/add_item$', list_views.add_item, name = 'add_item'),
url(r'^new$', list_views.new_list, name = 'new_list'),
]
中提供的那样：
waitress答案 1 :(得分：1)
你需要从
覆盖你的测试.get('/lists/
加倍列表
.get('/lists/lists/
# ^^^^^^
或使用reverse的最佳方式，例如：
from django.urls import reverse
# Some your code
# instead of response = self.client.get('/lists/%d/' % (list_.id,))
url = reverse('lists:view_list', args=[list_.id])
response = self.client.get(url)