获取Shell使用的文件图标

时间:2009-01-20 17:30:06

标签: c# .net vb.net winforms shell-icons

在.Net(C#或VB:不关心)中,给定真实文件的文件路径字符串,FileInfo结构或FileSystemInfo结构,如何确定shell使用的图标(资源管理器) )该文件?

我目前没有计划将此用于任何事情,但在查看this question时我对如何操作感到好奇,我认为在SO上存档会很有用。

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:53)

Imports System.Drawing
Module Module1

    Sub Main()    
        Dim filePath As String =  "C:\myfile.exe"  
        Dim TheIcon As Icon = IconFromFilePath(filePath)  

        If TheIcon IsNot Nothing Then    
            ''#Save it to disk, or do whatever you want with it.
            Using stream As New System.IO.FileStream("c:\myfile.ico", IO.FileMode.CreateNew)
                TheIcon.Save(stream)          
            End Using
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Function IconFromFilePath(filePath As String) As Icon
        Dim result As Icon = Nothing
        Try
            result = Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(filePath)
        Catch ''# swallow and return nothing. You could supply a default Icon here as well
        End Try
        Return result
    End Function
End Module

答案 1 :(得分:16)

请忽略每个人都告诉您使用注册表!注册表不是API。您想要的API是带有SHGFI_ICON的SHGetFileInfo。您可以在此处获得P / Invoke签名:

http://www.pinvoke.net/default.aspx/shell32.SHGetFileInfo

答案 2 :(得分:15)

您应该使用SHGetFileInfo。

在大多数情况下,Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon与SHGetFileInfo一样,但SHGetFileInfo可以使用UNC路径(例如“\\ ComputerName \ SharedFolder \”之类的网络路径),而Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon则不能。如果您需要或可能需要使用UNC路径,最好使用SHGetFileInfo而不是Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon。

This is good CodeProject article关于如何使用SHGetFileInfo。

答案 3 :(得分:6)

只不过是Stefan回答的C#版本。

using System.Drawing;

class Class1
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        var filePath =  @"C:\myfile.exe";
        var theIcon = IconFromFilePath(filePath);

        if (theIcon != null)
        {
            // Save it to disk, or do whatever you want with it.
            using (var stream = new System.IO.FileStream(@"c:\myfile.ico", System.IO.FileMode.CreateNew))
            {
                theIcon.Save(stream);
            }
        }
    }

    public static Icon IconFromFilePath(string filePath)
    {
        var result = (Icon)null;

        try
        {
            result = Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(filePath);
        }
        catch (System.Exception)
        {
            // swallow and return nothing. You could supply a default Icon here as well
        }

        return result;
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:4)

这在我的项目中对我有用,希望这有助于某人。

它是带有P / Invokes的C#,自WinXP以来它将在x86 / x64系统上运行。

(Shell.cs)

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace IconExtraction
{
    internal sealed class Shell : NativeMethods
    {
        #region OfExtension

        ///<summary>
        /// Get the icon of an extension
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="filename">filename</param>
        ///<param name="overlay">bool symlink overlay</param>
        ///<returns>Icon</returns>
        public static Icon OfExtension(string filename, bool overlay = false)
        {
            string filepath;
            string[] extension = filename.Split('.');
            string dirpath = Path.Combine(System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "cache");
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirpath);
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(filename) || extension.Length == 1)
            {
                filepath = Path.Combine(dirpath, "dummy_file");
            }
            else
            {
                filepath = Path.Combine(dirpath, String.Join(".", "dummy", extension[extension.Length - 1]));
            }
            if (File.Exists(filepath) == false)
            {
                File.Create(filepath);
            }
            Icon icon = OfPath(filepath, true, true, overlay);
            return icon;
        }
        #endregion

        #region OfFolder

        ///<summary>
        /// Get the icon of an extension
        ///</summary>
        ///<returns>Icon</returns>
        ///<param name="overlay">bool symlink overlay</param>
        public static Icon OfFolder(bool overlay = false)
        {
            string dirpath = Path.Combine(System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "cache", "dummy");
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirpath);
            Icon icon = OfPath(dirpath, true, true, overlay);
            return icon;
        }
        #endregion

        #region OfPath

        ///<summary>
        /// Get the normal,small assigned icon of the given path
        ///</summary>
        ///<param name="filepath">physical path</param>
        ///<param name="small">bool small icon</param>
        ///<param name="checkdisk">bool fileicon</param>
        ///<param name="overlay">bool symlink overlay</param>
        ///<returns>Icon</returns>
        public static Icon OfPath(string filepath, bool small = true, bool checkdisk = true, bool overlay = false)
        {
            Icon clone;
            SHGFI_Flag flags;
            SHFILEINFO shinfo = new SHFILEINFO();
            if (small)
            {
                flags = SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_ICON | SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_SMALLICON;
            }
            else
            {
                flags = SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_ICON | SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_LARGEICON;
            }
            if (checkdisk == false)
            {
                flags |= SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES;
            }
            if (overlay)
            {
                flags |= SHGFI_Flag.SHGFI_LINKOVERLAY;
            }
            if (SHGetFileInfo(filepath, 0, ref shinfo, Marshal.SizeOf(shinfo), flags) == 0)
            {
                throw (new FileNotFoundException());
            }
            Icon tmp = Icon.FromHandle(shinfo.hIcon);
            clone = (Icon)tmp.Clone();
            tmp.Dispose();
            if (DestroyIcon(shinfo.hIcon) != 0)
            {
                return clone;
            }
            return clone;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

(NativeMethods.cs)

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace IconExtraction
{
    internal class NativeMethods
    {
        public struct SHFILEINFO
        {
            public IntPtr hIcon;
            public int iIcon;
            public uint dwAttributes;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
            public string szDisplayName;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 80)]
            public string szTypeName;
        };

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int DestroyIcon(IntPtr hIcon);

        [DllImport("shell32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr ExtractIcon(IntPtr hInst, string lpszExeFileName, int nIconIndex);

        [DllImport("Shell32.dll", BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        public static extern int SHGetFileInfo(string pszPath, int dwFileAttributes, ref SHFILEINFO psfi, int cbFileInfo, SHGFI_Flag uFlags);

        [DllImport("Shell32.dll")]
        public static extern int SHGetFileInfo(IntPtr pszPath, uint dwFileAttributes, ref SHFILEINFO psfi, int cbFileInfo, SHGFI_Flag uFlags);
    }

    public enum SHGFI_Flag : uint
    {
        SHGFI_ATTR_SPECIFIED = 0x000020000,
        SHGFI_OPENICON = 0x000000002,
        SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES = 0x000000010,
        SHGFI_ADDOVERLAYS = 0x000000020,
        SHGFI_DISPLAYNAME = 0x000000200,
        SHGFI_EXETYPE = 0x000002000,
        SHGFI_ICON = 0x000000100,
        SHGFI_ICONLOCATION = 0x000001000,
        SHGFI_LARGEICON = 0x000000000,
        SHGFI_SMALLICON = 0x000000001,
        SHGFI_SHELLICONSIZE = 0x000000004,
        SHGFI_LINKOVERLAY = 0x000008000,
        SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX = 0x000004000,
        SHGFI_TYPENAME = 0x000000400
    }
}

答案 5 :(得分:1)

注册表方法的问题在于您没有明确获取图标索引ID。有时(如果不是所有时间),您会得到一个图标ResourceID,它是应用程序开发人员用来命名图标插槽的别名。

因此,注册表方法意味着所有开发人员都使用与隐式图标索引id(基于零,绝对,确定性)相同的ResourceID。

扫描注册表位置,您将看到许多负数,有时甚至是文本引用 - 即不是图标索引ID。隐式方法似乎更好,因为它让操作系统完成工作。

现在只测试这种新方法,但这很有意义,希望能解决这个问题。

答案 6 :(得分:1)

如果您只对特定扩展程序的图标感兴趣,并且如果您不介意创建临时文件,则可以按照显示的示例here

C#代码:

    public Icon LoadIconFromExtension(string extension)
    {
        string path = string.Format("dummy{0}", extension);
        using (File.Create(path)) { }
        Icon icon = Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(path);
        File.Delete(path);
        return icon;
    }

答案 7 :(得分:0)

This链接似乎有一些信息。它涉及大量的注册表遍历,但似乎可行。这些例子在C ++中

答案 8 :(得分:0)

  • 确定扩展名
  • 在注册表中,转到"HKCR\.{extension}",阅读默认值(让我们称之为filetype
  • "HKCR\{filetype}\DefaultIcon"中,读取默认值:这是图标文件的路径(或图标容器文件,如带有嵌入图标资源的.exe)
  • 如果需要,请使用从上述文件中提取图标资源的首选方法

编辑/从评论中移出:

如果图标位于容器文件中(这很常见),路径后面会有一个计数器,如下所示:"foo.exe,3"。这意味着它是可用图标的图标编号4(索引从零开始)。值“0”是隐式的(和可选的)。如果计数器为0或缺少,则shell将使用第一个可用图标。