PostGIS - 路线匹配解决方案

时间:2017-09-14 12:46:24

标签: postgresql elixir postgis ecto geo

我们正在构建一个应用程序,我是一名司机,我从A点到B点旅行。在我的路上,我可以找到以同一路线旅行的乘客。

我们正在使用PostgreSQL和PostGIS扩展。

经过谷歌搜索后,我发现我们可以使用线串来实现这一点。我不确定这种方法是否会成功。

假设我有源和目的地的坐标。

    var RouteCoordinates = [
      {lat: 37.772, lng: -122.214},
      {lat: 21.291, lng: -157.821},
      {lat: -18.142, lng: 178.431},
      {lat: -27.467, lng: 153.027}
    ];

我需要将其存储为我的数据库中的线串。

如果乘客也在这条路线上行驶,但我们知道他的来源和目的地不会完全在我的线路中,但他们会在附近。 例如,半径约1km

enter image description here

正如您所看到的,我的源和目的地就是那条线。当我在旅行时,我想挑选所有那些(源和目的地)靠近我的路线(特定半径范围内)的人

如果我想在特定半径范围内找到我的数据库中的特定位置,我将会像这样查询

SELECT id, name, address, geom  
FROM Seattle_Starbucks  
WHERE ST_DWithin(geom, ST_MakePoint(-122.325959,47.625138)::geography, 1000);

现在我可以实现我的解决方案,因为我刚接触到postGIS有点令人困惑

  1. 如何在DB
  2. 中存储我的所有源和目标点

    ANS:我需要使用此函数ST_MakeLine转换为线串然后存储,对吗?

    1. 如何根据我的要求查询,如上所述
    2. 能否请您了解如何实现这一目标。非常感谢您的帮助。感谢

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

你的问题有几个问题:

  

我需要使用此函数ST_MakeLine和转换为linestring   然后存储,对吧?

是的,要将多个点合并到LINESTRING,您可以使用ST_MakeLine

SELECT ST_AsText( 
       ST_MakeLine(ARRAY[ST_MakePoint(-122.21,37.77),
                         ST_MakePoint(-157.82,21.29),
                         ST_MakePoint(178.43,-18.14),
                         ST_MakePoint(153.02,-27.46)]));

                              st_astext                              
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 LINESTRING(-122.21 37.77,-157.82 21.29,178.43 -18.14,153.02 -27.46)
(1 Zeile)
  

如何根据我的要求查询,如上所述

LINESTRING的每个点上创建缓冲区,并检查其中的其他几何图形。

首先,您必须使用ST_DumpPoints将广告LINESTRING拆分为POINT ...

db=# SELECT ST_AsText((ST_DumpPoints('LINESTRING(-122.21 37.77,-157.82 21.29,178.43 -18.14,153.02 -27.46)'::GEOMETRY)).geom);
      st_astext       
----------------------
 POINT(-122.21 37.77)
 POINT(-157.82 21.29)
 POINT(178.43 -18.14)
 POINT(153.02 -27.46)
(4 Zeilen)

..然后使用ST_Buffer在每个点周围创建一个缓冲区。 ST_Buffer返回一个几何图形,其中包含点(或任何其他几何类型)周围的区域。例如,走你路线的第一个点(如果我没有切换 x y ,它就在旧金山的某个地方){{1 }}:

enter image description here

POINT(-122.21 37.76)

返回此几何:

db=# SELECT ST_AsText(                                                         
       ST_Buffer('POINT(-122.21 37.76)'::GEOMETRY,0.0001, 'quad_segs=16'));

enter image description here

如果您对此缓冲区的形状感到疑惑,请阅读answer

使用此查询,您可以检查另一个几何体是否在此缓冲区内(ST_Within):

POLYGON((-122.2099 37.76,-122.209900481527 37.759990198286,-122.209901921472 37.7599804909678,-122.209904305966 37.7599709715323,-122.209907612047 37.7599617316568,-122.209911807874 37.7599528603263,-122.209916853039 37.7599444429767,-122.209922698955 37.7599365606716,-122.209929289322 37.7599292893219,-122.209936560672 37.7599226989547,-122.209944442977 37.7599168530388,-122.209952860326 37.7599118078736,-122.209961731657 37.7599076120467,-122.209970971532 37.7599043059664,-122.209980490968 37.759901921472,-122.209990198286 37.7599004815273,-122.21 37.7599,-122.210009801714 37.7599004815273,-122.210019509032 37.759901921472,-122.210029028468 37.7599043059664,-122.210038268343 37.7599076120467,-122.210047139674 37.7599118078736,-122.210055557023 37.7599168530388,-122.210063439328 37.7599226989547,-122.210070710678 37.7599292893219,-122.210077301045 37.7599365606716,-122.210083146961 37.7599444429767,-122.210088192126 37.7599528603263,-122.210092387953 37.7599617316568,-122.210095694034 37.7599709715323,-122.210098078528 37.7599804909678,-122.210099518473 37.759990198286,-122.2101 37.76,-122.210099518473 37.760009801714,-122.210098078528 37.7600195090322,-122.210095694034 37.7600290284677,-122.210092387953 37.7600382683432,-122.210088192126 37.7600471396737,-122.210083146961 37.7600555570233,-122.210077301045 37.7600634393284,-122.210070710678 37.7600707106781,-122.210063439328 37.7600773010453,-122.210055557023 37.7600831469612,-122.210047139674 37.7600881921264,-122.210038268343 37.7600923879533,-122.210029028468 37.7600956940336,-122.210019509032 37.760098078528,-122.210009801714 37.7600995184727,-122.21 37.7601,-122.209990198286 37.7600995184727,-122.209980490968 37.760098078528,-122.209970971532 37.7600956940336,-122.209961731657 37.7600923879533,-122.209952860326 37.7600881921264,-122.209944442977 37.7600831469612,-122.209936560672 37.7600773010453,-122.209929289322 37.7600707106781,-122.209922698955 37.7600634393284,-122.209916853039 37.7600555570233,-122.209911807874 37.7600471396737,-122.209907612047 37.7600382683432,-122.209904305966 37.7600290284677,-122.209901921472 37.7600195090322,-122.209900481527 37.760009801714,-122.2099 37.76))

要把它们放在一起,你可以使用CTE(又名WITH子句)并写下这样的东西:

db=# SELECT
       ST_Within('POINT(-122.21 37.76)'::GEOMETRY,
          ST_Buffer('POINT(-122.21 37.76)'::GEOMETRY,0.0001, 'quad_segs=16'));
 st_within 
-----------
 t
(1 Zeile)