我遇到使用traefik设置mailcow的问题，我遇到网关超时。我也有nextcloud的这个问题，所以我真的很感兴趣，是什么导致网关超时这些问题。
我想这与上游的端口9000和php-fpm有关。
但我想知道，以及如何处理它。
我的traefik.toml：
debug = true
checkNewVersion = true
defaultEntryPoints = ["http", "https"]
[web]
address = ":8080"
[web.auth.basic]
users = ["admin:undecipherablestring"]
[entryPoints]
[entryPoints.http]
address = ":80"
[entryPoints.http.redirect]
entryPoint = "https"
[entryPoints.https]
address = ":443"
[entryPoints.https.tls]
[acme]
email = "email@address.com"
storage = "acme.json"
entryPoint = "https"
onHostRule = true
[[acme.domains]]
main = "main.com"
sans = ["monitor.main.com", "ports.main.com", "git.main.com", "cloud.main.com", "mail.main.com"]
我的traefik docker-compose.yml：
version: '2'
services:
proxy:
image: traefik
container_name: traefik
restart: always
command: |-
--docker
--docker.domain=docker.localhost
--logLevel=DEBUG
networks:
- webgateway
labels:
- "traefik.frontend.rule=Host: monitor.main.com"
- "traefik.port=8080"
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
- "8080:8080"
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
- ./traefik.toml:/traefik.toml
- ./acme.json:/acme.json
- acme:/opt/traefik/acme
networks:
webgateway:
driver: bridge
volumes:
acme:
driver: local
我的邮件docker-compose.yml：
version: '2.1'
services:
unbound-mailcow:
image: mailcow/unbound:1.0
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/unbound
command: /usr/sbin/unbound
depends_on:
mysql-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "nslookup", "google.com", "127.0.0.1"]
interval: 30s
timeout: 3s
retries: 10
volumes:
- ./data/conf/unbound/unbound.conf:/etc/unbound/unbound.conf:ro
restart: always
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.254
aliases:
- unbound
mysql-mailcow:
image: mariadb:10.1
command: mysqld --max_allowed_packet=128M
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "--host", "localhost", "--silent"]
interval: 5s
timeout: 5s
retries: 10
volumes:
- mysql-vol-1:/var/lib/mysql/
- ./data/conf/mysql/:/etc/mysql/conf.d/:ro
environment:
- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${DBROOT}
- MYSQL_DATABASE=${DBNAME}
- MYSQL_USER=${DBUSER}
- MYSQL_PASSWORD=${DBPASS}
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.250
aliases:
- mysql
redis-mailcow:
image: redis:alpine
depends_on:
unbound-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
volumes:
- redis-vol-1:/data/
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.249
aliases:
- redis
clamd-mailcow:
image: mailcow/clamd:1.1
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/clamd
restart: always
environment:
- SKIP_CLAMD=${SKIP_CLAMD:-n}
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- clamd
rspamd-mailcow:
image: mailcow/rspamd:1.3
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/rspamd
command: >
/bin/bash -c "
sleep 5;
/usr/bin/rspamd -f -u _rspamd -g _rspamd
"
depends_on:
- nginx-mailcow
volumes:
- ./data/conf/rspamd/override.d/:/etc/rspamd/override.d:ro
- ./data/conf/rspamd/local.d/:/etc/rspamd/local.d:ro
- ./data/conf/rspamd/lua/:/etc/rspamd/lua/:ro
- dkim-vol-1:/data/dkim
- rspamd-vol-1:/var/lib/rspamd
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
hostname: rspamd
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.253
aliases:
- rspamd
php-fpm-mailcow:
image: mailcow/phpfpm:1.0
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/phpfpm
command: "php-fpm -d date.timezone=${TZ}"
depends_on:
- redis-mailcow
volumes:
- ./data/web:/web:ro
- ./data/conf/rspamd/dynmaps:/dynmaps:ro
- dkim-vol-1:/data/dkim
environment:
- DBNAME=${DBNAME}
- DBUSER=${DBUSER}
- DBPASS=${DBPASS}
- MAILCOW_HOSTNAME=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
- IMAP_PORT=${IMAP_PORT:-143}
- IMAPS_PORT=${IMAPS_PORT:-993}
- POP_PORT=${POP_PORT:-110}
- POPS_PORT=${POPS_PORT:-995}
- SIEVE_PORT=${SIEVE_PORT:-4190}
- SUBMISSION_PORT=${SUBMISSION_PORT:-587}
- SMTPS_PORT=${SMTPS_PORT:-465}
- SMTP_PORT=${SMTP_PORT:-25}
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- phpfpm
sogo-mailcow:
image: mailcow/sogo:1.3
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/sogo
depends_on:
unbound-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
environment:
- DBNAME=${DBNAME}
- DBUSER=${DBUSER}
- DBPASS=${DBPASS}
- TZ=${TZ}
- MAILCOW_HOSTNAME=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
volumes:
- ./data/conf/sogo/:/etc/sogo/
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.252
aliases:
- sogo
dovecot-mailcow:
image: mailcow/dovecot:1.4
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/dovecot
depends_on:
unbound-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
volumes:
- ./data/conf/dovecot:/usr/local/etc/dovecot
- ./data/assets/ssl:/etc/ssl/mail/:ro
- ./data/conf/sogo/:/etc/sogo/
- vmail-vol-1:/var/vmail
- crypt-vol-1:/mail_crypt/
environment:
- DBNAME=${DBNAME}
- DBUSER=${DBUSER}
- DBPASS=${DBPASS}
ports:
- "${DOVEADM_PORT:-127.0.0.1:19991}:12345"
- "${IMAP_PORT:-143}:143"
- "${IMAPS_PORT:-993}:993"
- "${POP_PORT:-110}:110"
- "${POPS_PORT:-995}:995"
- "${SIEVE_PORT:-4190}:4190"
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
hostname: ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- dovecot
postfix-mailcow:
image: mailcow/postfix:1.2
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/postfix
depends_on:
unbound-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
volumes:
- ./data/conf/postfix:/opt/postfix/conf
- ./data/assets/ssl:/etc/ssl/mail/:ro
- postfix-vol-1:/var/spool/postfix
- crypt-vol-1:/var/lib/zeyple
environment:
- DBNAME=${DBNAME}
- DBUSER=${DBUSER}
- DBPASS=${DBPASS}
ports:
- "${SMTP_PORT:-25}:25"
- "${SMTPS_PORT:-465}:465"
- "${SUBMISSION_PORT:-587}:587"
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
hostname: ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- postfix
memcached-mailcow:
image: memcached:alpine
depends_on:
unbound-mailcow:
condition: service_healthy
restart: always
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- memcached
nginx-mailcow:
depends_on:
- sogo-mailcow
- php-fpm-mailcow
image: nginx:mainline-alpine
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "ping", "php-fpm-mailcow", "-c", "5"]
interval: 5s
timeout: 5s
retries: 10
command: /bin/sh -c "envsubst < /etc/nginx/conf.d/templates/listen_plain.template > /etc/nginx/conf.d/listen_plain.active &&
envsubst < /etc/nginx/conf.d/templates/listen_ssl.template > /etc/nginx/conf.d/listen_ssl.active &&
envsubst < /etc/nginx/conf.d/templates/server_name.template > /etc/nginx/conf.d/server_name.active &&
nginx -g 'daemon off;'"
environment:
- HTTPS_PORT=${HTTPS_PORT:-443}
- HTTP_PORT=${HTTP_PORT:-80}
- MAILCOW_HOSTNAME=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
volumes:
- ./data/web:/web:ro
- ./data/conf/rspamd/dynmaps:/dynmaps:ro
- ./data/assets/ssl/:/etc/ssl/mail/:ro
- ./data/conf/nginx/:/etc/nginx/conf.d/:rw
expose:
- "${HTTP_PORT:-80}"
#ports:
#- "${HTTPS_BIND:-0.0.0.0}:${HTTPS_PORT:-443}:${HTTPS_PORT:-443}"
#- "${HTTP_BIND:-0.0.0.0}:${HTTP_PORT:-80}:${HTTP_PORT:-80}"
restart: always
dns:
- 172.622.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
labels:
- "traefik.frontend.rule=Host: ${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}"
- "traefik.backend=mailcow"
- "traefik.port=80"
- "traefik.frontend.entryPoints=http,https"
- "traefik.docker.network=traefik"
networks:
mailcow-network:
ipv4_address: 172.22.1.251
aliases:
- nginx
traefik:
acme-mailcow:
depends_on:
- nginx-mailcow
image: mailcow/acme:1.12
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/acme
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
environment:
- ADDITIONAL_SAN=${ADDITIONAL_SAN}
- MAILCOW_HOSTNAME=${MAILCOW_HOSTNAME}
- DBNAME=${DBNAME}
- DBUSER=${DBUSER}
- DBPASS=${DBPASS}
- SKIP_LETS_ENCRYPT=${SKIP_LETS_ENCRYPT:-n}
- SKIP_IP_CHECK=${SKIP_IP_CHECK:-n}
volumes:
- ./data/web/.well-known/acme-challenge:/var/www/acme:rw
- ./data/assets/ssl:/var/lib/acme/:rw
- ./data/assets/ssl-example:/var/lib/ssl-example/:ro
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
# do not restart the container too often. Things get worse when we hit let's encrypt's ratelimit.
restart: on-failure:1
networks:
mailcow-network:
aliases:
- acme
fail2ban-mailcow:
image: mailcow/fail2ban:1.5
build: ./data/Dockerfiles/fail2ban
depends_on:
- dovecot-mailcow
- postfix-mailcow
- sogo-mailcow
- php-fpm-mailcow
- redis-mailcow
restart: always
privileged: true
environment:
- TZ=${TZ}
- SKIP_FAIL2BAN=${SKIP_FAIL2BAN:-no}
network_mode: "host"
dns:
- 172.22.1.254
dns_search: mailcow-network
volumes:
- /lib/modules:/lib/modules:ro
ipv6nat:
image: robbertkl/ipv6nat
restart: always
privileged: true
network_mode: "host"
volumes:
- /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
- /lib/modules:/lib/modules:ro
networks:
mailcow-network:
driver: bridge
enable_ipv6: true
ipam:
driver: default
config:
- subnet: 172.22.1.0/24
- subnet: fd4d:6169:6c63:6f77::/64
traefik:
external:
name: traefik_webgateway
volumes:
vmail-vol-1:
mysql-vol-1:
dkim-vol-1:
redis-vol-1:
rspamd-vol-1:
postfix-vol-1:
crypt-vol-1:
答案 0 :(得分：7)
我想我可能遇到过类似的问题。看看这个GitHub问题：https://github.com/containous/traefik/issues/979
如果您的问题与我的问题相同，则问题出在此处：
Traefik是一个“面向前方”的网络，您的服务也是如此，但该服务也是“面向后方”网络的一部分。默认情况下，Traefik不知道向...发送请求的网络，因此它将它们发送到两个IP地址选项中随机选择的一个（在创建该容器时选择）。如果Traefik不是该网络的一部分，它将无法访问该容器，并将为您提供网关超时。
解决方案：在容器中添加一个标签，直接向Traefik指定它应该在哪个网络上进行通信：
labels:
- "traefik.enable=true"
- "traefik.docker.network=<folder prefix>webgateway"
- "traefik.backend=<backend service"
- "traefik.frontend.rule=Host:<host setting>"
专业提示：使用docker network ls来确定网络的实际名称是什么，因为它不是文件中的docker-compose所说的。实际的网络名称是根据它运行的文件夹的名称作为前缀。（我不知道为什么，我不喜欢它，但这就是我们生活的世界）
因此我上面的例子中有<folder prefix>。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
我认为这个问题已由traefik社区解决。您可以查看：https://github.com/containous/traefik/pull/1873
答案 2 :(得分：1)
我所做的是在与.env相同的目录中的docker-compose.yml文件中定义项目名称的变量（以所有容器/网络/等的前缀结尾）。它应该只包含字符，没有空格，破折号等。
COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
然后，在您的应用程序标签中，使用附加了创建的网络的变量名称，用＆＃34; _＆＃34;分隔：
- "traefik.docker.network=${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME}_mynetwork"
答案 3 :(得分：0)
FWIW，如果您在traefik服务定义的提供者部分中定义了网络，则无需将其添加到以后添加的每个服务中。
示例：
version: "3.3"
services:
traefik:
image: "traefik:v2.2"
container_name: "traefik"
command:
- "--api.insecure=true"
- "--providers.docker=true"
- "--providers.docker.network=traefik" <=========
- "--providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false"
- "--entrypoints.web.address=:80"
ports:
- "80:80"
- "8090:8080"
networks:
- traefik
volumes:
- "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro"
networks:
traefik:
external: true
您应该在撰写文件之外创建traefik网络。